China vs Russian Federation
Side-by-side economic and demographic comparison · 2026 data · Source: IMF & World Bank
China and Russia are the world's second and eleventh largest economies, bound by a "no limits" strategic partnership declared in 2022. Their economic relationship is highly asymmetric: China's economy is roughly 10 times Russia's, and Russia has become increasingly dependent on China as a buyer of oil and gas following Western sanctions. China is Russia's largest trading partner, while Russia ranks outside China's top five. Russia exports primarily energy and raw materials to China and imports manufactured goods — a classic commodity-dependent relationship that mirrors Russia's economic structure globally.
China has a GDP of $20.65T compared to Russian Federation's $2.51T, making it 8.2x larger. China's population is 1.41B vs Russian Federation's 143.5M. Across 12 key indicators, both countries are evenly matched in categories. All data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
| Indicator |  China |  Russian Federation |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (USD) | $20.65T✓ | $2.51T |
| GDP per Capita | $14,730 | $17,287✓ |
| GDP Growth (%) | 4.2%✓ | 1.0% |
| GDP per Capita (PPP) | $31,023 | $50,571✓ |
| Population | 1.41B✓ | 143.5M |
| Life Expectancy | 78.0 years✓ | 73.3 years |
| Inflation (%) | 0.7%✓ | 5.2% |
| Unemployment (%) | 5.1% | 3.1%✓ |
| Govt Debt (% GDP) | 102.3% | 24.8%✓ |
| Fertility Rate | 1 | 1.4✓ |
| Gini Index | 36 | 33✓ |
| CO₂ per Capita (t) | 9.3✓ | 14 |
Summary
China has a GDP of $20.65T compared to Russian Federation's $2.51T, making the former economy 8.2x larger. In terms of population, China has 1.41B people while Russian Federation has 143.5M. Across the 12 indicators compared, China leads in 6 and Russian Federation leads in 6.
ChinaRussian Federation