New Zealand
Capital: WellingtonRegion: East Asia & PacificIncome: High income
New Zealand's GDP is $280.55B (2026), with a population of 5.3M, and GDP per capita of $52,181. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 2.2%, inflation at 2.1%, unemployment at 5.1%, government debt at 56.1% of GDP, life expectancy of 83.0 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore New Zealand's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Stock Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| NZX 50 | 13,069.66 | 2026 |
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 4.47% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 5.24% | 2024 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1.75 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.1% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 56.1% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -3.6% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -4.4% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 5.1% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 2.9% | 2024 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 5.7% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 54.1% | 2023 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 35.5% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 35.5% | 2022 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 30.7% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 26.4% | 2023 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 2.9% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 56.9% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 3.1% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $22.07B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 3.2 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1.65 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 1.46 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 100.0% | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 51.2% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 24.8% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 26.4% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $64.54B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $68.74B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $42.29B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $46.86B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.3% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $1.76B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $598.2M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.2% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 13.0% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -4.7% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-12.11B | 2024 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 158.2% | 2023 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 141.2% | 2023 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 35.7% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $92.87B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 4.8% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 112 | 2024 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 97.9% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 98.5% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 97.2% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 24.5% | 2023 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 15 | 2023 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 0.7% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 58.2% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 20.3% | 2023 |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 66.0% | 2023 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 43 years | 2023 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 45.7% | 2023 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 5.3M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.7% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 20 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 267,710 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 263,310 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 83.9% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 4.4M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 16.1% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 83.0 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 81.2 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 84.9 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.6 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 10.9 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 17,403 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 18.1% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 64.7% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 17.2% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 54.6% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 26.6% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 28.0% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 77.7 | 2021 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 49.2 | 2021 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3.1M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 70.4% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 66.1% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 74.7% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 5.1% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 5.3% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 4.9% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 14.4% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 5.4% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 19.9% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 74.6% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 71.3% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 12.6% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 81.6% | 2025 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 5.8% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.6% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 66.8% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 18.4% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 12.8% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 5.3% | 2023 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 12.7% | 2023 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 96.9% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 113.4% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 76.4% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 8,998 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 4,241 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 26,583 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 36,390 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 15 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 14 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 26.1% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 35.6% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 23.7% | 2016 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 6 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 32 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 3,661 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 8,021 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 81.4% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 28.9% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 6.5 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 37.8% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 99,503 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 2.0% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 30.6% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 30.4% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 36.9% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 8,244 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 100.6 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 108.2 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 99 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 116,464 | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 327,003 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 1,291.1 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 3.0% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 960,177 | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 96.2% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 127 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 37.9 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 18,718.3 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 1.47% | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 330 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 6,522 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 9,214 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $840.0M | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 6.2% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $1.18B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 320 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 5,095 | 2021 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 15.0M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 767.8 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 3.4M | 2022 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 802 | 2020 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 4,444 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.60 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.0% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 45.5% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 67.1% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 85.0% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 98.8% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 10.9 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 98.32 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.05 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 2.08 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.53 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 1.36 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.91 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 1.71 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 1.69 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 98.6% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 92.5% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 95.8% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 96.2% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $3.00B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 10,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.3% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 2.8% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 1.5 | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.78 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.79 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.76 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 11.4 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 996,000 | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 511,000 | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $10.96B | 2018 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $4.60B | 2018 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 18.8% | 2018 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.7% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 1.7M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 38.3% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 32.1% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.0% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.4% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 88.8% | 2024 |
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