Ghana · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
43.32023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghana | 2010 | 36.271850261 | 24.308583121 | 52.825355139 | — |
| Ghana | 2011 | 40.627732876 | 26.922796993 | 60.337159773 | — |
| Ghana | 2012 | 39.724178197 | 26.455588654 | 59.014508117 | — |
| Ghana | 2013 | 37.088646575 | 24.975129924 | 55.074477131 | — |
| Ghana | 2014 | 35.647036079 | 23.837037342 | 52.21525206 | — |
| Ghana | 2015 | 47.348711709 | 31.666311829 | 72.386752017 | — |
| Ghana | 2016 | 44.800388106 | 29.838776673 | 67.498230073 | — |
| Ghana | 2017 | 41.651849016 | 27.595177827 | 61.743105296 | — |
| Ghana | 2018 | 41.591750801 | 27.911589205 | 61.969547333 | — |
| Ghana | 2019 | 37.580054716 | 25.351629882 | 55.468327535 | — |
| Ghana | 2020 | 43.849715413 | 29.242954312 | 65.550451004 | — |
| Ghana | 2021 | 41.129963171 | 27.388570836 | 60.420997803 | — |
| Ghana | 2022 | 42.723191499 | 28.354074631 | 62.79230371 | — |
| Ghana | 2023 | 43.257729686 | 28.764011339 | 64.558093956 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.