Iran, Islamic Rep.
Capital: TehranRegion: Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanIncome: Upper middle income
Iran, Islamic Rep.'s GDP is $375.64B (2026), with a population of 91.6M, and GDP per capita of $4,250. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.1%, inflation at 41.6%, unemployment at 9.2%, government debt at 36.4% of GDP, life expectancy of 77.7 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Iran, Islamic Rep.'s full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 41.6% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 36.4% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -4.3% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 2.0% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 9.2% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 32.5% | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 42,000 | 2023 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 118,268.07 | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 52.1% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 23.6% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 28.5% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $111.93B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $135.50B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $112.56B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $69.41B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.3% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.0% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $1.45B | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 0.8% | 2022 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 2.2% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $9.65B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $215.1M | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $6.32B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 0.1% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $240.7M | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 36.1% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $171.58B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 4.0% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 594 | 2024 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 91.1% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 86.8% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 95.3% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 91.6M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.1% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 56 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 1.7M | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 1.6M | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 77.0% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 70.5M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 23.0% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 77.7 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 75.8 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 79.6 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.7 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 13 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 4.7 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 116,786 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 22.4% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 69.3% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 8.2% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 44.3% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 11.9% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 32.4% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 107.7 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 54.8 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 29.5M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 41.0% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 14.0% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 67.2% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 8.3% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 15.6% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 6.8% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 21.9% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 13.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 34.7% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 51.7% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 40.7% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 39.5% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 57.1% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 20.4% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 3.4% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 16.9% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 37.6% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 42.9% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 24.3% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 2.8% | 2023 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 18.8% | 2022 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 88.9% | 2023 |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 85.1% | 2023 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 92.8% | 2023 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 98.7% | 2023 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 104.7% | 2020 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 85.2% | 2020 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 58.7% | 2022 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 96.3% | 2020 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 86.6% | 2020 |
| Primary School Teachers | 286,476 | 2017 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 299,031 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 29 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 19 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 33.1% | 2018 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 96.0 | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 34.4% | 2018 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 28.2% | 2018 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 9.1 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 829 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 3,266 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,664 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 4.2% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 0.9% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 95.7% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 32.3 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 6.6% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 107,884 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 9.7% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 7.7% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.9% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 97.9% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 90.5% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 29.0% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 2,420 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 83.9 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 77.4 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 99.8 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 8.7M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 764,512 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 68.3 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 6.8% | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 16.9% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 72.3% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 21.0M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 79.6% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 166 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 12 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 7,225.7 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.73% | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 10,210 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 581 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 60,940 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $206.2M | 2022 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 13,903 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 2,240 | 2021 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 18.1M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 136.9 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 1.6M | 2021 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 9,455 | 2021 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 11,231 | 2021 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 32,920 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.30 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 13.5% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 2.2% | 2022 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 4.8% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 14.1% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 63.0% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 104.6% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 26.2 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 105.02 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.99 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.06 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.23 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -1.02 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -1.69 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -1.69 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -1.06 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.45 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 10.4% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 14.2% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 16.0% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 8.1% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 2.0% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $7.89B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 650,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 2.4% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 12.5% | 2024 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 7.5% | 2023 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 36.0% | 2023 |
| Gini Index | 35.9 | 2023 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 28.2% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.8% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 43.3% | 2023 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.0% | 2023 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 0.9% | 2023 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 12.78 | 2023 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.5% | 2023 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 89.9% | 2020 |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 89.9% | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.59 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.61 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.58 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 8.2 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 1.6M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 1.6M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $5.25B | 2018 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $9.27B | 2018 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $228.0M | 2018 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.5% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 9.7M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 13.6% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 25.2% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 44.7% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -0.4% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 94.4% | 2024 |
Explore Rankings
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