Panama
PANLatin America & Caribbean High incomeCapital: Panama CityEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
78/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$102
2027▲ 6.1%
Population
4.5M
2024▲ 1.3%
GDP per Capita
$21,752
2027▲ 4.8%
Life Expectancy
79.6 years
2023▲ 0.3%
Panama in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Panama· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Panama
Panama's GDP is $95.91B (2026), with a population of 4.5M, and GDP per capita of $20,754. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.0%, inflation at 2.0%, unemployment at 7.7%, government debt at 60.3% of GDP, life expectancy of 79.6 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
Located in Latin America & Caribbean, the economy is characterized by robust growth and significant trade activity. The GDP is projected to reach 95.905 billion in 2026, with a growth rate of 4.0%. The GDP per capita is estimated to be 20,754.211, reflecting a high-income status. Inflation is expected to be stable at 2.0% in 2026. Trade plays a crucial role, with trade volume accounting for 83.67% of GDP in 2024. Unemployment is projected to be 8.36% in 2025. The society benefits from a relatively high life expectancy of 79.594 years as of 2023. The population stands at approximately 4,515,577 in 2024. The capital, Panama City, serves as a major hub for both economic and cultural activities, contributing significantly to the nation's development and global connectivity.
▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary19 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.0% | 2027 | ▲ 0.0% | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 60.5% | 2027 | ▲ 0.3% | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -3.0% | 2027 | ▲ 14.3% | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -2.5% | 2027 | ▼ 47.1% | IMF |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 7.7% | 2027 | ▲ 0.0% | IMF |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 0.7% | 2024 | ▼ 53.4% | WB |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 4.6% | 2022 | ▼ 15.3% | WB |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 6.9% | 2022 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 11.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 17.1% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 7.5% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 33.3% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 3.8% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 29.1% | 2021 | ▼ 5.8% | WB |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2021 | ▲ 27.3% | WB |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $6.86B | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 2.1 | 2024 | ▲ 12.1% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1 | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 0.46 | 2024 | ▼ 1.9% | WB |
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 83.7% | 2024 | ▼ 5.3% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 44.4% | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 39.3% | 2024 | ▼ 8.0% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $38.38B | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $34.02B | 2024 | ▼ 5.0% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $13.18B | 2024 | ▼ 21.3% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $26.69B | 2024 | ▼ 22.2% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 3.7% | 2024 | ▲ 31.5% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 1.0% | 2024 | ▼ 16.4% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $3.24B | 2024 | ▲ 35.7% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $531.6M | 2024 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.6% | 2024 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 1.8% | 2024 | ▲ 76.6% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 1.9% | 2024 | ▲ 162.8% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $1.67B | 2024 | ▲ 164.8% | WB |
▶External Debt2 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 0.5% | 2023 | ▲ 185.6% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $410.2M | 2023 | ▲ 212.1% | WB |
▶Finance11 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 89.8% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 100.2% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 21.1% | 2024 | ▼ 13.0% | WB |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $18.29B | 2024 | ▼ 10.2% | WB |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 0.5% | 2024 | ▼ 4.1% | WB |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 36 | 2024 | ▲ 5.9% | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 12.1% | 2023 | ▲ 2.3% | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 2.6% | 2023 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 64.1% | 2024 | ▲ 42.5% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 58.1% | 2024 | ▲ 34.8% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 70.4% | 2024 | ▲ 49.9% | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 4.5M | 2024 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.3% | 2024 | ▼ 3.3% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 60 | 2023 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 75,320 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 74,180 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 66.0% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 3.0M | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 34.0% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 79.6 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 76.7 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 82.6 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 2.1 | 2023 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 16 | 2023 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 4.8 | 2023 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Net Migration | 6,151 | 2025 | ▼ 8.3% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 24.9% | 2024 | ▼ 1.5% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 65.8% | 2024 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 9.4% | 2024 | ▲ 3.3% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 52.1% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 14.2% | 2024 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 37.9% | 2024 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 116.5 | 2023 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 65.3 | 2023 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 2.3M | 2025 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 66.3% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 54.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 77.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 8.4% | 2025 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 10.4% | 2025 | ▼ 6.7% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 6.9% | 2025 | ▲ 5.8% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 19.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 16.0% | 2025 | ▼ 1.9% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 17.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 67.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Self-Employed (%) | 62.7% | 2024 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 37.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 59.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 33.7% | 2024 | ▲ 7.0% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 2.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 41.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 60.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 40.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 14.7% | 2024 | ▼ 2.9% | WB |
▶Education21 indicators · 2011–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 2.5% | 2023 | ▼ 26.8% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 16.3% | 2024 | ▲ 41.7% | WB |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 96.3% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 95.9% | 2024 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 97.3% | 2024 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 99.2% | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 95.2% | 2023 | ▼ 6.3% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 76.6% | 2017 | — | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 53.7% | 2023 | ▼ 7.1% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 93.3% | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 77.1% | 2023 | ▼ 6.8% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 41,370 | 2023 | ▲ 194.3% | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 19,429 | 2023 | ▲ 217.9% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 19,072 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 23,777 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 22 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 14 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 23.5% | 2011 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 66.7 | 2022 | ▼ 30.6% | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 22.4% | 2011 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 22.2% | 2011 | — | WB |
▶Health40 indicators · 2019–2024 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 2.7 | 2024 | ▼ 4.2% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 12 | 2024 | ▼ 2.9% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 1,063 | 2022 | ▲ 2.8% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,546 | 2022 | ▲ 5.2% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 79.3% | 2021 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 28.0% | 2021 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 97.0% | 2023 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 11.5 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 56.3% | 2023 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 41,796 | 2023 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 7.6% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 27.2% | 2024 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 26.3% | 2024 | ▼ 1.9% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 95.3% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 89.1% | 2024 | ▲ 1.4% | WHO |
▶Agriculture12 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 29.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,845 | 2023 | ▲ 6.2% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 115.5 | 2022 | ▲ 3.5% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 130.9 | 2022 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 106.5 | 2022 | ▲ 5.4% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 155,285 | 2023 | ▼ 1.9% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 219,486 | 2023 | ▲ 15.4% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 112.6 | 2023 | ▲ 90.2% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 5.7% | 2023 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 1.8% | 2023 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 0.9% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 597,032 | 2023 | ▲ 4.2% | WB |
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 68.5% | 2023 | ▼ 11.8% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 157 | 2023 | ▲ 3.0% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 18.1 | 2023 | ▲ 10.7% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 2,234.5 | 2024 | ▼ 14.8% | WB |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.16% | 2023 | ▼ 13.4% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 35 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 401 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 376 | 2022 | ▲ 29.6% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $1.9M | 2024 | ▲ 39.1% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 2.9% | 2024 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $537.0M | 2024 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 5 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 253 | 2023 | ▲ 78.0% | WB |
▶Infrastructure7 indicators · 2000–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 15.8M | 2023 | ▲ 14.1% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 143.7 | 2023 | ▼ 21.6% | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 8.5M | 2022 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 485 | 2000 | — | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.10 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 7.1% | 2022 | ▲ 62.7% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2017–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 21.4% | 2024 | ▼ 4.9% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 51.8% | 2024 | ▲ 2.8% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 62.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 91.4% | 2017 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 57.3 | 2023 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 91.52 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.04 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.99 | 2021 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.63 | 2023 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.21 | 2023 | ▼ 63.7% | WB |
| Political Stability | 0.21 | 2023 | ▼ 26.3% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.12 | 2023 | ▼ 6.6% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.35 | 2023 | ▲ 3.9% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.55 | 2023 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 28.3% | 2023 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 42.9% | 2023 | ▼ 8.1% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 40.1% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 52.6% | 2023 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
▶Military4 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $0 | 2024 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 28,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 1.3% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 11.7 | 2023 | ▲ 3.2% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 3.1% | 2024 | ▼ 16.2% | WB |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 6.8% | 2024 | ▼ 5.6% | WB |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 19.8% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 21.7% | 2023 | ▼ 2.3% | WB |
| Gini Index | 49.7 | 2024 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 37.6% | 2024 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 1.2% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 54.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 3.6% | 2024 | ▼ 2.7% | WB |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | -1.1% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 28.7 | 2024 | — | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.8% | 2024 | ▼ 27.3% | WB |
▶Social Protection8 indicators · 2020–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 23.4% | 2023 | ▲ 7.0% | — |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 64.5% | 2023 | ▼ 18.0% | — |
| Labor Market Programs Coverage (%) | 0.9% | 2023 | ▼ 13.3% | — |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 76.8% | 2023 | ▼ 11.1% | — |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.50 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.52 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.49 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 6.5 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 647,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 401,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $1.84B | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $601.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 9.3% | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $724.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development6 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.5% | 2024 | ▲ 7.6% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 2.1M | 2025 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 67.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 44.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 16.3% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 0.9% | 2024 | ▼ 27.4% | WB |
