China
CHNEast Asia & PacificUpper middle incomeCapital: BeijingEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
77/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$20.85T
2026▲ 6.2%
Population
1.41B
2025▼ 0.2%
GDP per Capita
$14,874
2026▲ 6.5%
Life Expectancy
78.0 years
2024▲ 0.1%
China in world space2000–2024
192 countries · log scale on X world China· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About China
China's GDP is $20.85T (2026), with a population of 1.41B, and GDP per capita of $14,874. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.4%, inflation at 1.2%, unemployment at 5.1%, government debt at 106.9% of GDP, life expectancy of 78.0 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy32 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Financial Markets1 indicator · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate (per EUR) | 8.12 | 2025 | ▲ 4.3% | WB |
▶Fiscal & Monetary19 indicators · 2024–2026 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 1.2% | 2026 | — | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 106.9% | 2026 | ▲ 7.8% | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -8.2% | 2026 | ▼ 3.8% | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 3.5% | 2026 | ▼ 5.4% | IMF |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 5.1% | 2026 | ▲ 0.0% | IMF |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 0.1% | 2025 | ▼ 72.7% | WB |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 5.2% | 2024 | ▲ 5.6% | WB |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 4.3% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 1.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Government Revenue Excluding Grants (% of GDP) | 14.9% | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 7.0% | 2024 | ▼ 8.1% | WB |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 28.3% | 2024 | ▼ 9.5% | WB |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 1.2% | 2024 | ▼ 8.2% | WB |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 17.5% | 2024 | ▼ 3.5% | WB |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $3.75T | 2025 | ▲ 8.5% | WB |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 11.9 | 2025 | ▲ 8.4% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 7.19 | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 3.4 | 2025 | ▼ 3.6% | WB |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 227.7% | 2024 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 38.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 21.1% | 2025 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 16.9% | 2025 | ▼ 3.6% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $4.11T | 2025 | ▲ 7.3% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $3.29T | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $3.77T | 2025 | ▲ 5.5% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $2.58T | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2025 | ▲ 80.2% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2025 | ▼ 21.4% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $79.98B | 2025 | ▲ 87.5% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $30.00B | 2025 | ▲ 20.1% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.2% | 2025 | ▲ 15.4% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 26.3% | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 3.8% | 2025 | ▲ 52.7% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $735.02B | 2025 | ▲ 59.0% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 13.0% | 2024 | ▼ 3.7% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $2.42T | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 1.9% | 2024 | ▼ 23.7% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $471.97B | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $47.22B | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | -0.0% | 2023 | ▲ 4.6% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $-267.2M | 2023 | ▲ 4.7% | WB |
▶Finance11 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 194.3% | 2024 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 79.5% | 2025 | ▲ 26.7% | WB |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $15.51T | 2025 | ▲ 31.9% | WB |
| Stocks Traded, Total Value (% of GDP) | 303.7% | 2025 | ▲ 63.1% | WB |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 11,149 | 2025 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 7.8% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 1.5% | 2024 | ▼ 5.5% | WB |
| Financial Institution or Mobile-Money Account Ownership (Age 15+, %) | 89.4% | 2024 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 89.2% | 2024 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 89.6% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 12.7% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 6 | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 0.3% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 44.0% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with a Female Top Manager (%) | 19.6% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 79.1% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Time to Obtain an Operating License (days) | 6.5 | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Competing with Unregistered Firms (%) | 12.2% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.41B | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.2% | 2025 | ▼ 38.0% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 150 | 2023 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 9.6M | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 9.4M | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 66.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 933.2M | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 33.7% | 2025 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 78.0 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 75.2 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 81.0 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1 | 2024 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 6.8 | 2024 | ▲ 5.9% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7.8 | 2024 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Net Migration | -268,126 | 2025 | ▲ 15.9% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 15.4% | 2025 | ▼ 3.8% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 69.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 14.9% | 2025 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 43.5% | 2025 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 21.4% | 2025 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 22.1% | 2025 | ▼ 4.2% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 111 | 2024 | ▲ 2.9% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 56 | 2024 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
▶Labor18 indicators · 2000–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 768.1M | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 64.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 59.1% | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 69.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 4.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 4.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 5.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 15.8% | 2025 | ▲ 5.0% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 21.7% | 2025 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 31.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 46.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 33.4% | 2025 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 62.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 4.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 45.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 61.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 37.7% | 2025 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 12.7% | 2000 | — | WB |
▶Education16 indicators · 2010–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 3.9% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 11.9% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 96.7% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 95.1% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 98.4% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 99.8% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 99.6% | 2024 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 92.3% | 2012 | — | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 76.9% | 2024 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 103.5% | 2010 | — | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 103.6% | 2012 | — | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 6.7M | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 7.4M | 2024 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 16 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 13 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Persistence to Last Primary Grade (% of Cohort) | 96.8% | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Health47 indicators · 2013–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment18 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Excluding LULUCF (t CO2e) | 9.3 | 2024 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions, Excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) | 13,125 | 2024 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 2,851 | 2023 | ▲ 6.5% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 6,524 | 2023 | ▲ 6.7% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 28.4% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 15.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 88.7% | 2023 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 32 | 2023 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 24.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 2.3M | 2023 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 11.5% | 2023 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas (%) | 14.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 4.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 96.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 97.3% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
| Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO) | 32.056519391 | 2023 | — | WHO |
| Air Pollution Mortality (household + ambient, age-standardized) | 82.601 | 2021 | — | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 55.4% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 6,418 | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 111.8 | 2022 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 111.8 | 2022 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 109.5 | 2022 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 100.0M | 2023 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 13.3M | 2024 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 394 | 2023 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 20.2% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 641.7M | 2023 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 91.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 132 | 2024 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 47.2 | 2024 | ▲ 5.5% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 1,413.3 | 2024 | ▼ 6.3% | WB |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 2.58% | 2023 | ▲ 3.3% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 1.4M | 2021 | — | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 159,019 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 932,712 | 2023 | ▲ 5.3% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $856.76B | 2024 | ▲ 3.8% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 19.1% | 2025 | ▼ 3.1% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $73.61B | 2025 | ▲ 7.4% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 785,857 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 2,107 | 2023 | ▲ 14.0% | WB |
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2019–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 619.2M | 2023 | ▲ 146.9% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 26,170.4 | 2023 | ▲ 38.0% | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 299.7M | 2024 | ▲ 7.5% | WB |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 109,767 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Rail Passengers Carried (million passenger-km) | 946,499 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 3.0M | 2019 | — | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.70 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.1% | 2023 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 4.6% | 2023 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
▶Gender7 indicators · 2010–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 26.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 64.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Female (%) | 103.3% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 5.2 | 2024 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Total (%) | 102.6% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.00 | 2010 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.01 | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.01 | 2023 | ▼ 133.4% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.68 | 2023 | ▲ 37.4% | WB |
| Political Stability | -0.51 | 2023 | ▼ 13.7% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.36 | 2023 | ▲ 14.8% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.04 | 2023 | ▲ 4.9% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.5 | 2023 | ▲ 6.0% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 54.2% | 2023 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 73.6% | 2023 | ▲ 7.6% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 52.8% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 25.1% | 2023 | ▼ 15.5% | WB |
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.7% | 2024 | ▲ 2.8% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $313.66B | 2024 | ▲ 5.7% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 2.5M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.3% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 5.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 0.5 | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2020–2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %) | 0.0% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Poverty at $4.20/day (2021 PPP, %) | 0.5% | 2022 | ▲ 66.7% | WB |
| Poverty at $8.30/day (2021 PPP, %) | 21.3% | 2022 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 0.0% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Gini Index | 36 | 2022 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 28.4% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 3.1% | 2022 | ▼ 3.1% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 43.7% | 2022 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.3% | 2022 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Growth in Survey Mean Income or Consumption, Total Population (%) | 5.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Survey Mean Income or Consumption (2021 PPP $/person/day) | 17.13 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %) | 0.0% | 2022 | — | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.65 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.66 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.65 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 9.3 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism2 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 30.4M | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 20.3M | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development7 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 0.5% | 2025 | ▲ 17.7% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 30.5M | 2025 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 3.3% | 2025 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 32.7% | 2025 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 26.3% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.5% | 2025 | ▼ 25.8% | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 68.9% | 2024 | ▲ 0.7% | WHO |
