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World›East Asia & Pacific›Tonga

Tonga

TONEast Asia & PacificUpper middle incomeCapital: Nuku'alofa
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
71/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$716.0M
2026▲ 5.3%
Population
103,742
2025▼ 0.4%
GDP per Capita
$7,238
2026▲ 5.5%
Life Expectancy
73.1 years
2024▲ 0.2%
Tonga in world space2000–2024
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002024
192 countries · log scale on X world Tonga· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Tonga

Tonga's GDP is $716.0M (2026), with a population of 103,742, and GDP per capita of $7,238. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 2.3%, inflation at 3.8%, government debt at 34.4% of GDP, life expectancy of 73.1 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

▶Economy32 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD)$716.0M2026▲ 5.3%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)2.3%2026▼ 17.9%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$7,2382026▲ 5.5%IMF
GDP, PPP (Intl $)$840.0M2026▲ 5.3%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$8,4882026▲ 5.5%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)0.00%2026—IMF
GNI (Current USD)$723.4M2025▲ 4.2%WB
GNI per Capita, Atlas Method (Current US$)$6,8402025▲ 9.1%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (Current Intl $)$9,2402025▲ 5.5%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)17.7%2024▲ 18.9%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)49.5%2024▼ 0.9%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)18.6%2024▼ 2.1%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)23.5%2024▼ 6.2%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)96.2%2024▼ 3.6%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)26.4%2024▲ 1.8%WB
Gross Savings (% of GDP)18.5%2024▼ 0.6%WB
GDP Deflator Inflation (Annual %)3.0%2025▼ 64.1%WB
GDP per Employed Person (Constant 2021 PPP $)$23,3372025▲ 3.3%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)5.5%2024▲ 11.6%WB
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)1.6%2022▲ 0.0%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$4,2842021—WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)-3.3%2021—WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)-43.8%2024▲ 12.7%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)0.0%2021—WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.04%2021▲ 4.4%WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$114.4M2024▲ 30.2%WB
GDP per Capita, PPP (Constant 2021 Intl $)$7,4132025▲ 3.2%WB
GDP per Capita (Constant 2015 US$)$4,9342025▲ 3.2%WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary21 indicators · 2020–2026 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)3.8%2026▲ 18.7%IMF
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)34.4%2026▲ 25.5%IMF
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-8.4%2026▼ 271.4%IMF
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-7.4%2026▼ 39.6%IMF
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)5.6%2025▲ 75.8%WB
Real Interest Rate (%)4.5%2025▲ 1087.4%WB
Lending Interest Rate (%)7.6%2025▼ 2.5%WB
Deposit Interest Rate (%)1.5%2025▼ 3.1%WB
Central Government Debt (% of GDP)43.1%2020—WB
Government Revenue Excluding Grants (% of GDP)22.6%2023▲ 1.4%WB
Government Expense (% of GDP)34.7%2023▼ 13.3%WB
Tax Revenue (% of GDP)20.5%2023▲ 0.3%WB
Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue)30.0%2023▼ 4.9%WB
Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue)4.8%2023▲ 9.2%WB
Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev)8.9%2023▼ 10.2%WB
Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP)6.8%2023▲ 28.5%WB
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$412.7M2025▲ 9.4%WB
Total Reserves (months of imports)10.82024▼ 8.9%WB
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)2.412025▲ 1.6%WB
PPP Conversion Factor1.812025▲ 0.2%WB
Broad Money (% of GDP)59.7%2025▼ 2.1%WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)77.6%2024▼ 2.6%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)16.9%2024▲ 14.6%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)60.7%2024▼ 6.5%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$109.4M2024▲ 25.5%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$392.9M2024▲ 2.4%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$13.0M2025▲ 44.4%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$255.0M2025▼ 13.6%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)-1.9%2024▼ 520.6%WB
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)0.2%2024▲ 0.3%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$-12.1M2024▼ 560.7%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$253.8M2024▲ 0.8%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)39.2%2024▼ 8.0%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)28.5%2023▲ 5049.0%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-6.7%2024▲ 15.3%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$-43.5M2024▲ 7.2%WB
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
External Debt (% of GNI)35.4%2023▼ 8.2%WB
External Debt Stocks (USD)$173.2M2024▼ 11.8%WB
Total Debt Service (% of GNI)6.3%2024▲ 129.5%WB
Present Value of External Debt (USD)$114.9M2024—WB
Use of IMF Credit (USD)$43.8M2024▼ 2.8%WB
Net ODA Received (% of GNI)20.3%2023▼ 59.9%WB
Net ODA Received (USD)$129.5M2023▼ 56.1%WB
▶Finance4 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)34.1%2025▼ 2.0%WB
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)15.1%2025▲ 1.9%WB
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)13.5%2025▼ 2.1%WB
Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%)13.5%2024—WB
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Time to Get Electricity (days)92024—WB
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%)11.0%2024—WB
Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%)31.2%2024—WB
Firms with a Female Top Manager (%)30.2%2024—WB
Firms Offering Training (%)18.9%2024—WB
Time to Obtain an Operating License (days)7.42024—WB
Firms Competing with Unregistered Firms (%)7.2%2024—WB
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population103,7422025▼ 0.4%WB
Population Growth (%)-0.4%2025▼ 3.0%WB
Population Density (per km²)1452023▼ 0.4%WB
Surface Area (sq km)7502023▲ 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)7202023▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)21.2%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (total)21,9482025▼ 0.4%WB
Rural Population (%)78.8%2025▼ 0.0%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth73.1 years2024▲ 0.2%WB
Life Expectancy, Male69.5 years2024▲ 0.2%WB
Life Expectancy, Female76.5 years2024▲ 0.2%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)3.12024▼ 0.9%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)232024▼ 0.3%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)6.42024▲ 0.0%WB
Net Migration-2,1502025▼ 0.0%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)34.9%2025▼ 1.4%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)58.2%2025▲ 0.6%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)6.9%2025▲ 2.0%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)71.7%2025▼ 1.4%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)11.8%2025▲ 1.4%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)60.0%2025▼ 2.0%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)210.82024▼ 0.9%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)110.62024▼ 1.1%WB
▶Labor20 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force33,6282025▼ 0.4%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)49.8%2025▼ 0.8%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)42.3%2025▼ 0.4%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)59.0%2025▼ 1.2%WB
Unemployment (%)2.0%2025▲ 2.2%WB
Female Unemployment (%)2.5%2025▲ 2.7%WB
Male Unemployment (%)1.5%2025▲ 1.2%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)6.0%2025▲ 0.7%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)23.6%2025▼ 2.6%WB
Employment in Industry (%)23.3%2025▲ 0.2%WB
Employment in Services (%)53.0%2025▲ 1.1%WB
Labor Force Participation, Age 15+ (National Estimate, %)51.4%2023▼ 13.7%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)33.7%2025▼ 0.7%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)58.2%2025▲ 0.5%WB
Part-Time Employment (%)55.3%2023▲ 86.6%WB
Employers (% of total employment)8.1%2025▼ 0.3%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)46.9%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)48.8%2025▼ 0.8%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)41.8%2025▼ 0.7%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)25.6%2023▲ 37.1%WB
▶Education20 indicators · 2004–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Education Spending (% of GDP)5.3%2022▲ 2.9%WB
Education Spending (% of govt expenditure)9.3%2024▲ 10.5%WB
Adult Literacy Rate (%)99.5%2023—WB
Female Literacy Rate (%)99.6%2023—WB
Male Literacy Rate (%)99.3%2023—WB
Youth Literacy Rate (%)99.7%2023—WB
Primary School Enrollment (%)108.8%2024▼ 0.7%WB
Secondary School Enrollment (%)92.4%2024▲ 0.6%WB
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)42.9%2023—WB
Primary Completion Rate (%)108.1%2024▲ 5.4%WB
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)99.4%2024▲ 7.8%WB
Out-of-School Children, Primary3542022▼ 37.6%WB
Primary School Teachers8182024▲ 0.2%WB
Secondary School Teachers1,0862015—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary222015—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary152015—WB
Primary Education Spending (% of Education Budget)44.4%2004—WB
Persistence to Last Primary Grade (% of Cohort)91.3%2019—WB
Secondary Education Spending (% of Education Budget)30.1%2004—WB
Tertiary Education Spending (% of Education Budget)21.7%2004—WB
▶Health43 indicators · 2019–2025 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)7.4%2023▼ 7.4%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$3582023▼ 6.6%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)3.4%2023▼ 11.3%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)5.9%2023▲ 49.4%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)12021—WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)4.22021—WHO
Under-5 Mortality (per 1,000 live births)9.52024▼ 3.1%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)4.12024▼ 4.7%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)672023▼ 6.9%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)8.52024▼ 2.3%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)10.52024▼ 2.8%WHO
Communicable, Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Causes (% of Deaths)10.0%2021▼ 1.6%WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)84.6%2021—WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)5.4%2021—WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)99.0%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)99.0%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)22024▼ 75.0%WHO
Current Tobacco Use, Male Adults (%)47.9%2024▼ 0.2%WHO
Current Tobacco Use, Female Adults (%)16.3%2024▲ 1.2%WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)4.72021▲ 1.7%WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)0.42020—WHO
Life Expectancy at Birth (WHO)72.720882222021—WHO
Remaining Life Expectancy at Age 60 (WHO)18.939062162021—WHO
Healthy Life Expectancy at Birth (HALE)63.783311332021—WHO
Infant Mortality, Under Age 1 (WHO)7.7749137692024—WHO
Under-5 Mortality (WHO)9.5131002622024—WHO
Neonatal Mortality, 0–27 Days (WHO)4.1464212592024—WHO
Maternal Deaths (WHO Estimates)1.6147431962023—WHO
Estimated Tuberculosis Incidence (WHO)1.92024—WHO
Diabetes Prevalence, Age 18+ (age-standardized, %)23.4179022022—WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (WHO/UNICEF)942025—WHO
Measles First-Dose Coverage (MCV1, WHO/UNICEF)952025—WHO
Hepatitis B Three-Dose Coverage (HepB3, WHO/UNICEF)942025—WHO
Physicians (total)1072021—WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel4432021—WHO
Dentists (total)152020—WHO
Pharmacists (total)82021—WHO
Child Wasting, Under 5 (survey, %)1.12019—WHO
Child Stunting, Under 5 (survey, %)2.22019—WHO
Child Underweight, Under 5 (survey, %)0.82019—WHO
UHC Service Coverage Index (SDG 3.8.1)712023—WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)8.52021—WHO
Current Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, US$)357.544158942023—WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Excluding LULUCF (t CO2e)1.62024▲ 5.4%WB
CO₂ Emissions, Excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)02024▲ 4.9%WB
Renewable Electricity Output (%)14.2%2021▼ 0.1%WB
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)2.3%2022▲ 27.8%WB
Access to Electricity (%)100.0%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)90.1%2023▲ 1.7%WB
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)4.72023▼ 11.6%WB
Forest Area (%)12.4%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Forest Area (sq km)902023▲ 0.0%WB
Arable Land (%)27.8%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas (%)0.1%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Marine Protected Areas (%)0.1%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)98.9%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)93.9%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)6.2352779622023—WHO
Air Pollution Mortality (household + ambient, age-standardized)49.5062021—WHO
▶Agriculture6 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Agricultural Land (%)48.6%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)97.82022▲ 0.3%WB
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)97.22022▲ 0.5%WB
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)100.92022▼ 0.8%WB
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)1,1202024▼ 1.6%WB
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)4.52023▼ 10.8%WB
▶Technology10 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Internet Users (%)67.4%2024▲ 5.2%WB
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)622022▲ 1.2%WB
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)8.22022▲ 26.6%WB
Secure Internet Servers (per million)969.52024▲ 10.2%WB
Patent Applications, Non-Residents22021—WB
Scientific Journal Articles52023▲ 14.9%WB
High-Technology Exports (USD)$2.3M2023▲ 3634.6%WB
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)0.1%2024▲ 903.9%WB
ICT Service Exports (USD)$113,4992024▲ 1276.3%WB
Industrial Design Applications, Resident52020—WB
▶Infrastructure5 indicators · 2004–2021 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Air Transport, Passengers Carried75,4162004—WB
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)02004—WB
Container Port Traffic (TEU)76,8542019—WB
Electricity from Oil (%)85.8%2021—WB
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021—WB
▶Gender6 indicators · 2020–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Women in Parliament (%)3.8%2025▼ 46.2%WB
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)42.9%2023▼ 15.0%WB
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)57.2%2025▲ 0.6%WB
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)25.12024▲ 0.9%WB
Gender Parity Index, Secondary1.182020—WB
Gender Parity in Primary Education0.952020—WB
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption-0.312023▲ 26.7%WB
Government Effectiveness-0.122023▲ 30.8%WB
Political Stability1.092023▼ 0.5%WB
Regulatory Quality-0.392023▼ 13.0%WB
Rule of Law0.552023▼ 7.9%WB
Voice & Accountability0.872023▲ 2.5%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)45.3%2023▲ 18.5%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)45.8%2023▲ 1.0%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)67.0%2023▼ 3.4%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)90.0%2023▲ 1.5%WB
▶Military1 indicator · 2019 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)0.92019—WB
▶Poverty & Inequality10 indicators · 2021 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Poverty at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %)0.4%2021—WB
Poverty at $4.20/day (2021 PPP, %)1.8%2021—WB
Poverty at $8.30/day (2021 PPP, %)26.7%2021—WB
Poverty Headcount, National (%)20.6%2021—WB
Gini Index27.12021—WB
Income Share, Top 10%22.0%2021—WB
Income Share, Bottom 10%4.0%2021—WB
Income Share, Top 20%36.6%2021—WB
Income Share, Bottom 20%9.3%2021—WB
Poverty Gap at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %)0.1%2021—WB
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.532020—WB
Human Capital Index, Female0.562020—WB
Human Capital Index, Male0.512020—WB
Learning-Adjusted Years of School7.1 years2020—WB
▶Tourism5 indicators · 2019–2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
International Tourism, Arrivals94,0002019—WB
Tourism Receipts (USD)$47.7M2020—WB
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$38.0M2020—WB
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)50.3%2020—WB
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$700,0002020—WB
▶Urban Development5 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Urban Population Growth (%)-0.4%2025▼ 0.4%WB
Population in Slums (% of urban)0.3%2022▼ 12.1%WB
Rural Population Growth (%)-0.4%2025▼ 3.7%WB
Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%)29.6%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)31.2%2024▼ 0.0%WHO

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