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World›Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan›Djibouti

Djibouti

DJIMiddle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanLower middle incomeCapital: Djibouti
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
59/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$5
2027▲ 8.1%
Population
1.2M
2024▲ 1.4%
GDP per Capita
$5,000
2027▲ 6.8%
Life Expectancy
66.0 years
2023▲ 0.7%
Djibouti in world space2000–2023
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002023
192 countries · log scale on X world Djibouti· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Djibouti

Djibouti's GDP is $5.00B (2026), with a population of 1.2M, and GDP per capita of $4,681. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 6.0%, inflation at 1.4%, government debt at 28.0% of GDP, life expectancy of 66.0 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

Located in the Middle East and North Africa region, the economy of this lower middle-income country is characterized by its strategic location and significant trade openness, with trade accounting for 241.2% of GDP in 2024. The country's GDP was estimated at $5.00 billion in 2026, with a real GDP growth rate of 6.0%, reflecting a positive economic trajectory. The GDP per capita stood at $5,000 in 2026, while the GNI per capita was $4,000 in 2024. Despite these indicators, the economy faces challenges such as high unemployment, which was 26.0% in 2025. The country's inflation rate for consumer prices was relatively stable at 1.4% in 2026. Foreign direct investment inflows were modest, at 1.6% of GDP in 2024. The population was approximately 1.2 million in 2024, with a life expectancy at birth of 66.0 years in 2023. The fertility rate was 2.6 births per woman in 2023. Health spending was low, at 2.3% of GDP in 2023, indicating potential areas for investment in social infrastructure. The country continues to address development indicators to improve the overall well-being of its

▶Economy29 indicators · 2020–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$52027▲ 8.1%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)6.0%2027▲ 0.0%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$5,0002027▲ 6.8%IMF
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$122027▲ 7.8%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$10,6862027▲ 6.5%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)0.01%2027▲ 0.0%IMF
GNI (Current USD)$4.27B2024▲ 6.7%WB
GNI per Capita (USD)$3,6402024▲ 4.0%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$8,0302024▲ 8.2%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)15.9%2024▲ 10.3%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)76.1%2024▼ 1.3%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)2.5%2024▲ 0.4%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)17.1%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)71.1%2024▼ 0.0%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)0.3%2024▲ 106.8%WB
Gross Savings (% of GNI)14.9%2024▲ 0.6%WB
GDP Deflator (%)-0.4%2024▼ 118.1%WB
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$41,2642024▲ 4.8%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)5.3%2024▲ 12.4%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$2,7472021▲ 10.7%WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)7.0%2020▼ 51.9%WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)11.6%2024▼ 25.6%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)0.3%2021▼ 14.0%WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.28%2021▼ 14.0%WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$660.8M2024▲ 17.4%WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary10 indicators · 2023–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)1.3%2027▼ 7.1%IMF
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)25.0%2027▼ 10.7%IMF
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-0.6%2027▲ 25.0%IMF
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)7.9%2027▲ 3.9%IMF
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)2.1%2024▲ 38.9%WB
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$348.7M2024▼ 30.5%WB
Total Reserves (months of imports)0.92024▼ 23.0%WB
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)177.722024▲ 0.0%WB
PPP Conversion Factor80.842024▼ 2.8%WB
Broad Money (% of GDP)73.1%2023▼ 1.6%WB
▶Trade14 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)241.2%2024▼ 15.6%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)126.4%2024▼ 16.1%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)114.8%2024▼ 15.0%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$5.25B2024▼ 10.7%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$4.77B2024▼ 9.5%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$5.17B2024▲ 8.0%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$5.55B2024▲ 4.7%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)1.6%2024▼ 53.5%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$67.8M2024▼ 50.5%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$56.0M2024▼ 4.4%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)1.3%2024▼ 10.3%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)3.3%2023▲ 8.3%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)14.7%2024▼ 20.6%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$610.1M2024▼ 15.4%WB
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
External Debt (% of GNI)83.8%2024▼ 1.7%WB
External Debt Stocks (USD)$3.46B2024▲ 0.8%WB
Total Debt Service (% of GNI)3.3%2024▲ 29.5%WB
Present Value of External Debt (USD)$2.47B2024—WB
Use of IMF Credit (USD)$101.0M2024▼ 2.8%WB
Net ODA Received (% of GNI)5.6%2023▲ 231.5%WB
Net ODA Received (USD)$222.4M2023▲ 265.4%WB
▶Finance3 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)23.1%2024▲ 5.9%WB
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)7.1%2022▲ 26.0%WB
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)4.3%2022▼ 35.6%WB
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population1.2M2024▲ 1.4%WB
Population Growth (%)1.4%2024▼ 1.8%WB
Population Density (per km²)502023▲ 1.4%WB
Surface Area (sq km)23,2002023▲ 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)23,1802023▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)72.9%2024▲ 0.1%WB
Urban Population (total)852,0602024▲ 1.5%WB
Rural Population (%)27.1%2024▼ 0.2%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth66.0 years2023▲ 0.7%WB
Life Expectancy, Male63.5 years2023▲ 0.7%WB
Life Expectancy, Female68.5 years2023▲ 0.6%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)2.62023▼ 1.7%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)20.82023▼ 1.3%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)7.52023▼ 1.2%WB
Net Migration-5812025▼ 5181.8%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)29.2%2024▼ 1.4%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)66.0%2024▲ 0.4%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)4.9%2024▲ 2.4%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)51.6%2024▼ 1.3%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)7.4%2024▲ 2.0%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)44.2%2024▼ 1.8%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)249.42023▼ 2.4%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)174.92023▼ 2.6%WB
▶Labor18 indicators · 2017–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force267,6102025▲ 1.7%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)31.7%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)19.4%2025▲ 0.7%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)44.6%2025▼ 0.4%WB
Unemployment (%)26.0%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Female Unemployment (%)35.4%2025▼ 0.3%WB
Male Unemployment (%)21.8%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)76.8%2025▲ 0.4%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)1.2%2025▼ 3.3%WB
Employment in Industry (%)6.7%2025▲ 2.3%WB
Employment in Services (%)92.2%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)30.3%2025▼ 0.2%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)48.9%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Employers (% of total employment)20.8%2025▼ 0.4%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)31.0%2025▲ 0.8%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)23.5%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)51.1%2025▼ 0.3%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)51.0%2017—WB
▶Education8 indicators · 2010–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Primary School Teachers2,7392023▲ 6.6%WB
Secondary School Teachers3,5542023▲ 2.6%WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary292018—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary272019—WB
Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap)42.8%2016—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary)72.72022▼ 15.9%WB
Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt)0.8%2016—WB
Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt)16.5%2010—WB
▶Health39 indicators · 2019–2024 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)2.3%2023▼ 9.6%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$782023▼ 2.0%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)1.1%2023▼ 1.5%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)28.8%2023▼ 0.8%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)0.22022—WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)0.22022—WHO
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)50.42023▼ 3.4%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)28.22023▼ 2.1%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)1622023▼ 6.9%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)45.52023▼ 3.8%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)55.12023▼ 3.0%WHO
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)37.4%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)51.8%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)10.8%2019—WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)75.0%2024▼ 1.3%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)77.0%2024▲ 6.9%WHO
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.372024▼ 7.5%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)4952024▲ 3.8%WHO
Stunting, Children Under 5 (%)25.5%2023—WHO
Overweight, Children Under 5 (%)4.2%2023—WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)82021▲ 0.9%WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)0.42020—WHO
Maternal Deaths392023▼ 7.1%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)4952024▲ 3.8%WHO
People Living with HIV8,6002024▼ 3.4%WHO
Malaria Deaths (estimated)722024▼ 10.0%WHO
Malaria Incidence (per 1K at risk)45.12024▲ 0.1%WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)77%2024▲ 6.9%WHO
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)75%2024▼ 1.3%WHO
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)77%2024▲ 6.9%WHO
Physicians (total)22022—WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel22022—WHO
Dentists (total)1412022—WHO
Pharmacists (total)802022—WHO
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)12.1%2023▲ 14.2%WHO
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)17.7%2023▲ 9.3%WHO
Universal Health Coverage Index472023▼ 2.1%WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)2582021—WHO
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$782023▼ 2.0%WHO
▶Energy & Environment14 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)0.82024▲ 0.3%WB
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)12024▲ 1.7%WB
Renewable Electricity Output (%)35.4%2021▲ 7300.7%WB
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)26.9%2022▲ 1.1%WB
Access to Electricity (%)65.2%2023▲ 0.3%WB
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)10.0%2023▲ 2.0%WB
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)35.92020—WB
Forest Area (%)0.3%2023▲ 1.3%WB
Forest Area (sq km)602023▲ 1.3%WB
Arable Land (%)0.1%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)1.2%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Marine Protected Areas (%)0.2%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)79.7%2024▲ 0.3%WHO
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)67.0%2023▲ 0.1%WHO
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Agricultural Land (%)73.5%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)2,0212023▲ 0.5%WB
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)1332022▼ 1.7%WB
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)139.42022▼ 7.4%WB
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)130.82022▲ 0.5%WB
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)92023▲ 0.0%WB
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)3,1862023▲ 3.7%WB
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)28.32023▲ 0.0%WB
Prevalence of Undernourishment (%)12.9%2023▲ 3.2%WB
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)6.3%2022▲ 0.0%WB
Cereal Production (metric tons)172023▲ 0.8%WB
▶Technology11 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Internet Users (%)65.0%2023▲ 2.8%WB
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)482023▲ 3.6%WB
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)1.52023▲ 4.2%WB
Secure Internet Servers (per million)114.72024▲ 81.1%WB
Patent Applications, Residents32021—WB
Patent Applications, Non-Residents102021▲ 100.0%WB
Scientific Journal Articles132022▲ 60.5%WB
High-Technology Exports (USD)$88.7M2023▲ 18.1%WB
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)6.9%2024▼ 26.9%WB
ICT Service Exports (USD)$80.5M2024▼ 22.4%WB
Industrial Design Applications, Resident62020—WB
▶Infrastructure6 indicators · 2003–2022 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Container Port Traffic (TEU)635,0002022▼ 8.2%WB
Rail Lines (total km)7812003—WB
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)1182005—WB
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)2.702022—WB
Electricity from Oil (%)64.6%2021▼ 35.0%WB
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021—WB
▶Gender7 indicators · 2019–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Women in Parliament (%)26.2%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)37.3%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Girls Out-of-School Rate (%)75.8%2019—WB
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)192023▼ 1.7%WB
Gender Parity Index, Primary77.452019—WB
Gender Parity Index, Secondary1.012021▼ 2.1%WB
Gender Parity in Primary Education0.922021▼ 4.3%WB
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption-0.782023▲ 1.6%WB
Government Effectiveness-0.732023▲ 7.0%WB
Political Stability-0.522023▼ 1.8%WB
Regulatory Quality-0.932023▼ 3.7%WB
Rule of Law-1.132023▼ 2.0%WB
Voice & Accountability-1.272023▲ 1.3%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)23.6%2023▲ 2.0%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)25.5%2023▲ 12.5%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)13.7%2023▼ 3.3%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)24.6%2023▼ 8.3%WB
▶Military2 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Armed Forces Personnel13,0002020—WB
Armed Forces (% of labor force)5.4%2020—WB
▶Tourism2 indicators · 2018 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Tourism Receipts (USD)$57.0M2018—WB
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)1.2%2018—WB
▶Urban Development6 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Urban Population Growth (%)1.4%2024▼ 14.8%WB
Population in Largest City616,3322025▲ 1.4%WB
Population in Largest City (% of urban)71.3%2025▼ 0.0%WB
Population in Slums (% of urban)48.7%2022▼ 6.3%WB
Rural Population Growth (%)1.1%2024▲ 107.1%WB
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)39.7%2023▲ 0.1%WHO

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