Eswatini
SWZSub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeCapital: MbabaneEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
70/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$5.79B
2026▲ 12.1%
Population
1.3M
2025▲ 1.1%
GDP per Capita
$4,927
2026▲ 10.9%
Life Expectancy
64.3 years
2024▲ 0.2%
Eswatini in world space2000–2024
192 countries · log scale on X world Eswatini· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Eswatini
Eswatini's GDP is $5.79B (2026), with a population of 1.3M, and GDP per capita of $4,927. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.0%, inflation at 3.5%, government debt at 50.0% of GDP, life expectancy of 64.3 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy32 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary22 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 107.5% | 2024 | ▲ 7.8% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 53.8% | 2024 | ▲ 10.8% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 53.7% | 2024 | ▲ 4.9% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $2.61B | 2024 | ▲ 16.5% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $2.61B | 2024 | ▲ 10.3% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $2.37B | 2025 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $2.09B | 2025 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 1.6% | 2024 | ▲ 155.3% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 1.3% | 2024 | ▲ 376.6% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $75.5M | 2024 | ▲ 168.5% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $33.3M | 2024 | ▼ 58.3% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 | ▼ 60.3% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 0.3% | 2023 | ▼ 9.7% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 1.6% | 2024 | ▼ 24.5% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $78.3M | 2024 | ▼ 20.6% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 27.8% | 2024 | ▼ 2.9% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $1.24B | 2024 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 4.9% | 2024 | ▲ 16.4% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $748.6M | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $199.5M | 2024 | ▼ 22.6% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 2.6% | 2023 | ▲ 14.6% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $110.4M | 2023 | ▲ 13.1% | WB |
▶Finance7 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 23.1% | 2025 | ▲ 6.7% | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 11.4% | 2025 | ▼ 12.5% | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 6.7% | 2025 | ▼ 11.2% | WB |
| Financial Institution or Mobile-Money Account Ownership (Age 15+, %) | 65.1% | 2024 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 65.4% | 2024 | ▼ 5.6% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 64.8% | 2024 | ▲ 3.9% | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 27.8% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 54 | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 9.7% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 50.2% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with a Female Top Manager (%) | 34.0% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 27.7% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Time to Obtain an Operating License (days) | 3.1 | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Competing with Unregistered Firms (%) | 69.8% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.3M | 2025 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.1% | 2025 | ▲ 7.3% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 72 | 2023 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 17,360 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 17,200 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 26.7% | 2025 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 335,667 | 2025 | ▲ 2.9% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 73.3% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 64.3 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 61.3 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 67.1 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 2.7 | 2024 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 23.6 | 2024 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7.7 | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Net Migration | -5,775 | 2025 | ▲ 14.5% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 33.0% | 2025 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 62.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 4.3% | 2025 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 59.6% | 2025 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 6.9% | 2025 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 52.7% | 2025 | ▼ 1.5% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 347 | 2024 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 230.7 | 2024 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 430,869 | 2025 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 51.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 48.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 54.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 34.2% | 2025 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 36.0% | 2025 | ▼ 2.7% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 32.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 54.3% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 14.5% | 2025 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 26.7% | 2025 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 58.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation, Age 15+ (National Estimate, %) | 51.0% | 2023 | ▲ 3.2% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 28.4% | 2025 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 69.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 28.5% | 2023 | ▼ 3.4% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 1.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 48.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 33.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 30.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 36.5% | 2023 | ▲ 6.1% | WB |
▶Education20 indicators · 2014–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 6.0% | 2024 | ▲ 20.5% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 19.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 90.8% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 90.4% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 91.1% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 98.7% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 116.5% | 2023 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 88.3% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 93.6% | 2023 | ▼ 11.3% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 67.6% | 2023 | ▼ 11.8% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 7,275 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 4,410 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 8,880 | 2023 | ▲ 2.3% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 7,225 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 27 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 16 | 2016 | — | WB |
| Primary Education Spending (% of Education Budget) | 50.8% | 2014 | — | WB |
| Persistence to Last Primary Grade (% of Cohort) | 83.2% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Secondary Education Spending (% of Education Budget) | 34.1% | 2014 | — | WB |
| Tertiary Education Spending (% of Education Budget) | 13.3% | 2014 | — | WB |
▶Health50 indicators · 2020–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment17 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Excluding LULUCF (t CO2e) | 0.9 | 2024 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions, Excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) | 1 | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 1,007 | 2023 | ▲ 4.3% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,200 | 2023 | ▲ 3.8% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 83.1% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 64.7% | 2022 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 89.3% | 2024 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 50.3% | 2023 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 16.7 | 2023 | ▼ 9.1% | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 29.1% | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 5,012 | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 10.3% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas (%) | 4.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 80.4% | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 64.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.9% | WHO |
| Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO) | 15.333734866 | 2023 | — | WHO |
| Air Pollution Mortality (household + ambient, age-standardized) | 154.101 | 2021 | — | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 69.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 1,228 | 2023 | ▼ 23.1% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 106 | 2022 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 107.5 | 2022 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 100.2 | 2022 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 71,001 | 2023 | ▼ 12.2% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 65 | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 80.9 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 14.7% | 2023 | ▲ 12.2% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 40.5% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 87,173 | 2023 | ▼ 32.5% | WB |
▶Technology8 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 63.4% | 2024 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 140 | 2024 | ▲ 8.9% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 2.5 | 2024 | ▼ 9.3% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 116.7 | 2024 | ▼ 16.5% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 31 | 2023 | ▼ 29.0% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $3.6M | 2023 | ▼ 10.3% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 2.6% | 2024 | ▼ 38.7% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $6.0M | 2024 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
▶Infrastructure6 indicators · 2011–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 34,663 | 2023 | ▼ 4.1% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0 | 2022 | ▼ 21.9% | WB |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 300 | 2011 | — | WB |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 862 | 2011 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2016–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 21.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 48.2% | 2023 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 64.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Female (%) | 94.9% | 2017 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 68.2 | 2024 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Total (%) | 96.4% | 2017 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.99 | 2016 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.92 | 2019 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.73 | 2023 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.88 | 2023 | ▼ 13.3% | WB |
| Political Stability | -0.36 | 2023 | ▼ 69.9% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.72 | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.6 | 2023 | ▲ 7.4% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.16 | 2023 | ▲ 4.6% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 25.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 19.3% | 2023 | ▼ 16.3% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 28.3% | 2023 | ▲ 9.1% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 30.8% | 2023 | ▼ 22.3% | WB |
▶Military4 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.4% | 2024 | ▲ 4.4% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $79.7M | 2024 | ▲ 13.0% | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 4.8% | 2024 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 12.5 | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2010–2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.37 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.32 | 2010 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.30 | 2010 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 4.5 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 345,300 | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 488,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $7.3M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $36.4M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 0.4% | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $300,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development5 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 2.8% | 2025 | ▲ 5.8% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 17.0% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 0.4% | 2025 | ▲ 7.1% | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 38.2% | 2024 | ▲ 1.0% | WHO |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 60.8% | 2024 | ▲ 1.2% | WHO |
