Australia
Capital: CanberraRegion: East Asia & PacificIncome: High income
Australia's GDP is $1.95T (2026), with a population of 27.2M, and GDP per capita of $69,358. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 2.1%, inflation at 3.0%, unemployment at 4.3%, government debt at 50.7% of GDP, life expectancy of 83.1 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Australia's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Stock Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| S&P/ASX 200 | 8,579.5 | 2026 |
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 4.37% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 3.88% | 2025 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1.45 | 2026 |
Currencies
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| AUD/USD | 0.6891 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 3.0% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 50.7% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -2.3% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -1.7% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 4.3% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 3.2% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 57.9% | 2022 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 26.1% | 2022 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 27.6% | 2022 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 23.6% | 2022 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 17.8% | 2022 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 2.7% | 2022 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 67.9% | 2022 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2022 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $60.40B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 1.4 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1.52 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 1.37 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 129.4% | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 47.1% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 24.6% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 22.5% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $432.61B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $395.75B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $340.83B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $296.34B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 3.0% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $53.39B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $1.77B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 25.2% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -2.0% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-34.76B | 2024 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 129.3% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 98.9% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $1.74T | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 48.1% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 1,853 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 5.9% | 2022 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 0.7% | 2022 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 98.0% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 97.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 98.3% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 27.2M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 3 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 7.7M | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 7.7M | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 87.6% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 23.8M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 12.4% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 83.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 81.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 85.1 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.5 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 10.8 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 6.9 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 137,109 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 17.8% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 64.4% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 17.7% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 55.2% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 27.5% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 27.7% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 72.6 | 2021 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 41.6 | 2021 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 15.0M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 66.5% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 62.5% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 70.7% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 4.1% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 4.0% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 4.1% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 9.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 2.2% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 19.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 78.5% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 67.1% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 9.1% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 83.9% | 2025 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 7.0% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.7% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 63.8% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 16.1% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 8.5% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 5.1% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 12.7% | 2022 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 99.4% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 134.1% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 104.6% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 4,719 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 1,110 | 2023 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 33.0% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 31.3% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 26.8% | 2016 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 14.1 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 383 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 4,928 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 9,820 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 26.7% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 12.3% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 8.3 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 17.4% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 1.3M | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 4.0% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 33.5% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 45.4% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 47.2% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,231 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 112.1 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 146.1 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 87.5 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 18.3M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 221,916 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 102.7 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 0.5% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 2.4% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 59.0M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 97.1% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 113 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 36.6 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 44,295.2 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 1.86% | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 2,966 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 29,443 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 62,305 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $8.19B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 3.0% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $2.52B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 2,584 | 2021 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 69.0M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 1,188.1 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 9.4M | 2022 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 9,328 | 2021 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 453,091 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.70 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 1.8% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 38.0% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 63.1% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 87.7% | 2025 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 6.7 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.96 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 1.78 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.59 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 0.92 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.94 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 1.52 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 1.51 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 95.8% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 93.9% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 92.0% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 79.6% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $33.82B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 60,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 5.0% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 0.9 | 2023 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 1.0% | 2020 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 1.0% | 2020 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 1.5% | 2020 |
| Gini Index | 33.8 | 2020 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 25.5% | 2020 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.7% | 2020 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 41.0% | 2020 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.3% | 2020 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.6% | 2020 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.77 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.78 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.76 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 11.2 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 1.8M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 2.8M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $26.23B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $7.65B | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 8.7% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $567.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 2.1% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 5.4M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 22.4% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 61.1% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.0% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.1% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 95.8% | 2024 |
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