GDP
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Bhutan
BTNSouth AsiaLower middle incomeCapital: ThimphuEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
73/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$3.91B
2026 (IMF projection)▲ 11.4%
Population
796,682
2025▲ 0.7%
GDP per Capita
$4,933
2026 (IMF projection)▲ 11.1%
Life Expectancy
73.3 years
2024▲ 0.4%
Monthly & quarterly economy
All reviewed economic seriesEach measure keeps its own source, unit and reference period. Open its history for definitions, source evidence and, where the terms allow, downloads.
Inflation
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Jobs
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Trade
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Production
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Bhutan: GDP per capita and life expectancy2000 to 2024
192 countries · log scale on X world Bhutan· line: Bhutan, 2000 to 2024Each dot is a country's latest readings: GDP per capita mostly 2026 (IMF projection), life expectancy 2024.
▶About Bhutan
Bhutan's GDP is $3.91B (2026, IMF projection), with a population of 796,682 (2025) and GDP per capita of $4,933 (2026, IMF projection). Key indicators: real GDP growth of 7.0% and inflation at 5.6% (all 2026, IMF projections); unemployment at 3.5% (2023); government debt at 116.2% of GDP (2026, IMF projection); life expectancy of 73.3 years (2024). Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy31 indicators · 2021 to 2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary22 indicators · 2020 to 2026 · IMF / WB
▶Trade14 indicators · 2023 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 79.4% | 2024 | ▼ 2.4 pp | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 31.5% | 2024 | ▲ 3.1 pp | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 47.9% | 2024 | ▼ 5.5 pp | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $1.05B | 2024 | ▲ 23.2% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $1.60B | 2024 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $800.0M | 2025 | ▲ 7.1% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $2.18B | 2025 | ▲ 50.6% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $8.5M | 2025 | ▲ 202.4% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $109.6M | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 3.3% | 2024 | ▼ 0.3 pp | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 0.0% | 2023 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -19.4% | 2024 | ▲ 14.5 pp | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | -$649.3M | 2024 | ▲ $372.3M | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023 to 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 114.5% | 2023 | ▼ 0.5 pp | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $3.40B | 2024 | ▲ 4.1% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 5.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $2.88B | 2024 | – | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $33.3M | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 5.5% | 2023 | ▼ 1.6 pp | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $156.8M | 2023 | ▼ 19.7% | WB |
▶Finance8 indicators · 2014 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 97.5% | 2025 | ▲ 4.0 pp | WB |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 71.6% | 2025 | ▲ 3.2 pp | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 7.9% | 2024 | ▼ 0.5 pp | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 2.2% | 2024 | ▼ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Financial Institution or Mobile-Money Account Ownership (Age 15+, %) | 33.7% | 2014 | – | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 27.7% | 2014 | – | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 39.0% | 2014 | – | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 26.9% | 2024 | ▼ 5.3 ppsince 2015 | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 10 | 2024 | ▼ 52.9%since 2015 | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 1.8% | 2024 | ▲ 1.7 ppsince 2015 | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 31.3% | 2024 | ▼ 12.0 ppsince 2015 | WB |
| Firms with a Female Top Manager (%) | 21.4% | 2024 | ▼ 4.9 ppsince 2015 | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 14.9% | 2024 | ▼ 11.1 ppsince 2015 | WB |
| Time to Obtain an Operating License (days) | 5.3 | 2024 | ▲ 323.9%since 2015 | WB |
| Firms Competing with Unregistered Firms (%) | 13.8% | 2024 | ▲ 6.6 ppsince 2015 | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2024 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 796,682 | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 0.6% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 21 | 2024 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 38,390 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 38,140 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 43.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.9 pp | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 346,000 | 2025 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 56.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.9 pp | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 73.3 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 71.6 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 75.3 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.4 | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 12.5 | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 6.1 | 2024 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Net Migration | 455 | 2025 | ▲ 732 | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 20.4% | 2025 | ▼ 0.5 pp | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 73.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4 pp | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 6.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 37.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.8 pp | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 9.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 27.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.9 pp | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 137 | 2024 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 96.7 | 2024 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 411,263 | 2025 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 64.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 56.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 71.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 3.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 4.1% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 2.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 17.1% | 2025 | ▼ 0.9 pp | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 42.4% | 2025 | ▼ 0.8 pp | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 15.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4 pp | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 41.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5 pp | WB |
| Labor Force Participation, Age 15+ (National Estimate, %) | 64.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.9 pp | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 69.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4 pp | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 30.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4 pp | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 15.1% | 2025 | ▲ 3.4 pp | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 0.5% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 40.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 62.7% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 69.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4 pp | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 15.3% | 2025 | ▼ 5.2 pp | WB |
▶Education21 indicators · 2014 to 2025 · WB
▶Health51 indicators · 2010 to 2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2007 to 2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Excluding LULUCF (t CO2e) | 2 | 2024 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions, Excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) | 2 | 2024 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 360 | 2007 | ▲ 14.3% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 100.0% | 2021 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 82.5% | 2022 | ▲ 0.7 pp | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 93.0% | 2024 | ▲ 1.0 pp | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 30.1 | 2023 | ▲ 17.2% | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 70.4% | 2024 | ▼ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 26,747 | 2025 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 2.6% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas (%) | 51.6% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 99.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 86.8% | 2024 | ▲ 1.5 pp | WHO |
| Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO) | 29.5 | 2023 | – | WHO |
| Air Pollution Mortality (household + ambient, age-standardized) | 62.5 | 2021 | – | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022 to 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 13.8% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,552 | 2024 | ▲ 2.6% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 82.5 | 2024 | ▲ 7.0% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 74.5 | 2024 | ▲ 9.5% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 128.9 | 2024 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 20,654 | 2024 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 5 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 11.7 | 2024 | ▲ 19.0% | WB |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 6.8% | 2024 | – | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 0.4% | 2022 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 73,368 | 2024 | ▲ 4.8% | WB |
▶Technology13 indicators · 2023 to 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 91.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.3 pp | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 100 | 2024 | ▲ 4.3% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 2.9 | 2024 | ▲ 121.5% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 1,339.2 | 2024 | ▲ 9.1% | WB |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.10% | 2024 | ▼ 0.01 pp | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 6 | 2024 | ▲ 500.0% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 12 | 2023 | ▲ 140.0% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 103 | 2023 | ▼ 12.1% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $27,754 | 2023 | ▼ 21.7% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 0.4% | 2024 | ▼ 0.3 pp | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $1.3M | 2024 | ▲ 43.7% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 3 | 2024 | ▲ 50.0% | WB |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 236 | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
▶Infrastructure5 indicators · 2021 to 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 189,878 | 2023 | ▲ 45.5% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0.5 | 2023 | ▼ 93.2% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.50 | 2022 | ▲ 15.2%since 2018 | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | 0.0 pp | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2018 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 4.3% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 55.4% | 2025 | ▲ 2.4 pp | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 17.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3 pp | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Female (%) | 104.6% | 2018 | ▲ 5.2 pp | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 8.7 | 2024 | ▼ 7.0% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Total (%) | 105.1% | 2018 | ▲ 4.4 pp | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.13 | 2018 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.04 | 2021 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
▶Governance12 indicators · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 1.47 | 2025 | 0 | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.71 | 2025 | ▲ 0.13 | WB |
| Political Stability | 1.39 | 2025 | ▲ 0.03 | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.09 | 2025 | ▲ 0.02 | WB |
| Rule of Law | 0.72 | 2025 | ▼ 0.08 | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.21 | 2025 | 0 | WB |
| Control of Corruption Score (0-100) | 77.8 | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 | WB |
| Government Effectiveness Score (0-100) | 66.8 | 2025 | ▲ 2.7 | WB |
| Political Stability Score (0-100) | 90 | 2025 | ▲ 0.5 | WB |
| Regulatory Quality Score (0-100) | 53.9 | 2025 | ▲ 0.3 | WB |
| Rule of Law Score (0-100) | 70.5 | 2025 | ▼ 1.3 | WB |
| Voice & Accountability Score (0-100) | 61.6 | 2025 | 0 | WB |
▶Military3 indicators · 2000 to 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armed Forces Personnel | 6,000 | 2000 | – | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 2.3% | 2000 | – | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 2.5 | 2020 | ▲ 135.9% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2017 to 2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %) | 0.0% | 2022 | ▼ 2.6 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Poverty at $4.20/day (2021 PPP, %) | 0.4% | 2022 | ▼ 9.2 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Poverty at $8.30/day (2021 PPP, %) | 9.0% | 2022 | ▼ 33.5 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 12.4% | 2022 | – | WB |
| Gini Index | 28.5 | 2022 | ▼ 23.8%since 2017 | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 22.7% | 2022 | ▼ 5.2 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 3.6% | 2022 | ▲ 0.9 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 37.3% | 2022 | ▼ 7.1 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 8.8% | 2022 | ▲ 2.1 ppsince 2017 | WB |
| Growth in Survey Mean Income or Consumption, Total Population (%) | 1.7% | 2017 | – | WB |
| Survey Mean Income or Consumption (2021 PPP $/person/day) | 12.34 | 2017 | ▲ 8.6%since 2012 | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %) | 0.0% | 2022 | ▼ 0.4 ppsince 2017 | WB |
▶Social Protection7 indicators · 2020 to 2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 1.8% | 2022 | ▲ 0.9 ppsince 2017 | – |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 7.2% | 2022 | ▲ 5.3 ppsince 2017 | – |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 9.0% | 2022 | ▲ 6.1 ppsince 2017 | – |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.48 | 2020 | – | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.47 | 2020 | – | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.47 | 2020 | – | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 6.3 years | 2020 | – | WB |
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2018 to 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 29,800 | 2020 | ▼ 90.6% | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 72,000 | 2019 | – | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $84.0M | 2020 | ▼ 30.0% | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $50.0M | 2020 | ▼ 25.4% | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 10.7% | 2020 | ▼ 4.8 pp | WB |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $18.0M | 2018 | ▼ 62.5% | WB |
▶Urban Development5 indicators · 2022 to 2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 2.7% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 44.7% | 2022 | ▼ 5.7 ppsince 2020 | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -0.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 65.6% | 2024 | ▼ 1.1 pp | WHO |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 49.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.4 pp | WHO |
▶About these figures
Each row shows the latest figure available for Bhutan up to this year, with the year it refers to. Publishers release on different schedules, so the years differ from row to row.
IMF projection: a forecast from the IMF World Economic Outlook, revised at each release, not a measured value.
Change compares a reading with the one before it. Figures measured in percent, such as growth, inflation or a share of GDP, change by percentage points (pp). Amounts and counts, such as GDP or population, change by percent. When either reading is zero or negative, as a current account balance can be, or the figure is a governance score centred on zero, the change is shown in the figure's own unit. When the earlier reading is more than a year older, the year it is measured from is shown. A dash means there is no earlier reading.
