Ghana
Capital: AccraRegion: Sub-Saharan Africa Income: Lower middle income
GDP
$113.49B
2026
Population
34.4M
2024
GDP per Capita
$3K
2026
Life Expectancy
65.5 years
2023
Economy
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (Current USD, Billions) | $113.49B | 2026 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 4.8% | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | $3K | 2026 |
| GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $) | $314.59B | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $) | $9K | 2026 |
| Share of World GDP, PPP (%) | 0.14% | 2026 |
| GNI (Current USD) | $79.23B | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita (USD) | $2K | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita, PPP (USD) | $8K | 2024 |
| Industry Value Added (% of GDP) | 31.5% | 2024 |
| Services Value Added (% of GDP) | 40.9% | 2024 |
| Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP) | 20.9% | 2024 |
| Government Consumption (% of GDP) | 4.9% | 2024 |
| Household Consumption (% of GDP) | 84.0% | 2024 |
| Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP) | 10.0% | 2024 |
| Gross Savings (% of GNI) | 14.0% | 2024 |
| GDP Deflator (%) | 24.7% | 2024 |
| GDP per Person Employed (USD) | $19K | 2024 |
| Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP) | 9.8% | 2024 |
| Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total) | 10.8% | 2022 |
| Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD) | $2K | 2021 |
| Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI) | 3.8% | 2021 |
| External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| Coal Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2021 |
| Mineral Rents (% of GDP) | 5.17% | 2021 |
| Oil Rents (% of GDP) | 4.06% | 2021 |
| Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP) | 0.37% | 2021 |
| Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) | 13.3% | 2021 |
| Forest Rents (% of GDP) | 3.76% | 2021 |
| Industry Value Added (Current USD) | $25.94B | 2024 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 9.9% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 56.1% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -1.9% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 1.7% | 2026 |
| Total Investment (% of GDP) | 12.6% | 2026 |
| Gross National Savings (% of GDP) | 14.7% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 22.8% | 2024 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 11.4% | 2023 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 15.6% | 2022 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 12.3% | 2022 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 32.5% | 2022 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 39.8% | 2022 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 3.0% | 2022 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $3.62B | 2023 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 1.4 | 2023 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 14.18 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 29.9% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 69.8% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 34.3% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $29.20B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $28.24B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $20.22B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $15.24B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 2.1% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.0% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $1.77B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $3.03B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 3.7% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 2.1% | 2023 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 2.0% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $1.68B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 46.9% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $37.41B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 3.4% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $23.59B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $4.66B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 2.1% | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 9.4% | 2023 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 9.2% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $7.58B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 30 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 5.2% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 20.6% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 81.2% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 78.3% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 84.4% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 14.1% | 2023 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 28 | 2023 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 22.7% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 35.0% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 19.8% | 2023 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 17 years | 2023 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 55.7% | 2023 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 34.4M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 148 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 238,539 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 227,533 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 58.4% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 20.1M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 41.6% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 65.5 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 63.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 67.9 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 3.4 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 26.3 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7.0 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -17,079 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 35.8% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 60.5% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 3.7% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 65.4% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 267.4 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 192.8 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 13.3M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 58.5% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 55.3% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.8% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 3.0% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 3.2% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 2.8% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 5.8% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 34.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 18.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 47.2% | 2025 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 60.0% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 32.5% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 49.3% | 2022 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 7.5% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.6% | 2025 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 2.9% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 13.2% | 2022 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 76.5% | 2021 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 81.3% | 2021 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 91.5% | 2021 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 98.2% | 2022 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 77.8% | 2022 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 22.1% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 93.4% | 2022 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 472,753 | 2021 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 427,902 | 2021 |
| Primary School Teachers | 172,817 | 2021 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 195,899 | 2021 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 27 | 2019 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 15 | 2019 |
Health
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Health Spending (% of GDP) | 2.9% | 2023 |
| Health Spending per Capita (USD) | $70 | 2023 |
| Government Health Spending (% of GDP) | 1.9% | 2023 |
| Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total) | 26.7% | 2023 |
| Physicians (per 1,000 people) | 0.3 | 2023 |
| Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000) | 4.1 | 2023 |
| Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births) | 37.1 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000) | 32.8 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000) | 41.1 | 2023 |
| Cause of Death, Communicable (%) | 45.2% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%) | 45.4% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Injury (%) | 9.4% | 2019 |
| Measles Immunization (% of children) | 90.0% | 2024 |
| DPT Immunization (% of children) | 95.0% | 2024 |
| HIV Incidence (per 1,000) | 0.47 | 2024 |
| Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000) | 126 | 2024 |
| Stunting, Children Under 5 (%) | 17.4% | 2022 |
| Overweight, Children Under 5 (%) | 2.0% | 2022 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Males (%) | 6.5% | 2022 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Females (%) | 0.3% | 2022 |
| Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000) | 5.3 | 2021 |
| Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita) | 4.3 | 2020 |
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 359 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 553 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 34.9% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 39.0% | 2021 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 32.8% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 54.2 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 35.2% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 80,074 | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 7.7% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 89.9% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 31.6% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 55.4% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 2,688 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 135.5 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 137.1 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 119.2 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 2.1M | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 28.9 | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 4.8% | 2022 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 69.9% | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0.6 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 48.9 | 2024 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 12 | 2020 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 8 | 2020 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 3,075 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $20.8M | 2023 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 1.4% | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 924 | 2020 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 440,680 | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0.0 | 2019 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 1.2M | 2022 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.50 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 1.3% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 14.5% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 62.1% | 2022 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 26.3% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 104.5% | 2019 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 58.2 | 2023 |
| Women Who Believe Husband Can Beat Wife (%) | 19.3% | 2022 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.00 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.10 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.09 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.18 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.41 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 51.4% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 47.2% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 49.5% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 45.5% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2024 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.1% | 2020 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 1.8 | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.45 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.46 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.44 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 6.0 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $191.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $946.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 0.9% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $81.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population in Largest City | 4.0M | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 19.5% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 33.5% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 0.5% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 18.8% | 2024 |