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World›East Asia & Pacific›Japan

Japan

JPNEast Asia & PacificHigh incomeCapital: Tokyo
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
74/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$4,624
2027▲ 3.6%
Population
124.0M
2024▼ 0.4%
GDP per Capita
$37,903
2027▲ 4.2%
Life Expectancy
84.0 years
2023▲ 0.1%
Japan in world space2000–2023
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002023
192 countries · log scale on X world Japan· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Japan

Japan's GDP is $4.46T (2026), with a population of 124.0M, and GDP per capita of $36,391. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 0.6%, inflation at 2.1%, unemployment at 2.6%, government debt at 226.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 84.0 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

Located in East Asia & Pacific, this high-income economy ranks fifth globally in GDP, with a total output of $4.46 trillion in 2026. The economy exhibits moderate growth, with a real GDP expansion of 0.6% in 2026. GDP per capita stands at $36,000, reflecting a robust, albeit slowly growing, economic landscape. The country maintains a relatively low unemployment rate of 2.6% in 2026, with a notable trade openness, accounting for 46.4% of GDP in 2024. Foreign direct investment inflows are modest, at 0.4% of GDP in 2024, indicating a focus on domestic economic activities. The economy is characterized by high productivity and technological advancement, with a significant emphasis on manufacturing and services. The society benefits from a high life expectancy of 84.0 years, reflecting strong healthcare outcomes supported by substantial health spending, which constitutes 10.7% of GDP in 2023. The population is approximately 124.0 million as of 2024, with a low fertility rate of 1.2 births per woman in 2023, indicating an aging population. The Gini Index of 32.3 in 2020 suggests a moderate level of income inequality. The country's social indicators highlight a well-developed welfare

▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$4,6242027▲ 3.6%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)0.6%2027▲ 0.0%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$37,9032027▲ 4.2%IMF
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$7,0842027▲ 2.3%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$58,0672027▲ 2.9%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)3.08%2027▼ 2.5%IMF
GNI (Current USD)$4.29T2024▼ 3.9%WB
GNI per Capita (USD)$36,0002024▼ 8.5%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$55,4902024▲ 3.4%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)28.6%2023▲ 3.2%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)69.8%2023▼ 0.8%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)0.9%2023▲ 1.7%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)21.6%2022▲ 1.5%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)55.5%2022▲ 3.8%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)26.2%2024▼ 0.0%WB
Gross Savings (% of GNI)31.1%2024▲ 3.6%WB
GDP Deflator (%)2.9%2024▼ 29.0%WB
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$84,3542024▼ 0.4%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)20.6%2023▲ 3.8%WB
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)54.7%2022▼ 0.0%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$30,5202021▼ 2.5%WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)3.6%2021▼ 25.0%WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)-0.9%2024▲ 40.0%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021▲ 83.2%WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.01%2021▼ 89.4%WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021▲ 213.9%WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.01%2021▲ 81.9%WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)0.0%2021▼ 51.2%WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.03%2021▲ 21.9%WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$1.21T2023▲ 2.0%WB
▶Stock Markets1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Nikkei 22556,924.112026▲ 13.1%WB
▶Financial Markets4 indicators · 2025–2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
10-Year Government Bond Yield (%)1.55%2025▲ 69.2%WB
Central Bank Policy Rate (%)0.47%2025▲ 288.9%WB
Exchange Rate (per USD)159.222026—WB
Exchange Rate (per EUR)169.042025▲ 3.2%WB
▶Currencies1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
USD/JPY159.252026▲ 1.8%WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary12 indicators · 2022–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)2.0%2027▼ 4.8%IMF
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)224.5%2027▼ 1.0%IMF
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-2.5%2027▼ 25.0%IMF
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)3.6%2027▲ 0.0%IMF
Unemployment Rate (%)2.6%2027▲ 0.0%IMF
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)2.7%2024▼ 16.2%WB
Government Expenditure (% of GDP)20.9%2022▼ 3.2%WB
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$1.23T2024▼ 4.9%WB
Total Reserves (months of imports)132024▼ 3.5%WB
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)151.372024▲ 7.7%WB
PPP Conversion Factor94.462024▲ 0.7%WB
Broad Money (% of GDP)267.4%2024▼ 2.8%WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)46.4%2024▲ 2.8%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)22.8%2024▲ 4.2%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)23.6%2024▲ 1.5%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$917.04B2024▼ 0.4%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$952.04B2024▼ 3.0%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$707.01B2024▼ 1.4%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$743.50B2024▼ 5.4%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)0.4%2024▼ 15.4%WB
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)5.0%2024▲ 8.4%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$16.16B2024▼ 19.1%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$4.64B2024▼ 1.4%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)0.1%2024▲ 3.1%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)17.6%2024▲ 2.6%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)4.8%2024▲ 29.8%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$194.26B2024▲ 24.1%WB
▶Finance11 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP)371.8%2024▼ 2.0%WB
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)196.8%2024▲ 0.8%WB
Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP)156.7%2024▲ 7.4%WB
Stock Market Capitalization (USD)$6.31T2024▲ 2.6%WB
Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP)183.3%2024▲ 21.3%WB
Listed Domestic Companies3,9712024▲ 1.1%WB
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)4.1%2022▼ 14.7%WB
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)1.2%2022▲ 0.5%WB
Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%)98.5%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Account Ownership, Female (%)98.7%2024▼ 0.1%WB
Account Ownership, Male (%)98.3%2024▲ 0.2%WB
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population124.0M2024▼ 0.4%WB
Population Growth (%)-0.4%2024▲ 10.6%WB
Population Density (per km²)3422023▼ 0.5%WB
Surface Area (sq km)377,9692023▲ 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)364,5692023▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)92.2%2024▲ 0.1%WB
Urban Population (total)114.3M2024▼ 0.3%WB
Rural Population (%)7.8%2024▼ 1.4%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth84.0 years2023▲ 0.1%WB
Life Expectancy, Male81.1 years2023▲ 0.0%WB
Life Expectancy, Female87.1 years2023▲ 0.1%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)1.22023▼ 4.8%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)62023▼ 4.8%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)132023▲ 0.8%WB
Net Migration140,5792025▼ 8.3%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)11.4%2024▼ 1.8%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)58.8%2024▼ 0.0%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)29.8%2024▲ 0.7%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)70.1%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)50.7%2024▲ 0.8%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)19.5%2024▼ 1.8%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)65.72023▲ 0.9%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)36.72023▼ 0.4%WB
▶Labor19 indicators · 2019–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force69.4M2025▼ 0.2%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)63.4%2025▲ 0.2%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)55.9%2025▲ 0.6%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)71.5%2025▼ 0.0%WB
Unemployment (%)2.5%2025▼ 2.0%WB
Female Unemployment (%)2.3%2025▼ 1.8%WB
Male Unemployment (%)2.6%2025▼ 2.0%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)3.9%2025▼ 0.8%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)2.8%2025▼ 2.4%WB
Employment in Industry (%)23.2%2025▼ 0.5%WB
Employment in Services (%)74.0%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Self-Employed (%)63.3%2024▲ 0.7%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)7.5%2025▼ 1.9%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)90.9%2025▲ 0.2%WB
Employers (% of total employment)1.6%2025▼ 3.2%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)45.4%2025▲ 0.4%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)61.9%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)9.1%2025▼ 2.1%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)3.1%2019—WB
▶Education12 indicators · 2016–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Education Spending (% of GDP)3.3%2021▲ 0.9%WB
Primary School Enrollment (%)102.5%2023▲ 0.3%WB
Secondary School Enrollment (%)102.3%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)64.9%2023▲ 0.4%WB
Out-of-School Children, Primary3,9712023▼ 33.5%WB
Primary School Teachers440,8642023▲ 0.5%WB
Secondary School Teachers627,7772023▼ 0.3%WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary162017—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary112017—WB
Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap)35.1%2016—WB
Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt)42.0%2016—WB
Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt)19.8%2016—WB
▶Health36 indicators · 2010–2024 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)10.7%2023▼ 12.8%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$3,6382023▼ 13.4%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)9.1%2023▼ 14.1%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)12.2%2023▲ 9.8%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)2.62022—WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)132022▲ 5.1%WHO
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)12.62022▼ 0.1%WHO
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)2.42023▲ 0.0%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)0.82023▲ 0.0%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)32023▼ 40.0%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)2.22023▲ 0.0%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)2.52023▲ 0.0%WHO
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)10.3%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)84.8%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)4.9%2019—WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)95.0%2024▲ 1.1%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)99.0%2024▲ 1.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)102024▲ 0.0%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)28.7%2022▼ 2.7%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)9.6%2022▼ 2.0%WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)17.42021▲ 1.6%WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)6.42020—WHO
Maternal Deaths232023▼ 45.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)9.82024▲ 0.0%WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)99%2024▲ 1.0%WHO
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)95%2024▲ 1.1%WHO
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)95%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Physicians (total)262022▲ 2.2%WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel1242022▲ 0.8%WHO
Dentists (total)1.5M2022▼ 0.3%WHO
Pharmacists (total)33,1002022▲ 0.3%WHO
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)2.4%2010—WHO
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)3.4%2010—WHO
Universal Health Coverage Index862023▲ 1.2%WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)3,3042021—WHO
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$3,6382023▼ 13.4%WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)7.82024▼ 2.6%WB
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)9722024▼ 3.0%WB
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)3,0392023▼ 2.9%WB
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)7,6552023▼ 1.9%WB
Renewable Electricity Output (%)21.1%2021▲ 4.0%WB
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)8.8%2021▲ 3.5%WB
Access to Electricity (%)100.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)100.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)12.82020—WB
Forest Area (%)68.4%2023▼ 0.0%WB
Forest Area (sq km)249,3502023▲ 0.0%WB
Arable Land (%)11.1%2023▼ 0.6%WB
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)15.1%2024▼ 0.7%WB
Marine Protected Areas (%)13.8%2024▼ 0.7%WB
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)99.2%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)99.9%2024▼ 0.0%WHO
▶Agriculture10 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Agricultural Land (%)12.6%2023▼ 0.6%WB
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)6,2452023▼ 1.2%WB
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)100.32022▼ 0.1%WB
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)94.62022▼ 1.3%WB
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)104.82022▲ 0.7%WB
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)1.8M2023▼ 0.7%WB
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)2.9M2023▼ 2.5%WB
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)202.82023▲ 0.5%WB
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)18.5%2022▲ 0.0%WB
Cereal Production (metric tons)11.5M2023▼ 1.9%WB
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Internet Users (%)87.0%2023▲ 2.4%WB
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)1782023▲ 5.8%WB
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)38.62023▲ 4.9%WB
Secure Internet Servers (per million)32,928.82024▲ 3.9%WB
R&D Spending (% of GDP)3.41%2022▲ 3.9%WB
Patent Applications, Residents222,4522021▼ 2.2%WB
Patent Applications, Non-Residents66,7482021▲ 9.2%WB
Scientific Journal Articles103,7232022▼ 4.9%WB
High-Technology Exports (USD)$102.45B2024▼ 0.1%WB
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)4.8%2024▼ 14.3%WB
ICT Service Exports (USD)$11.01B2024▼ 6.4%WB
Industrial Design Applications, Resident22,0512021▼ 1.5%WB
Researchers in R&D (per million)5,6302022▲ 0.7%WB
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2011–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Air Transport, Passengers Carried120.3M2023▲ 39.2%WB
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)8,4742023▼ 12.5%WB
Container Port Traffic (TEU)22.5M2022▲ 0.7%WB
Rail Lines (total km)20,0872011—WB
Railways, Passengers (million km)263,2112020—WB
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)18,3402020—WB
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)3.902022—WB
Electricity from Oil (%)3.0%2023▼ 28.5%WB
Electricity from Nuclear (%)8.4%2023▲ 52.2%WB
▶Gender6 indicators · 2019–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Women in Parliament (%)15.7%2024▲ 51.8%WB
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)55.6%2024▲ 1.3%WB
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)92.5%2025▲ 0.2%WB
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)1.72023▼ 4.6%WB
Gender Parity Index, Secondary1.002019—WB
Gender Parity in Primary Education1.002019—WB
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption1.42023▼ 9.4%WB
Government Effectiveness1.632023▲ 0.7%WB
Political Stability0.952023▼ 7.9%WB
Regulatory Quality1.472023▲ 2.1%WB
Rule of Law1.542023▼ 1.4%WB
Voice & Accountability1.112023▲ 8.3%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)90.1%2023▼ 0.5%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)96.7%2023▲ 0.5%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)92.5%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)81.5%2023▼ 4.0%WB
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Military Spending (% of GDP)1.4%2024▲ 20.3%WB
Military Expenditure (USD)$55.27B2024▲ 14.7%WB
Armed Forces Personnel261,0002020—WB
Armed Forces (% of labor force)0.4%2020—WB
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)3.3%2024▲ 17.4%WB
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)0.22023▼ 0.9%WB
▶Poverty & Inequality11 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)1.2%2020—WB
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)1.5%2020—WB
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)3.2%2020—WB
Gini Index32.32020—WB
Income Share, Top 10%23.9%2020—WB
Income Share, Bottom 10%2.4%2020—WB
Income Share, Top 20%39.0%2020—WB
Income Share, Bottom 20%6.9%2020—WB
Shared Prosperity Premium (%)0.4%2020—WB
Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day)48.112020—WB
Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%)0.5%2020—WB
▶Social Protection2 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.802020—WB
Learning-Adjusted Years of School11.7 years2020—WB
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
International Tourism, Arrivals4.1M2020—WB
International Tourism, Departures3.2M2020—WB
Tourism Receipts (USD)$11.39B2020—WB
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$6.74B2020—WB
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)1.4%2020—WB
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$798.0M2020—WB
▶Urban Development8 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Urban Population Growth (%)-0.3%2024▲ 14.5%WB
Population in Largest City37.0M2025▼ 0.2%WB
Population in Largest City (% of urban)32.6%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)65.7%2025▲ 0.4%WB
Population in Slums (% of urban)2.0%2022—WB
Rural Population Growth (%)-1.8%2024▲ 0.2%WB
Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%)98.7%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)99.2%2024▲ 0.0%WHO

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