Indonesia

IDNEast Asia & PacificUpper middle incomeCapital: Jakarta
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
75/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
Indonesia in world space2000–2023
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002023
192 countries · log scale on X world Indonesia· trajectory line: 1980 → today
About Indonesia

Indonesia's GDP is $1.55T (2026), with a population of 283.5M, and GDP per capita of $5,398. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.9%, inflation at 2.9%, unemployment at 5.0%, government debt at 41.1% of GDP, life expectancy of 71.1 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

Situated in East Asia & Pacific, this upper middle-income country boasts a robust economy, ranking 17th globally in GDP with an estimated $1.55 trillion in 2026. The economy is projected to grow at a real GDP rate of 4.9% in 2026, with a GDP per capita of $5,000. The country's trade openness is significant, with trade accounting for 42.6% of GDP in 2024. Foreign direct investment inflows constitute 1.7% of GDP, indicating a moderate level of international investment. The inflation rate is expected to be 2.9% in 2026, while the unemployment rate is projected to be 5.0%, slightly higher than the 3.2% observed in 2025. The population is approximately 283.5 million in 2024, with a life expectancy at birth of 71.1 years in 2023. The fertility rate stands at 2.1 births per woman, reflecting a stable population growth. Health spending is relatively low at 2.7% of GDP in 2023. The Gini Index of 34.9 in 2024 indicates moderate income inequality. These indicators highlight both the economic potential and the social challenges facing the country.

Economy30 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$1,6632027 7.2%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)5.0%2027 2.0%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$5,7362027 6.3%IMF
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$5,7182027 6.7%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$19,7272027 5.7%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)2.49%2027 1.7%IMF
GNI (Current USD)$1.36T2024 1.8%WB
GNI per Capita (USD)$4,9102024 2.1%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$16,0102024 6.7%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)39.3%2024 2.2%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)43.8%2024 2.1%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)12.6%2024 0.6%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)7.7%2024 3.7%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)55.4%2024 1.8%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)31.4%2024 3.5%WB
Gross Savings (% of GNI)34.7%2024 3.4%WB
GDP Deflator (%)0.9%2024 41.7%WB
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$29,2172024 3.7%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)19.0%2024 1.7%WB
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)29.8%2022 0.0%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$3,1892021 8.7%WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)10.8%2021WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)1.8%2024 17.4%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)1.22%2021WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)1.91%2021WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.77%2021WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.84%2021 53.8%WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)5.2%2021WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.42%2021WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$549.00B2024 0.4%WB
Stock Markets1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Jakarta Composite7,458.52026 13.7%WB
Financial Markets3 indicators · 2025–2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Central Bank Policy Rate (%)5.04%2025 17.0%WB
Exchange Rate (per USD)17,090.842026WB
Exchange Rate (per EUR)18,623.062025 8.5%WB
Currencies1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
USD/IDR17,0902026 2.3%WB
Fiscal & Monetary14 indicators · 2024–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)2.5%2027 13.8%IMF
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)41.4%2027 0.7%IMF
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-2.7%2027 0.0%IMF
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-1.2%2027 0.0%IMF
Unemployment Rate (%)5.0%2027 0.0%IMF
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)2.2%2024 40.5%WB
Real Interest Rate (%)7.8%2024 7.5%WB
Lending Interest Rate (%)8.8%2024 1.5%WB
Deposit Interest Rate (%)5.4%2024 17.1%WB
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$155.71B2024 6.4%WB
Total Reserves (months of imports)5.72024 0.2%WB
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)15,855.452024 4.1%WB
PPP Conversion Factor4,747.912024 1.5%WB
Broad Money (% of GDP)41.8%2024 1.1%WB
Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)42.6%2024 3.0%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)22.2%2024 2.0%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)20.4%2024 4.1%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$309.75B2024 3.8%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$284.70B2024 6.0%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$264.71B2024 2.3%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$233.66B2024 5.3%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)1.7%2024 10.5%WB
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)0.6%2024 15.7%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$24.25B2024 12.5%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$16.04B2024 10.9%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)1.1%2024 8.9%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)8.7%2024 4.1%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-0.6%2024 319.6%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$-8.72B2024 327.3%WB
External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
External Debt (% of GNI)31.0%2024 3.5%WB
External Debt Stocks (USD)$421.06B2024 5.4%WB
Total Debt Service (% of GNI)5.6%2024 24.2%WB
Present Value of External Debt (USD)$224.13B2024WB
Use of IMF Credit (USD)$8.39B2024 2.8%WB
Net ODA Received (% of GNI)0.1%2023 66.3%WB
Net ODA Received (USD)$1.16B2023 73.0%WB
Finance12 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
Business Environment1 indicator · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Time to Get Electricity (days)52023WB
Private Sector6 indicators · 2023 · WB
People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population283.5M2024 0.8%WB
Population Growth (%)0.8%2024 3.4%WB
Population Density (per km²)1492023 0.8%WB
Surface Area (sq km)1.9M2023 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)1.9M2023 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)58.8%2024 1.1%WB
Urban Population (total)166.6M2024 1.9%WB
Rural Population (%)41.2%2024 1.5%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth71.1 years2023 0.3%WB
Life Expectancy, Male69.0 years2023 0.2%WB
Life Expectancy, Female73.3 years2023 0.4%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)2.12023 1.0%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)15.92023 1.6%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)7.52023 0.5%WB
Net Migration-39,5092025 2.7%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)24.6%2024 1.4%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)68.1%2024 0.1%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)7.3%2024 3.4%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)46.8%2024 0.4%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)10.7%2024 3.3%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)36.1%2024 1.5%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)189.32023 0.9%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)137.92023 2.2%WB
Labor20 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force147.1M2025 1.3%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)68.0%2025 0.1%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)53.7%2025 0.2%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)82.3%2025 0.1%WB
Unemployment (%)3.2%2025 1.9%WB
Female Unemployment (%)3.0%2025 2.0%WB
Male Unemployment (%)3.4%2025 1.9%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)13.0%2025 0.7%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)27.3%2025 2.4%WB
Employment in Industry (%)22.5%2025 1.1%WB
Employment in Services (%)50.2%2025 0.8%WB
Self-Employed (%)67.9%2023 1.3%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)50.0%2025 0.7%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)46.7%2025 0.7%WB
Part-Time Employment (%)38.2%2023 2.4%WB
Employers (% of total employment)3.4%2025 0.2%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)39.6%2025 0.2%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)65.8%2025 0.1%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)53.3%2025 0.6%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)21.4%2023 4.3%WB
Education19 indicators · 2015–2025 · WB
Health42 indicators · 2019–2024 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)2.7%2023 0.3%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$1322023 3.4%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)1.4%2023 3.9%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)31.1%2023 5.7%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)0.52023 23.1%WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)3.22023 21.4%WHO
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)1.42023 2.1%WHO
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)20.62023 3.3%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)10.52023 3.7%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)1402023 5.4%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)18.52023 3.1%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)22.62023 3.4%WHO
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)18.9%2019WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)76.3%2019WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)4.7%2019WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)85.0%2024 3.7%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)78.0%2024 6.0%WHO
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.12024 0.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)3822024 1.5%WHO
Stunting, Children Under 5 (%)22.0%2023 1.9%WHO
Overweight, Children Under 5 (%)4.3%2023 19.4%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)73.1%2022 1.0%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)3.3%2022 2.9%WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)1.22021WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)0.12020WHO
Maternal Deaths6,2982023 6.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)3822024 1.5%WHO
People Living with HIV570,0002024 0.0%WHO
Malaria Deaths (estimated)1,1382024 29.6%WHO
Malaria Incidence (per 1K at risk)2.22024 22.7%WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)78%2024 6.0%WHO
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)85%2024 3.7%WHO
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)78%2024 6.0%WHO
Physicians (total)62024 6.7%WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel332024 1.9%WHO
Dentists (total)587,9462024 2.4%WHO
Pharmacists (total)347,4662024 3.2%WHO
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)8.4%2023 12.0%WHO
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)15.9%2023 5.4%WHO
Universal Health Coverage Index672023 1.5%WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)31,0632021WHO
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$1322023 3.4%WHO
Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
Technology13 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
Infrastructure9 indicators · 2019–2023 · WB
Gender8 indicators · 2018–2025 · WB
Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption-0.492023 11.8%WB
Government Effectiveness0.582023 33.1%WB
Political Stability-0.42023 27.0%WB
Regulatory Quality0.32023 46.3%WB
Rule of Law-0.152023 18.4%WB
Voice & Accountability0.142023 3.5%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)36.3%2023 2.5%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)69.8%2023 5.7%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)46.7%2023 3.1%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)28.9%2023 11.4%WB
Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Military Spending (% of GDP)0.8%2024 5.1%WB
Military Expenditure (USD)$11.04B2024 1.9%WB
Armed Forces Personnel676,0002020WB
Armed Forces (% of labor force)0.5%2020WB
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)4.6%2024 6.7%WB
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)0.32022WB
Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)5.4%2024 19.4%WB
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)19.9%2024 9.1%WB
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)68.3%2024 1.9%WB
Poverty Headcount, National (%)9.0%2024 4.3%WB
Gini Index34.92024 3.3%WB
Income Share, Top 10%28.8%2024 3.7%WB
Income Share, Bottom 10%3.5%2024 6.1%WB
Income Share, Top 20%43.6%2024 2.2%WB
Income Share, Bottom 20%8.1%2024 2.5%WB
Shared Prosperity Premium (%)1.9%2024WB
Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day)8.242024WB
Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%)0.8%2024 27.3%WB
Social Protection8 indicators · 2020–2022 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Social Insurance Coverage (%)9.3%2022 8.3%
Social Assistance Coverage (%)54.6%2022 24.4%
Labor Market Programs Coverage (%)13.2%2022 26.9%
Social Protection Coverage (%)65.1%2022 15.3%
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.542020WB
Human Capital Index, Female0.562020WB
Human Capital Index, Male0.522020WB
Learning-Adjusted Years of School7.8 years2020WB
Tourism6 indicators · 2020 · WB
Urban Development7 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO

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