Greece
Capital: AthensRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: High income
Greece's GDP is $304.84B (2026), with a population of 10.4M, and GDP per capita of $29,412. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 2.0%, inflation at 2.5%, unemployment at 8.4%, government debt at 141.9% of GDP, life expectancy of 81.5 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Greece's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 3.38% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 2.26% | 2025 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.87 | 2026 |
Currencies
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| EUR/USD | 1.1522 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.5% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 141.9% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -0.8% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -5.3% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 8.4% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 2.7% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 43.3% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 47.3% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 26.7% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 34.4% | 2023 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 0.0% | 2022 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 20.3% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 2.3% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $15.22B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 1.3 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.92 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 0.52 | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 89.8% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 42.1% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 47.7% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $107.91B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $122.14B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $54.02B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $91.77B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 2.6% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.9% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $6.74B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $561.4M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.2% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 15.0% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -7.1% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-18.22B | 2024 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 48.5% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 32.5% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $83.20B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 12.2% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 143 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 7.8% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 6.0% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 88.6% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 84.1% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 93.3% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 22.9% | 2023 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 59 | 2023 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 3.1% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 43.9% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 15.6% | 2023 |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 13.8% | 2023 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 64 years | 2023 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 14.6% | 2023 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 10.4M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.0% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 81 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 131,960 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 128,900 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 79.0% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 8.2M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 21.0% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 81.5 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 79.0 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 84.2 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.3 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 6.8 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 12.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 16,636 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 13.2% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 62.8% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 23.9% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 59.1% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 38.1% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 21.0% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 78.2 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 33.6 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 4.7M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 52.0% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 44.7% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 59.9% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 8.5% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 11.3% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 6.3% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 21.4% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 10.7% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 16.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 73.0% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 52.7% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 23.1% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 69.5% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 22.3% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 7.4% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 44.7% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 47.5% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 30.5% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 10.4% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 3.4% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 6.4% | 2022 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 102.0% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 105.2% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 165.1% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 99.9% | 2023 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 93.9% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 622 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 12,106 | 2021 |
| Primary School Teachers | 70,680 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 82,575 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 9 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 9 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 99.5 | 2022 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 33.9% | 2005 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 36.1% | 2005 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 5 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 53 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 1,875 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,694 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 40.6% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 21.5% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 14.4 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 30.3% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 39,018 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 14.4% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 11.2% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 4.7% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 99.0% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 41.7% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 4,140 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 102.8 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 94.2 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 100.1 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 822,260 | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 62,986 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 142.2 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 22.3% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 17.3% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 3.4M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 86.3% | 2024 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 111 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 43.9 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 15,657.9 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 1.49% | 2022 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 394 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 532 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 15,105 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $2.97B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 3.2% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $1.78B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 721 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 4,927 | 2022 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 19.1M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 16 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 5.2M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 2,339 | 2021 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 653 | 2021 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 579 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.70 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 9.4% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 23.0% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 45.3% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 75.3% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 100.7% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 7 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 99.94 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.95 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.01 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.1 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.15 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 0.24 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.58 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 0.21 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 1.01 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 58.0% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 57.5% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 57.1% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 54.0% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 3.1% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $8.02B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 147,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 3.2% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 6.6% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 0.8 | 2023 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 0.6% | 2023 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 0.8% | 2023 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 3.2% | 2023 |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 18.8% | 2021 |
| Gini Index | 33.4 | 2023 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 26.0% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.7% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 40.8% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.2% | 2023 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 3.3% | 2023 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 34.24 | 2023 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.2% | 2023 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.69 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.71 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.67 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 10.0 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 7.4M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 2.3M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $6.19B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $1.50B | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 10.5% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $1.18B | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 0.3% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 3.2M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 38.4% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 30.4% | 2025 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.1% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 96.7% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 92.9% | 2024 |
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