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Syrian Arab Republic

Capital: DamascusRegion: Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanIncome: Low income
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with a population of 24.7M. Key indicators include life expectancy of 72.1 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Syrian Arab Republic's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.

GDP
N/A
Population
24.7M
2024
GDP per Capita
N/A
Life Expectancy
72.1 years
2023
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook

Economy

IndicatorValueYear
GNI (Current USD)$22.82B2022
GNI per Capita (USD)$7102022
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$4,6102022
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)12.0%2022
Services Value Added (% of GDP)44.9%2022
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)43.1%2022
Government Consumption (% of GDP)2.7%2022
Household Consumption (% of GDP)114.8%2022
GDP Deflator (%)112.1%2022
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$20,2112022
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)21.5%2022
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$4792020
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)-22.0%2022
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2020
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2020
Oil Rents (% of GDP)4.02%2020
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)2.33%2020
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)6.4%2020
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.03%2020
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$2.83B2022

Fiscal & Monetary

IndicatorValueYear
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)2,505.752022
PPP Conversion Factor1,757.522023

Trade

IndicatorValueYear
Trade (% of GDP)35.6%2022
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)6.8%2022
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)28.8%2022
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$1.61B2022
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$6.80B2022
Merchandise Exports (USD)$3.34B2024
Merchandise Imports (USD)$6.28B2024

External Debt

IndicatorValueYear
External Debt (% of GNI)25.3%2023
External Debt Stocks (USD)$4.76B2024
Total Debt Service (% of GNI)0.0%2022
Present Value of External Debt (USD)$4.00B2024
Use of IMF Credit (USD)$731.1M2024
Net ODA Received (% of GNI)31.5%2022
Net ODA Received (USD)$9.21B2023

People

IndicatorValueYear
Population24.7M2024
Population Growth (%)4.5%2024
Population Density (per km²)1282023
Surface Area (sq km)185,1802023
Land Area (sq km)183,6302023
Urban Population (%)72.1%2024
Urban Population (total)17.8M2024
Rural Population (%)27.9%2024
Life Expectancy at Birth72.1 years2023
Life Expectancy, Male69.8 years2023
Life Expectancy, Female74.4 years2023
Fertility Rate (births per woman)2.72023
Birth Rate (per 1,000)22.12023
Death Rate (per 1,000)52023
Net Migration421,6932025
Population Ages 0–14 (%)29.2%2024
Population Ages 15–64 (%)66.1%2024
Population Ages 65+ (%)4.7%2024
Age Dependency Ratio (%)51.3%2024
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)7.2%2024
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)44.1%2024
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)167.62023
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)107.82023

Labor

IndicatorValueYear
Total Labor Force6.8M2025
Labor Force Participation (%)36.9%2025
Female Labor Force Participation (%)12.7%2025
Male Labor Force Participation (%)61.4%2025
Unemployment (%)13.6%2025
Female Unemployment (%)26.1%2025
Male Unemployment (%)10.9%2025
Youth Unemployment (%)33.1%2025
Employment in Agriculture (%)16.3%2025
Employment in Industry (%)25.2%2025
Employment in Services (%)58.5%2025
Vulnerable Employment (%)38.9%2025
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)57.6%2025
Employers (% of total employment)3.6%2025
Labor Force, Female (% of total)17.4%2025
Employment to Population Ratio (%)31.9%2025
Self-Employed (% of total)42.4%2025

Education

IndicatorValueYear
Adult Literacy Rate (%)94.4%2021
Female Literacy Rate (%)91.8%2021
Male Literacy Rate (%)97.2%2021
Youth Literacy Rate (%)98.4%2021
Primary School Enrollment (%)81.4%2024
Secondary School Enrollment (%)38.7%2024
Primary Completion Rate (%)60.1%2024
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)42.7%2024
Out-of-School Children, Primary581,8452024
Out-of-School Girls, Primary279,3502024
Primary School Teachers144,6212024
Secondary School Teachers54,5962024
Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap)38.9%2009
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary)88.42023
Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt)36.9%2009
Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt)24.2%2009

Health

IndicatorValueYear
Health Spending (% of GDP)2.7%2023
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$332023
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)0.4%2023
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)72.4%2023
Physicians (per 1,000 people)1.52021
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)1.82021
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)1.42021
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)20.62023
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)102023
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)202023
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)18.52023
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)22.52023
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)10.7%2019
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)75.2%2019
Cause of Death, Injury (%)14.1%2019
Measles Immunization (% of children)81.0%2024
DPT Immunization (% of children)73.0%2024
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.012024
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)232024
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)0.62021
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)0.12020
Maternal Deaths1062023
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)232024
People Living with HIV8502024
Malaria Deaths (estimated)02024
Malaria Incidence (per 1K at risk)02024
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)73%2024
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)81%2024
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)73%2024
Physicians (total)162022
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel142022
Dentists (total)28,3752022
Pharmacists (total)3,8462022
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)11.5%2010
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)10.4%2010
Universal Health Coverage Index702023
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)6,3832021
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$332023

Energy & Environment

IndicatorValueYear
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)1.32024
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)312024
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)4552022
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)6902022
Renewable Electricity Output (%)3.9%2021
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)1.1%2021
Access to Electricity (%)88.4%2023
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)88.8%2023
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)24.72020
Forest Area (%)2.8%2023
Forest Area (sq km)5,2212023
Arable Land (%)24.0%2023
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)0.7%2024
Marine Protected Areas (%)0.2%2024
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)94.1%2024
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)95.6%2024

Agriculture

IndicatorValueYear
Agricultural Land (%)74.1%2023
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)1,8152023
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)972022
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)96.32022
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)98.92022
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)2.7M2023
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)4,4502023
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)17.32023
Prevalence of Undernourishment (%)39.0%2023
Agricultural Irrigated Land (%)7.2%2023
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)195.8%2022
Cereal Production (metric tons)4.9M2023

Technology

IndicatorValueYear
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)722023
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)6.92023
Secure Internet Servers (per million)113.92024
R&D Spending (% of GDP)0.07%2022
Patent Applications, Residents1022021
Patent Applications, Non-Residents202021
Scientific Journal Articles5842022
Industrial Design Applications, Resident4062021
Researchers in R&D (per million)1402022

Infrastructure

IndicatorValueYear
Air Transport, Passengers Carried610,7452023
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)1.62023
Container Port Traffic (TEU)243,3482020
Rail Lines (total km)2,1392010
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)2,2062010
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)2.302022
Electricity from Oil (%)57.3%2022
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021

Gender

IndicatorValueYear
Women in Parliament (%)9.6%2024
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)76.6%2025
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)38.92023
Gender Parity Index, Secondary0.992013
Gender Parity in Primary Education0.972013

Governance

IndicatorValueYear
Control of Corruption-1.752023
Government Effectiveness-1.792023
Political Stability-2.752023
Regulatory Quality-1.812023
Rule of Law-2.042023
Voice & Accountability-1.852023
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)0.5%2023
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)3.3%2023
Rule of Law (percentile rank)1.4%2023
Political Stability (percentile rank)0.0%2023

Military

IndicatorValueYear
Armed Forces Personnel269,0002020
Armed Forces (% of labor force)5.4%2020

Poverty & Inequality

IndicatorValueYear
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)16.5%2022
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)39.3%2022
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)87.9%2022
Gini Index26.62022
Income Share, Top 10%21.1%2022
Income Share, Bottom 10%3.8%2022
Income Share, Top 20%35.9%2022
Income Share, Bottom 20%9.2%2022
Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%)3.7%2022

Tourism

IndicatorValueYear
International Tourism, Arrivals2.4M2019

Urban Development

IndicatorValueYear
Urban Population Growth (%)4.3%2024
Population in Largest City2.8M2025
Population in Largest City (% of urban)15.2%2025
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)26.5%2025
Population in Slums (% of urban)41.1%2022
Rural Population Growth (%)4.8%2024

Explore Rankings

See where Syrian Arab Republic ranks globally across key indicators

GDP Rankings →GDP per Capita Rankings →GDP Growth Rankings →Population Rankings →Inflation Rankings →Unemployment Rankings →Life Expectancy Rankings →Debt-to-GDP Rankings →Inequality Rankings →CO₂ Emissions Rankings →

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