Finland
Capital: HelsinkiRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: High income
Finland's GDP is $335.53B (2026), with a population of 5.6M, and GDP per capita of $59,750. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.3%, inflation at 1.9%, unemployment at 8.7%, government debt at 89.1% of GDP, life expectancy of 81.7 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Finland's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Stock Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| OMX Helsinki 25 | 5,980.64 | 2026 |
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 3.01% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 2.26% | 2025 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.87 | 2026 |
Currencies
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| EUR/USD | 1.1522 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 1.9% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 89.1% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -3.9% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -0.1% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 8.7% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 1.6% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 42.1% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 44.9% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 25.4% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 31.1% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 27.1% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 1.5% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $17.99B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 1.4 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.92 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 0.75 | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 83.5% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 41.9% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 41.6% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $125.18B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $124.12B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $78.01B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $80.68B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 2.9% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 4.0% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $8.74B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $748.9M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.3% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 9.3% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -0.7% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-1.99B | 2024 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 92.0% | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 5.8% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 1.3% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 99.8% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 99.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 5.6M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 0.6% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 18 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 338,480 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 303,960 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 74.3% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 4.2M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 25.7% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 81.7 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 79.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 84.4 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.3 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 7.8 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 11 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 18,246 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 14.6% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 61.5% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 23.9% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 62.7% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 38.9% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 23.8% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 86.5 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 43.1 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 2.9M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 59.7% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 56.5% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 63.0% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 9.5% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 8.9% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 10.0% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 21.5% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 3.5% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 20.8% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 75.7% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 60.7% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 9.5% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 87.5% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 45.7% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 3.1% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 48.1% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 54.0% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 12.5% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 8.2% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 6.4% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 12.1% | 2022 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 99.1% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 142.9% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 108.1% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 98.9% | 2023 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 99.8% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 5,714 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 2,800 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 30,308 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 42,387 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 14 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 14 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 20.5% | 2016 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 98.9 | 2021 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 36.9% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 26.5% | 2016 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 5.5 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 31 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 5,867 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 14,391 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 52.9% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 50.2% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 4.9 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 73.7% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 224,090 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 7.4% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 13.3% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 11.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 99.4% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 7.4% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,311 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 98.2 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 98.7 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 97.8 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 908,230 | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 128,717 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 87.2 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 2.8% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 3.0M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 93.5% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 127 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 35.3 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 177,933.6 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 2.96% | 2022 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 1,557 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 105 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 12,013 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $4.68B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 33.4% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $14.03B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 150 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 8,073 | 2022 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 10.8M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 816.4 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 1.4M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 5,918 | 2021 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 2,903 | 2021 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 10,749 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 4.20 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.3% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 42.1% | 2023 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 46.0% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 57.6% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 91.8% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 98.7% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 3.1 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 98.72 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.10 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 2.22 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.74 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 0.71 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.77 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 1.97 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 1.63 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 99.5% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 97.2% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 71.1% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 2.3% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $6.99B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 22,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.8% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 4.1% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 1 | 2023 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 0.2% | 2023 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 0.2% | 2023 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 0.4% | 2023 |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 12.2% | 2022 |
| Gini Index | 27.4 | 2023 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 22.5% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 3.7% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 36.7% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 9.2% | 2023 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | -0.2% | 2023 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 64.46 | 2023 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.1% | 2023 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.80 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.83 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.76 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 11.7 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 896,000 | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 2.7M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $1.76B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $1.94B | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 1.8% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $512.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.0% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 1.4M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 32.4% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 24.1% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.0% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -0.4% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 99.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 90.1% | 2024 |
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