Estonia

ESTEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeCapital: Tallinn
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
76/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
Estonia in world space2000–2024
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002024
192 countries · log scale on X world Estonia· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Estonia

Estonia's GDP is $51.63B (2026), with a population of 1.4M, and GDP per capita of $37,718. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.4%, inflation at 3.8%, unemployment at 7.3%, government debt at 27.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 79.3 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

▶Economy32 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD)$51.63B2026▲ 9.9%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)1.4%2026▲ 133.3%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$37,7182026▲ 9.9%IMF
GDP, PPP (Intl $)$70.71B2026▲ 4.3%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$51,6532026▲ 4.4%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)0.03%2026▲ 0.0%IMF
GNI (Current USD)$46.37B2025▲ 9.7%WB
GNI per Capita, Atlas Method (Current US$)$32,3102025▲ 11.9%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (Current Intl $)$51,3702025▲ 4.0%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)19.7%2025▼ 2.1%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)65.8%2025▲ 0.2%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)1.6%2025▼ 6.8%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)21.5%2025▲ 2.0%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)52.7%2025▼ 1.4%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)24.8%2025▲ 1.2%WB
Gross Savings (% of GDP)24.8%2025▲ 3.3%WB
GDP Deflator Inflation (Annual %)3.8%2025▼ 3.7%WB
GDP per Employed Person (Constant 2021 PPP $)$82,2132025▲ 1.8%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)10.8%2025▼ 0.5%WB
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)26.9%2022▲ 3.6%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$22,4622021▲ 17.4%WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)16.5%2021▲ 15.8%WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)1.0%2025▲ 220.2%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.96%2021▲ 100.1%WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)1.7%2021▲ 20.3%WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.76%2021▼ 20.0%WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$9.28B2025▲ 6.8%WB
GDP per Capita, PPP (Constant 2021 Intl $)$41,6042025▲ 1.0%WB
GDP per Capita (Constant 2015 US$)$20,2822025▲ 1.0%WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary17 indicators · 2004–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)155.8%2025▲ 3.1%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)78.4%2025▲ 3.6%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)77.4%2025▲ 2.7%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$36.85B2025▲ 12.9%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$36.40B2025▲ 12.0%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$20.98B2025▲ 11.6%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$25.30B2025▲ 12.7%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)-1.8%2025▲ 77.6%WB
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)-0.1%2025▲ 99.4%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$-838.2M2025▲ 75.6%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$536.3M2025▲ 8.1%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)1.1%2025▼ 0.9%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)18.4%2024▲ 10.9%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-0.1%2025▲ 88.2%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$-70.0M2025▲ 87.1%WB
▶Finance9 indicators · 2003–2025 · WB
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Time to Get Electricity (days)762023▼ 16.3%WB
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2023 · WB
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population1.4M2025▼ 0.4%WB
Population Growth (%)-0.4%2025▼ 385.8%WB
Population Density (per km²)322023▲ 1.6%WB
Surface Area (sq km)45,3402023▲ 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)42,7302023▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)70.7%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (total)966,3832025▼ 0.4%WB
Rural Population (%)29.3%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth79.3 years2024▲ 0.6%WB
Life Expectancy, Male75.1 years2024▲ 0.8%WB
Life Expectancy, Female83.7 years2024▲ 0.5%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)1.22024▼ 9.9%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)7.12024▼ 11.3%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)11.52024▼ 1.7%WB
Net Migration-13,3502025▼ 72.4%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)15.3%2025▼ 2.5%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)62.9%2025▼ 0.2%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)21.8%2025▲ 2.4%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)58.9%2025▲ 0.5%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)34.6%2025▲ 2.6%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)24.2%2025▼ 2.3%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)137.22024▼ 6.1%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)54.22024▼ 6.3%WB
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force754,2062025▼ 0.5%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)65.1%2025▼ 0.5%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)61.0%2025▼ 0.4%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)69.8%2025▼ 0.6%WB
Unemployment (%)8.3%2025▲ 9.4%WB
Female Unemployment (%)8.0%2025▲ 6.4%WB
Male Unemployment (%)8.6%2025▲ 12.3%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)19.7%2025▲ 2.3%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)3.0%2025▼ 3.6%WB
Employment in Industry (%)26.0%2025▼ 1.7%WB
Employment in Services (%)71.0%2025▲ 0.8%WB
Labor Force Participation, Age 15+ (National Estimate, %)66.4%2025▼ 0.9%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)7.1%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)87.9%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Part-Time Employment (%)15.6%2024▲ 0.8%WB
Employers (% of total employment)5.0%2025▲ 0.1%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)49.7%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)59.7%2025▼ 1.3%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)12.1%2025▼ 0.0%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)10.2%2024▲ 6.6%WB
▶Education21 indicators · 2011–2024 · WB
▶Health49 indicators · 2014–2025 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)7.8%2024▲ 4.9%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$2,4382024▲ 7.9%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)5.7%2023▲ 9.1%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)21.4%2024▼ 3.2%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)3.52022▲ 1.1%WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)6.72023▼ 4.4%WHO
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)4.12023▼ 1.4%WHO
Under-5 Mortality (per 1,000 live births)22024▼ 4.8%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)0.92024▼ 10.0%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)52023▼ 28.6%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)1.82024▼ 5.3%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)2.22024▼ 4.3%WHO
Communicable, Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Causes (% of Deaths)12.9%2021▲ 194.2%WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)82.9%2021▼ 8.4%WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)4.2%2021▼ 17.1%WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)83.0%2024▼ 2.4%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)81.0%2024▼ 3.6%WHO
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.12024▲ 0.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)82024▼ 9.9%WHO
Stunting, Children Under 5 (%)1.2%2014—WHO
Overweight, Children Under 5 (%)5.0%2014—WHO
Current Tobacco Use, Male Adults (%)30.9%2024▼ 3.4%WHO
Current Tobacco Use, Female Adults (%)21.4%2024▼ 1.4%WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)14.92021▼ 14.8%WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)10.72020▼ 5.2%WHO
Life Expectancy at Birth (WHO)77.131313632021—WHO
Remaining Life Expectancy at Age 60 (WHO)21.029916692021—WHO
Healthy Life Expectancy at Birth (HALE)66.740325252021—WHO
Infant Mortality, Under Age 1 (WHO)1.5303004882024—WHO
Under-5 Mortality (WHO)2.0156125582024—WHO
Neonatal Mortality, 0–27 Days (WHO)0.9462400732024—WHO
Maternal Deaths (WHO Estimates)0.5477047692023—WHO
Estimated Tuberculosis Incidence (WHO)8.22024—WHO
TB Mortality, Excluding HIV (per 100K)0.972024—WHO
People Living with HIV66002025—WHO
Diabetes Prevalence, Age 18+ (age-standardized, %)8.78457282022—WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (WHO/UNICEF)852025—WHO
Measles First-Dose Coverage (MCV1, WHO/UNICEF)832025—WHO
Hepatitis B Three-Dose Coverage (HepB3, WHO/UNICEF)852025—WHO
Physicians (total)4,7722023▲ 1.9%WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel9,6262023▲ 2.4%WHO
Dentists (total)1,4072023▲ 2.3%WHO
Pharmacists (total)9552023▼ 0.8%WHO
Child Wasting, Under 5 (survey, %)1.52014—WHO
Child Stunting, Under 5 (survey, %)1.22014—WHO
Child Underweight, Under 5 (survey, %)0.42014—WHO
UHC Service Coverage Index (SDG 3.8.1)792023—WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)4.42021—WHO
Current Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, US$)2258.45971682023—WHO
▶Energy & Environment18 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB / WHO
▶Agriculture12 indicators · 2016–2024 · WB
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2017–2024 · WB
▶Gender8 indicators · 2017–2025 · WB
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption1.542023▼ 0.4%WB
Government Effectiveness1.262023▼ 5.9%WB
Political Stability0.662023▼ 9.3%WB
Regulatory Quality1.432023▼ 8.3%WB
Rule of Law1.432023▲ 0.0%WB
Voice & Accountability1.222023▲ 1.5%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)91.5%2023▲ 0.5%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)88.7%2023▼ 1.1%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)89.6%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)69.2%2023▼ 2.9%WB
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Military Spending (% of GDP)3.4%2024▲ 12.6%WB
Military Expenditure (USD)$1.44B2024▲ 16.7%WB
Armed Forces Personnel7,0002020▲ 0.0%WB
Armed Forces (% of labor force)1.0%2020▼ 0.0%WB
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)7.5%2024▲ 8.0%WB
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)1.52023▲ 3.7%WB
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.782020▲ 0.4%WB
Human Capital Index, Female0.812020▲ 0.5%WB
Human Capital Index, Male0.752020▲ 0.3%WB
Learning-Adjusted Years of School11.7 years2020▲ 0.2%WB
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
International Tourism, Arrivals1.7M2020▼ 72.2%WB
International Tourism, Departures558,0002020▼ 67.2%WB
Tourism Receipts (USD)$865.0M2020▼ 62.6%WB
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$676.0M2020▼ 62.6%WB
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)4.0%2020▼ 60.4%WB
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$277.0M2020▼ 51.2%WB
▶Urban Development7 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Urban Population Growth (%)-0.4%2025▼ 320.4%WB
Population in Largest City457,6572025▲ 0.3%WB
Population in Largest City (% of urban)47.4%2025▲ 0.7%WB
Population in Slums (% of urban)0.3%2022▲ 245.4%WB
Rural Population Growth (%)-0.5%2025▼ 750.0%WB
Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%)98.9%2024▲ 0.2%WHO
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)90.6%2024▲ 0.1%WHO