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Egypt, Arab Rep.

Capital: CairoRegion: Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanIncome: Lower middle income
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Egypt, Arab Rep.'s GDP is $399.51B (2026), with a population of 116.5M, and GDP per capita of $3,579. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.5%, inflation at 11.8%, unemployment at 7.3%, government debt at 85.0% of GDP, life expectancy of 71.6 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Egypt, Arab Rep.'s full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.

GDP
$399.51B
2026
Population
116.5M
2024
GDP per Capita
$3,579
2026
Life Expectancy
71.6 years
2023
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook

Economy

IndicatorValueYear
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$399.51B2026
Real GDP Growth (%)4.5%2026
GDP per Capita (USD)$3,5792026
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$2.53T2026
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$22,6912026
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)1.16%2026
GNI (Current USD)$371.52B2024
GNI per Capita (USD)$3,5102024
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$18,2302024
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)32.6%2024
Services Value Added (% of GDP)48.9%2024
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)13.7%2024
Government Consumption (% of GDP)6.3%2024
Household Consumption (% of GDP)87.6%2024
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)13.0%2024
Gross Savings (% of GNI)9.3%2024
GDP Deflator (%)33.7%2024
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$59,4412024
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)13.9%2024
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)18.8%2022
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$3,1852021
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)-1.1%2021
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)-6.8%2024
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021
Oil Rents (% of GDP)2.99%2021
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)2.05%2021
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)5.1%2021
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.11%2021
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$126.69B2024

Stock Markets

IndicatorValueYear
EGX 3046,3992026

Financial Markets

IndicatorValueYear
Exchange Rate (per USD)54.292026

Fiscal & Monetary

IndicatorValueYear
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)11.8%2026
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)85.0%2026
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-10.7%2026
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-4.3%2026
Unemployment Rate (%)7.3%2026
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)28.3%2024
Real Interest Rate (%)-7.0%2024
Lending Interest Rate (%)24.3%2024
Deposit Interest Rate (%)19.2%2024
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$44.92B2024
Total Reserves (months of imports)4.52024
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)45.32024
PPP Conversion Factor6.252024
Broad Money (% of GDP)83.7%2024

Trade

IndicatorValueYear
Trade (% of GDP)39.6%2024
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)16.4%2024
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)23.2%2024
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$63.71B2024
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$90.36B2024
Merchandise Exports (USD)$42.25B2024
Merchandise Imports (USD)$85.99B2024
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)12.0%2024
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)0.1%2024
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$46.58B2024
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$29.56B2024
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)7.6%2024
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)3.8%2024
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-5.7%2024
Current Account Balance (USD)$-22.26B2024

External Debt

IndicatorValueYear
External Debt (% of GNI)42.0%2024
External Debt Stocks (USD)$155.97B2024
Total Debt Service (% of GNI)8.9%2024
Present Value of External Debt (USD)$97.26B2024
Use of IMF Credit (USD)$15.12B2024
Net ODA Received (% of GNI)0.1%2023
Net ODA Received (USD)$480.1M2023

Finance

IndicatorValueYear
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)27.6%2024
Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP)10.9%2024
Stock Market Capitalization (USD)$42.60B2024
Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP)5.2%2024
Listed Domestic Companies2462024
Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%)43.1%2024
Account Ownership, Female (%)40.2%2024
Account Ownership, Male (%)46.0%2024

People

IndicatorValueYear
Population116.5M2024
Population Growth (%)1.7%2024
Population Density (per km²)1152023
Surface Area (sq km)1.0M2023
Land Area (sq km)995,4502023
Urban Population (%)42.8%2024
Urban Population (total)49.9M2024
Rural Population (%)57.2%2024
Life Expectancy at Birth71.6 years2023
Life Expectancy, Male69.5 years2023
Life Expectancy, Female73.8 years2023
Fertility Rate (births per woman)2.82023
Birth Rate (per 1,000)212023
Death Rate (per 1,000)5.52023
Net Migration-57,3052025
Population Ages 0–14 (%)32.0%2024
Population Ages 15–64 (%)62.9%2024
Population Ages 65+ (%)5.1%2024
Age Dependency Ratio (%)59.0%2024
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)8.1%2024
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)50.9%2024
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)164.92023
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)100.92023

Labor

IndicatorValueYear
Total Labor Force36.1M2025
Labor Force Participation (%)44.6%2025
Female Labor Force Participation (%)18.5%2025
Male Labor Force Participation (%)70.5%2025
Unemployment (%)6.8%2025
Female Unemployment (%)15.3%2025
Male Unemployment (%)4.6%2025
Youth Unemployment (%)18.3%2025
Employment in Agriculture (%)17.5%2025
Employment in Industry (%)29.4%2025
Employment in Services (%)53.1%2025
Self-Employed (%)48.0%2024
Vulnerable Employment (%)23.9%2025
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)73.0%2025
Part-Time Employment (%)15.4%2024
Employers (% of total employment)3.0%2025
Labor Force, Female (% of total)20.6%2025
Employment to Population Ratio (%)41.5%2025
Self-Employed (% of total)27.0%2025
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)23.8%2024

Education

IndicatorValueYear
Adult Literacy Rate (%)79.5%2022
Female Literacy Rate (%)73.3%2022
Male Literacy Rate (%)85.3%2022
Youth Literacy Rate (%)95.2%2022
Primary School Enrollment (%)96.7%2024
Secondary School Enrollment (%)84.8%2024
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)38.0%2025
Primary Completion Rate (%)98.2%2024
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)83.9%2024
Out-of-School Children, Primary559,7092024
Out-of-School Girls, Primary270,6492024
Primary School Teachers483,0532024
Secondary School Teachers507,4452024
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary242018
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary152018
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary)99.82020

Health

IndicatorValueYear
Health Spending (% of GDP)4.9%2023
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$1412023
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)1.6%2023
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)57.2%2023
Physicians (per 1,000 people)0.72020
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)1.12021
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)17.52023
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)9.32023
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)172023
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)16.32023
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)18.62023
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)9.6%2019
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)85.6%2019
Cause of Death, Injury (%)4.8%2019
Measles Immunization (% of children)97.0%2024
DPT Immunization (% of children)97.0%2024
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.12024
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)102024
Stunting, Children Under 5 (%)12.8%2021
Overweight, Children Under 5 (%)10.1%2021
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)49.1%2022
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)0.4%2022
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)0.62021
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)0.12020
Maternal Deaths4082023
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)102024
People Living with HIV56,0002024
Malaria Deaths (estimated)02024
Malaria Incidence (per 1K at risk)02024
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)97%2024
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)97%2024
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)97%2024
Physicians (total)122021
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel202021
Dentists (total)216,3062021
Pharmacists (total)1,7772004
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)3.3%2021
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)3.7%2021
Universal Health Coverage Index712023
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)10,2632021
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$1412023

Energy & Environment

IndicatorValueYear
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)2.52024
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)2922024
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)9282023
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)1,4932023
Renewable Electricity Output (%)12.2%2021
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)6.1%2021
Access to Electricity (%)100.0%2023
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)99.9%2023
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)54.92020
Forest Area (%)0.0%2023
Forest Area (sq km)4502023
Arable Land (%)3.1%2023
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)11.5%2024
Marine Protected Areas (%)4.6%2024
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)97.3%2024
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)97.1%2024

Agriculture

IndicatorValueYear
Agricultural Land (%)4.1%2023
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)7,4022023
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)109.12022
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)105.32022
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)119.42022
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)3.2M2023
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)448,7182023
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)532.82023
Prevalence of Undernourishment (%)9.4%2023
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)7750.0%2022
Cereal Production (metric tons)23.4M2023

Technology

IndicatorValueYear
Internet Users (%)72.7%2023
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)932023
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)10.92023
Secure Internet Servers (per million)82.22024
R&D Spending (% of GDP)1.03%2023
Patent Applications, Residents8812021
Patent Applications, Non-Residents1,3432021
Scientific Journal Articles24,0252022
High-Technology Exports (USD)$887.7M2024
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)5.8%2024
ICT Service Exports (USD)$1.71B2024
Industrial Design Applications, Resident2,2522021
Researchers in R&D (per million)8452023

Infrastructure

IndicatorValueYear
Air Transport, Passengers Carried16.7M2023
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)492.72023
Container Port Traffic (TEU)7.8M2022
Rail Lines (total km)5,1532016
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)1,5922010
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)3.102022
Electricity from Oil (%)11.4%2023
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021

Gender

IndicatorValueYear
Women in Parliament (%)27.7%2024
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)23.8%2024
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)69.7%2025
Girls Out-of-School Rate (%)102.4%2018
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)41.82023
Gender Parity Index, Primary101.782018
Gender Parity Index, Secondary0.992019
Gender Parity in Primary Education1.012019

Governance

IndicatorValueYear
Control of Corruption-0.752023
Government Effectiveness-0.242023
Political Stability-0.872023
Regulatory Quality-0.672023
Rule of Law-0.182023
Voice & Accountability-1.382023
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)24.5%2023
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)42.0%2023
Rule of Law (percentile rank)44.3%2023
Political Stability (percentile rank)16.6%2023

Military

IndicatorValueYear
Military Spending (% of GDP)0.7%2024
Military Expenditure (USD)$2.40B2024
Armed Forces Personnel836,0002020
Armed Forces (% of labor force)2.8%2020
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)2.9%2024

Poverty & Inequality

IndicatorValueYear
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)1.4%2021
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)7.1%2021
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)58.5%2021
Poverty Headcount, National (%)33.5%2021
Gini Index28.52021
Income Share, Top 10%24.6%2021
Income Share, Bottom 10%4.2%2021
Income Share, Top 20%38.6%2021
Income Share, Bottom 20%9.7%2021
Shared Prosperity Premium (%)1.9%2021
Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day)9.032021
Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%)0.2%2021

Social Protection

IndicatorValueYear
Social Assistance Coverage (%)87.8%2019
Labor Market Programs Coverage (%)1.1%2019
Social Protection Coverage (%)87.9%2019
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.492020
Human Capital Index, Female0.512020
Human Capital Index, Male0.482020
Learning-Adjusted Years of School6.5 years2020

Tourism

IndicatorValueYear
International Tourism, Arrivals13.0M2019
Tourism Receipts (USD)$4.87B2020
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$2.58B2020
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)12.2%2020
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$476.0M2020

Urban Development

IndicatorValueYear
Urban Population Growth (%)1.9%2024
Population in Largest City23.1M2025
Population in Largest City (% of urban)45.4%2025
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)24.4%2025
Population in Slums (% of urban)3.8%2022
Rural Population Growth (%)1.6%2024
Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%)78.9%2024
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)57.3%2024

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GDP Rankings →GDP per Capita Rankings →GDP Growth Rankings →Population Rankings →Inflation Rankings →Unemployment Rankings →Life Expectancy Rankings →Debt-to-GDP Rankings →Inequality Rankings →CO₂ Emissions Rankings →

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