Eurozone Countries: The 21 Members Using the Euro

The euro area has 21 members. Their combined nominal GDP is $19.26 trillion for 2026 (IMF projection), 15.2% of the $126.88 trillion total for the 189 economies SOTW covers. Together they had 358.7 million people in 2025, 4.4% of the world's population in SOTW's data. Germany has both the largest economy and the most people. Luxembourg has the highest GDP per person, $155,733 (2026 IMF projection).

The 21 EU member countries that use the euro (the euro area), after Bulgaria joined on January 1, 2026. Each year is when that country adopted the euro; euro cash came into use in 2002. Source: European Central Bank: our money, checked October 21, 2026.

Members: 21; Checked October 21, 2026
Combined GDP: $19.26T; 2026 (IMF projection), 15.2% of covered world
Population: 358.7 million; 2025, 4.4% of covered world
Newest member: Bulgaria; Joined in 2026

All 21 euro area members

All 21 euro area members, ordered by nominal GDP. Each column heading gives the year most figures share; a figure for another year shows its own.
#	Country	Euro since	GDPcurrent US dollars2026 (IMF projection)	GDP per personcurrent US dollars2026 (IMF projection)	Populationpeople2025	Real GDP growthannual % change2026 (IMF projection)	Inflationannual % change in average consumer prices2026 (IMF projection)	Unemployment% of labor force2026 (IMF projection)	Government debt% of GDP2026 (IMF projection)
1	Germany economy	1999	$5.47T	$65,699	83.5 million	1.3%	2.7%	4.0%	64.6%
2	France economy	1999	$3.55T	$51,448	68.7 million	0.4%	2.4%	8.4%	118.5%
3	Italy economy	1999	$2.70T	$45,886	58.9 million	0.8%	3.3%	5.6%	137.9%
4	Spain economy	1999	$2.09T	$41,756	49.4 million	2.5%	3.7%	9.8%	97.6%
5	Netherlands economy	1999	$1.42T	$78,535	18.1 million	1.5%	2.9%	4.0%	45.4%
6	Belgium economy	1999	$772.70B	$64,774	11.9 million	0.7%	3.8%	6.2%	109.8%
7	Ireland economy	1999	$709.97B	$127,837	5.5 million	-1.0%	3.4%	5.0%	33.5%
8	Austria economy	1999	$616.90B	$67,020	9.2 million	0.6%	3.1%	5.7%	82.4%
9	Portugal economy	1999	$375.20B	$34,815	10.8 million	2.1%	3.2%	5.9%	85.1%
10	Finland economy	1999	$338.56B	$60,156	5.6 million	1.7%	2.4%	10.2%	90.6%
11	Greece economy	2001	$304.63B	$29,413	10.4 million	1.8%	4.2%	8.0%	136.0%
12	Slovakia	2009	$167.06B	$30,884	5.4 million	0.8%	3.6%	5.8%	62.2%
13	Bulgaria	2026	$146.51B	$23,000	6.4 million	2.6%	4.9%	3.4%	32.9%
14	Croatia	2023	$115.92B	$29,860	3.9 million	2.2%	4.5%	4.5%	56.3%
15	Luxembourg	1999	$108.33B	$155,733	686,970	1.1%	3.0%	6.4%	28.5%
16	Lithuania	2015	$104.72B	$36,135	2.9 million	2.7%	5.4%	6.8%	44.7%
17	Slovenia	2007	$88.87B	$41,631	2.1 million	3.2%	3.5%	3.9%	63.5%
18	Latvia	2014	$53.16B	$28,630	1.8 million	2.3%	3.6%	6.7%	47.0%
19	Estonia	2011	$51.03B	$37,310	1.4 million	2.1%	3.0%	6.8%	27.5%
20	Cyprus	2008	$44.29B	$44,477	1.4 million	2.9%	3.7%	4.0%	51.4%
21	Malta	2008	$30.51B	$52,149	579,704	4.2%	2.4%	3.0%	46.4%

Where the euro area members are

World map of the Eurozone members. Source: European Central Bank: our money. — The 21 Eurozone members are highlighted; one is too small for the map's outlines and drawn as a dot at the capital. Source: European Central Bank: our money. Shapes show location only.

When each country adopted the euro

Eleven countries have been members since 1999; the most recent to join was Bulgaria, in 2026. The euro area has enlarged nine times since 1999.

Year	Countries	Members after
1999	Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain	11
2001	Greece	12
2007	Slovenia	13
2008	Cyprus, Malta	15
2009	Slovakia	16
2011	Estonia	17
2014	Latvia	18
2015	Lithuania	19
2023	Croatia	20
2026	Bulgaria	21

Countries that use the euro outside the euro area

Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City use the euro under a formal agreement with the EU; Montenegro and Kosovo use it without one. None of them is a member of the euro area, and none is counted in this page's totals. Six EU members do not use the euro: Czechia, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Sweden. Denmark has a legal opt-out; the others are committed to adopt it once they meet the entry conditions.

Eurozone over time

Sum of the 21 members with a figure in every year from 2000 to 2026. Today’s members are counted in every year, including years before some of them joined. A SOTW sum of country figures, not an official aggregate. Source: International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook). Dashed: IMF projections.

Nominal GDP of the 6 largest economies

Source: International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook). Current US dollars; each panel has its own scale. Dashed segments are IMF projections.

About these figures

Combined figures are sums of the members’ own figures for one year, not official aggregates, and are shown only when every member has a figure for that year. Missing figures are not counted as zero.
Growth, inflation and other rates are not added up or averaged into a group or continent rate, because an unweighted average gives a small economy the same weight as a large one.
GDP is converted to US dollars at market exchange rates; GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) adjusts for differences in price levels, so it is the better comparison of living standards and gives a different order.
Inflation here is the IMF’s annual average consumer price inflation for each country. The euro area’s own monthly measure, the HICP published by Eurostat, is close but not identical.
IMF figures for the current year are projections from the World Economic Outlook, revised at each release, not measured values.

Sources and definitions

GDP IMF.NGDPD: Economic output at current prices, expressed using market exchange rates. Unit: current US dollars. International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)
GDP per person IMF.NGDPDPC: Current-price economic output divided by the population. Unit: current US dollars. International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)
Population SP.POP.TOTL: Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates. Unit: people. World Bank (World Development Indicators)
Real GDP growth IMF.NGDP_RPCH: Annual growth in economic output after accounting for price changes. Unit: annual % change. International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)
Inflation IMF.PCPIPCH: Annual change in the average consumer price index. Unit: annual % change in average consumer prices. International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)
Unemployment IMF.LUR: Unemployed people as a share of the labor force. Unit: % of labor force. International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)
Government debt IMF.GGXWDG_NGDP: General government gross debt relative to economic output. Unit: % of GDP. International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)
GDP per person at PPP IMF.PPPPC: Purchasing-power-adjusted current-price economic output per person. Unit: international dollars (PPP). International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook)

Questions

How many eurozone countries are there?

21: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain. Source: European Central Bank: our money, checked October 21, 2026.

Which eurozone country has the largest economy?

Germany, with nominal GDP of $5.47 trillion (2026 IMF projection, IMF World Economic Outlook). That is 28.4% of the members' combined GDP.

What is the richest eurozone country?

By GDP per person, Luxembourg: $155,733 (2026 IMF projection). Luxembourg is also first at purchasing power parity ($156,638). GDP per person measures output, not household income or wealth.

Which country joined the euro most recently?

Bulgaria, in 2026. Eleven countries have been members since 1999; the most recent to join was Bulgaria, in 2026.

How big is the combined euro area economy?

$19.26 trillion for 2026 (IMF projection), the sum of the 21 members' IMF figures, which is 15.2% of the total for the 189 economies SOTW covers. It is a SOTW sum, not an official aggregate.

How many people live in the euro area?

358.7 million people in 2025, the sum of the members' World Bank population estimates.