Japan
Capital: TokyoRegion: East Asia & PacificIncome: High income
Japan's GDP is $4.46T (2026), with a population of 124.0M, and GDP per capita of $36,391. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 0.6%, inflation at 2.1%, unemployment at 2.6%, government debt at 226.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 84.0 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Japan's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Stock Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Nikkei 225 | 53,123.49 | 2026 |
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 1.55% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 0.47% | 2025 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 159.57 | 2026 |
Currencies
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| USD/JPY | 159.63 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.1% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 226.8% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -2.0% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 3.6% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 2.6% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 2.7% | 2024 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 20.9% | 2022 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $1.23T | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 13 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 151.37 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 94.46 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 267.4% | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 46.4% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 22.8% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 23.6% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $917.04B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $952.04B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $707.01B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $743.50B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 5.0% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $16.16B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $4.64B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 17.6% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 4.8% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $194.26B | 2024 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 371.8% | 2024 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 196.8% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 156.7% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $6.31T | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 183.3% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 3,971 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 4.1% | 2022 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 1.2% | 2022 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 98.5% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 98.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 98.3% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 124.0M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.4% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 342 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 377,969 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 364,569 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 92.2% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 114.3M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 7.8% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 84.0 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 81.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 87.1 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.2 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 6 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 13 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 140,579 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 11.4% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 58.8% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 29.8% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 70.1% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 50.7% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 19.5% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 65.7 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 36.7 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 69.4M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 63.4% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 55.9% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 71.5% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 2.5% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 2.3% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 2.6% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 3.9% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 2.8% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 23.2% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 74.0% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 63.3% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 7.5% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 90.9% | 2025 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 1.6% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 45.4% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 61.9% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 9.1% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 3.1% | 2019 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 3.3% | 2021 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 102.5% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 102.3% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 64.9% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 3,971 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 440,864 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 627,777 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 16 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 11 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 35.1% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 42.0% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 19.8% | 2016 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 7.8 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 972 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 3,039 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 7,655 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 21.1% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 8.8% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 12.8 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 68.4% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 249,350 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 11.1% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 15.1% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 13.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 99.2% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 99.9% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 12.6% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 6,245 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 100.3 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 94.6 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 104.8 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 1.8M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 2.9M | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 202.8 | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 18.5% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 11.5M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 87.0% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 178 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 38.6 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 32,928.8 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 3.41% | 2022 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 222,452 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 66,748 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 103,723 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $102.45B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 4.8% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $11.01B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 22,051 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 5,630 | 2022 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 120.3M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 8,474 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 22.5M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 20,087 | 2011 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 263,211 | 2020 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 18,340 | 2020 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.90 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 3.0% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 8.4% | 2023 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 15.7% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 55.6% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 92.5% | 2025 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 1.7 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.00 | 2019 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2019 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 1.4 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.63 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 0.95 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.47 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 1.54 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 1.11 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 90.1% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 96.7% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 92.5% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 81.5% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.4% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $55.27B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 261,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 3.3% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 0.2 | 2023 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 1.2% | 2020 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 1.5% | 2020 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 3.2% | 2020 |
| Gini Index | 32.3 | 2020 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 23.9% | 2020 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.4% | 2020 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 39.0% | 2020 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 6.9% | 2020 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 0.4% | 2020 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 48.11 | 2020 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.5% | 2020 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.80 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 11.7 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 4.1M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 3.2M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $11.39B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $6.74B | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 1.4% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $798.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | -0.3% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 37.0M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 32.6% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 65.7% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 2.0% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 98.7% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 99.2% | 2024 |
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