Portugal Economy 2026: GDP, Growth Rate & World Ranking

Portugal has the 48th-largest nominal GDP of the 189 economies SOTW covers for 2026: $375.20 billion (IMF projection). It sits just behind Nigeria ($386.67 billion) and ahead of Finland ($338.56 billion). The IMF projects real GDP growth of 2.1% and inflation of 3.2% for 2026. Portugal's population was 10.8 million in 2025.

Nominal GDP: $375.20B; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); current US dollars; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
375197000000 current US dollars
Real GDP growth: 2.1%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); annual percent change in real GDP; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
2.1 annual percent change in real GDP
Inflation (annual-average CPI): 3.2%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); annual percent change in average consumer prices; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
3.2 annual percent change in average consumer prices
Unemployment: 5.9%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); percent of labor force; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
5.9 percent of labor force
GDP per person: $34,815; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); current US dollars per person; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
34815.22 current US dollars per person
Population: 10.8M; Reference year 2025; people; World Bank (World Development Indicators); Series and history →; Unrounded value
10804871 people
General government gross debt: 85.1%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); percent of GDP; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
85.1 percent of GDP
Life expectancy at birth: 82.4 years; Reference year 2024; years; World Bank (World Development Indicators); Series and history →; Unrounded value
82.3829268292683 years

IMF projection: a forecast from the IMF World Economic Outlook, revised at each release, not a measured value.

About these figures

Each figure keeps its own year, unit and source, shown on its card. Missing values are not zero: a card that says Not reported has no figure for this economy.

IMF figures for the current year and later are projections from the World Economic Outlook and change with each edition. Earlier IMF years can still be estimates. Some economies report on a fiscal year rather than a calendar year, and the source data do not record each country-specific fiscal-year mapping, so the same year label may not cover the same twelve months everywhere.

The GDP rank compares economies with a positive IMF figure for the same year; older figures and regional aggregates are not ranked. Nominal GDP is in US dollars at market exchange rates. GDP per person is output per person, not a typical income. General government gross debt covers every level of government, so it is broader than central-government debt.

Population follows the World Bank's midyear-estimate definition. Open a card's Unrounded value for the full figure, or its series link for the history.

Portugal Economic Overview

Portugal has undergone one of the most impressive economic turnarounds in the European Union. After a severe debt crisis in 2011 that required a €78 billion bailout from the EU and IMF, Portugal implemented structural reforms while also investing in tourism and technology. The results have been remarkable: tourism has surged to over 30 million visitors annually (triple the population), Lisbon has become a European tech hub after attracting Web Summit, and the startup ecosystem has flourished.

Portugal's economy is diversified across tourism, automotive manufacturing (Volkswagen's Autoeuropa plant is one of the largest employers), textiles, cork (Portugal produces over 50% of the world's cork), wine, and increasingly, renewable energy — the country regularly generates 60%+ of electricity from renewables. The golden visa program and Non-Habitual Resident tax regime attracted wealthy immigrants and digital nomads, though some programs have been scaled back due to housing pressures.

Challenges include government debt that is still high, at 85.1% of GDP in 2026 (IMF projection), despite rapid reduction; an aging population with one of Europe's lowest fertility rates; brain drain of educated young people to higher-paying Northern European countries; and GDP per capita of $34,815 in 2026 (IMF projection), still below the EU average. Housing affordability in Lisbon and Porto has become a political flashpoint.

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Questions about Portugal's figures

What is Portugal's nominal GDP for 2026?

Portugal's nominal GDP is $375.20B (current US dollars; reference year 2026, an IMF projection). Source: International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook). Rank 48 among 189 covered IMF economies for reference year 2026.

What is Portugal's real GDP growth for 2026?

Portugal's real GDP growth is 2.1% (annual percent change in real GDP; reference year 2026, an IMF projection). Source: International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook).

What is Portugal's population for 2025?

Portugal's population is 10.8M (people; reference year 2025). Source: World Bank (World Development Indicators). The World Bank definition describes midyear population estimates.

What is Portugal's life expectancy at birth for 2024?

Portugal's life expectancy at birth is 82.4 years (years; reference year 2024). Source: World Bank (World Development Indicators).