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Germany

DEUEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeCapital: Berlin
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
76/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$5,499
2027▲ 3.2%
Population
83.5M
2024▲ 0.3%
GDP per Capita
$65,581
2027▲ 3.1%
Life Expectancy
80.5 years
2023▼ 0.1%
Germany in world space2000–2023
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002023
192 countries · log scale on X world Germany· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Germany

Germany's GDP is $5.33T (2026), with a population of 83.5M, and GDP per capita of $63,600. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 0.9%, inflation at 1.8%, unemployment at 3.4%, government debt at 66.0% of GDP, life expectancy of 80.5 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

Located in Europe and Central Asia, this high-income country boasts the third-largest GDP globally, projected at $5.33 trillion in 2026. With a GDP per capita of $64,000 in 2026, the economy is characterized by modest growth, with real GDP expected to expand by 0.9% in 2026. Inflation is projected to be 1.8% in 2026, while the unemployment rate is anticipated to be 3.4%. The economy is highly open to trade, with trade accounting for 79.1% of GDP in 2024. Foreign direct investment inflows are relatively low, at 1.0% of GDP in 2024, indicating a stable and mature economic environment. The population stands at 83.5 million in 2024, with a life expectancy at birth of 80.5 years in 2023. The fertility rate is low, at 1.4 births per woman in 2023. Health spending is substantial, at 12.3% of GDP in 2024, reflecting a strong commitment to public health. The Gini Index of 32.4 in 2020 suggests moderate income inequality. The country's social indicators reflect a developed economy with robust public services and a high standard of living

▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$5,4992027▲ 3.2%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)1.5%2027▲ 66.7%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$65,5812027▲ 3.1%IMF
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$6,5242027▲ 3.2%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$77,8142027▲ 3.1%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)2.84%2027▼ 1.7%IMF
GNI (Current USD)$4.85T2024▲ 2.9%WB
GNI per Capita (USD)$55,0902024▼ 0.6%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$76,1802024▲ 2.7%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)25.6%2024▼ 4.4%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)64.0%2024▲ 0.7%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)0.9%2024▼ 1.6%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)21.1%2023▼ 1.3%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)49.5%2023▼ 0.2%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)21.5%2024▼ 2.2%WB
Gross Savings (% of GNI)27.1%2024▼ 1.7%WB
GDP Deflator (%)3.1%2024▼ 53.5%WB
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$123,4722024▼ 0.2%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)18.0%2024▼ 4.9%WB
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)57.9%2022▲ 1.0%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$42,9822021—WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)14.5%2021—WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)3.8%2024▼ 4.9%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.01%2021▲ 118.4%WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021▼ 100.0%WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.01%2021▲ 108.5%WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.02%2021▲ 371.2%WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)0.1%2021▲ 0.4%WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.03%2021—WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$1.20T2024▼ 1.8%WB
▶Stock Markets1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
DAX23,803.952026▼ 2.8%WB
▶Financial Markets3 indicators · 2025–2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
10-Year Government Bond Yield (%)2.61%2025▲ 12.4%WB
Central Bank Policy Rate (%)2.26%2025▼ 39.4%WB
Exchange Rate (per USD)0.852026—WB
▶Currencies1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
EUR/USD1.17292026▼ 0.2%WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary16 indicators · 2022–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)2.0%2027▲ 11.1%IMF
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)67.8%2027▲ 2.7%IMF
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-4.0%2027▼ 17.6%IMF
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)4.8%2027▼ 5.9%IMF
Unemployment Rate (%)3.0%2027▼ 11.8%IMF
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)2.3%2024▼ 62.1%WB
Government Revenue (% of GDP)28.3%2023▼ 0.6%WB
Government Expenditure (% of GDP)31.2%2022▼ 4.6%WB
Tax Revenue (% of GDP)10.6%2023▼ 5.1%WB
Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue)20.1%2023▼ 4.3%WB
Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev)16.8%2023▼ 4.5%WB
Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP)0.9%2023▼ 7.3%WB
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$377.94B2024▲ 17.1%WB
Total Reserves (months of imports)2.22024▲ 17.8%WB
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)0.922024▼ 0.1%WB
PPP Conversion Factor0.72024▼ 0.0%WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)79.1%2024▼ 3.5%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)41.4%2024▼ 3.6%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)37.7%2024▼ 3.4%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$1.94T2024▼ 1.0%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$1.76T2024▼ 0.8%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$1.68T2024▼ 1.2%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$1.42T2024▼ 3.1%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)1.0%2024▼ 40.2%WB
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)1.7%2024▼ 24.4%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$47.60B2024▼ 38.5%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$21.23B2024▲ 1.0%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)0.5%2024▼ 1.7%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)18.0%2024▲ 1.1%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)5.8%2024▲ 4.7%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$270.45B2024▲ 7.5%WB
▶Finance11 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)77.3%2023▼ 4.7%WB
Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP)43.6%2024▼ 8.6%WB
Stock Market Capitalization (USD)$2.04T2024▼ 6.1%WB
Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP)19.7%2024▼ 13.6%WB
Listed Domestic Companies4352024▼ 4.0%WB
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)7.3%2023▲ 4.2%WB
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)1.5%2023▲ 24.3%WB
Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%)98.3%2024▼ 1.7%WB
Account Ownership, Female (%)98.9%2024▼ 1.1%WB
Account Ownership, Male (%)97.7%2024▼ 2.3%WB
Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%)30.4%2021—WB
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2021 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Time to Get Electricity (days)402021—WB
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2021 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%)4.3%2021—WB
Firms with Female Top Manager (%)33.5%2021—WB
Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%)14.2%2021—WB
Firms Offering Training (%)44.1%2021—WB
Average Firm Age (years)122 years2021—WB
Firms Using Computers (%)16.2%2021—WB
▶People23 indicators · 2020–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population83.5M2024▲ 0.3%WB
Population Growth (%)0.3%2024▲ 109.1%WB
Population Density (per km²)2382023▲ 0.1%WB
Surface Area (sq km)357,6802023▲ 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)349,4302023▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)82.0%2024▲ 0.1%WB
Urban Population (total)68.5M2024▲ 0.4%WB
Rural Population (%)18.0%2024▼ 0.7%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth80.5 years2023▼ 0.1%WB
Life Expectancy, Male78.2 years2023▼ 0.2%WB
Life Expectancy, Female83.0 years2023▲ 0.0%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)1.42023▼ 4.5%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)8.32023▼ 5.7%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)12.32023▼ 3.1%WB
Net Migration-334,0722025▼ 1004.0%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)13.9%2024▼ 0.0%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)62.9%2024▼ 0.6%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)23.2%2024▲ 1.8%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)59.0%2024▲ 1.7%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)36.9%2024▲ 2.4%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)22.1%2024▲ 0.6%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)852020—WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)46.22020—WB
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force43.2M2025▼ 1.4%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)60.6%2025▼ 0.6%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)55.3%2025▼ 0.6%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)66.1%2025▼ 0.6%WB
Unemployment (%)3.7%2025▲ 9.1%WB
Female Unemployment (%)3.4%2025▲ 8.8%WB
Male Unemployment (%)4.0%2025▲ 9.4%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)6.9%2025▲ 3.9%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)1.1%2025▼ 2.0%WB
Employment in Industry (%)26.0%2025▼ 1.2%WB
Employment in Services (%)73.0%2025▲ 0.5%WB
Self-Employed (%)61.7%2024▲ 0.2%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)4.3%2025▼ 0.6%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)91.9%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Part-Time Employment (%)44.2%2024▲ 1.2%WB
Employers (% of total employment)3.8%2025▼ 0.1%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)46.5%2025▼ 0.0%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)58.3%2025▼ 0.9%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)8.1%2025▼ 0.4%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)7.5%2024▼ 3.0%WB
▶Education17 indicators · 2012–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Education Spending (% of GDP)5.2%2022▼ 2.4%WB
Education Spending (% of govt expenditure)10.7%2022▲ 1.0%WB
Primary School Enrollment (%)102.2%2023▲ 2.0%WB
Secondary School Enrollment (%)100.6%2023▼ 0.2%WB
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)78.6%2023▲ 1.6%WB
Primary Completion Rate (%)99.3%2023▲ 1.6%WB
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)64.1%2023▲ 4.1%WB
Out-of-School Children, Primary6,5592023▼ 88.8%WB
Out-of-School Girls, Primary22,6892022▲ 33.8%WB
Primary School Teachers264,9842022▲ 1.5%WB
Secondary School Teachers600,9122022▲ 0.2%WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary122017—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary122017—WB
Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap)12.9%2016—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary)96.52012—WB
Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt)41.3%2016—WB
Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt)26.0%2016—WB
▶Health38 indicators · 2016–2024 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)12.3%2024▲ 4.4%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$6,8492024▲ 7.1%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)9.3%2023▼ 7.2%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)10.7%2024▼ 3.1%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)4.52022▲ 0.7%WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)12.32022▼ 0.1%WHO
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)7.52023▼ 1.2%WHO
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)3.72023▲ 0.0%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)2.32023▲ 0.0%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)42023▲ 0.0%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)3.42023▲ 0.0%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)3.92023▲ 0.0%WHO
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)4.8%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)90.6%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)4.6%2019—WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)96.0%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)89.0%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.12024▲ 0.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)52024▼ 3.6%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)23.2%2022▼ 2.5%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)19.3%2022▼ 2.0%WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)12.92021▲ 0.2%WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)11.82020—WHO
Maternal Deaths262023▼ 11.6%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)5.42024▼ 3.6%WHO
People Living with HIV97,0002024▲ 3.2%WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)89%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)96%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)85%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Physicians (total)462023▲ 1.3%WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel1242023▲ 1.1%WHO
Dentists (total)1.0M2023▲ 1.5%WHO
Pharmacists (total)28,0002023▲ 7.7%WHO
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)0.5%2016—WHO
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)0.6%2016—WHO
Universal Health Coverage Index872023▲ 0.0%WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)2,7782021—WHO
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$6,3952023▲ 2.7%WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)6.92024▼ 1.9%WB
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)5802024▼ 1.6%WB
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)2,9282023▼ 10.2%WB
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)5,9472023▼ 5.8%WB
Renewable Electricity Output (%)39.8%2021▼ 11.2%WB
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)17.6%2021—WB
Access to Electricity (%)100.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)100.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)10.32020—WB
Forest Area (%)32.7%2023▼ 0.0%WB
Forest Area (sq km)114,1902023▲ 0.0%WB
Arable Land (%)33.4%2023▲ 0.2%WB
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)40.1%2024▲ 3.6%WB
Marine Protected Areas (%)45.4%2024▼ 0.2%WB
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)100.0%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)99.2%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
▶Agriculture12 indicators · 2020–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Agricultural Land (%)47.5%2023▼ 0.1%WB
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)7,0072023▼ 1.7%WB
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)92.72022▼ 1.9%WB
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)91.52022▲ 1.2%WB
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)93.32022▼ 3.8%WB
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)6.1M2023▼ 0.7%WB
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)182,4642023▲ 1.5%WB
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)128.62023▲ 10.0%WB
Prevalence of Undernourishment (%)2.5%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Agricultural Irrigated Land (%)3.1%2020—WB
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)24.1%2022▲ 0.0%WB
Cereal Production (metric tons)42.5M2023▼ 2.3%WB
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Internet Users (%)93.5%2024▲ 1.1%WB
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)1252023▲ 0.4%WB
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)45.42023▲ 1.7%WB
Secure Internet Servers (per million)152,113.82024▲ 8.7%WB
R&D Spending (% of GDP)3.13%2022▲ 0.1%WB
Patent Applications, Residents39,8222021—WB
Patent Applications, Non-Residents18,7472021—WB
Scientific Journal Articles113,9762022▼ 4.7%WB
High-Technology Exports (USD)$246.64B2024▼ 5.2%WB
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)11.5%2024▲ 4.1%WB
ICT Service Exports (USD)$53.94B2024▲ 8.1%WB
Industrial Design Applications, Resident33,4482021▼ 6.5%WB
Researchers in R&D (per million)5,7872022▲ 4.8%WB
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2020–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Air Transport, Passengers Carried80.2M2023▲ 16.2%WB
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)12,766.52023▼ 0.7%WB
Container Port Traffic (TEU)13.7M2022▼ 6.6%WB
Rail Lines (total km)33,4012021—WB
Railways, Passengers (million km)58,8222020—WB
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)123,0672021▲ 13.5%WB
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)4.102022—WB
Electricity from Oil (%)1.0%2023▲ 16.0%WB
Electricity from Nuclear (%)1.4%2023▼ 76.5%WB
▶Gender8 indicators · 2017–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Women in Parliament (%)35.3%2024▲ 0.4%WB
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)56.7%2024▲ 0.3%WB
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)94.1%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Girls Out-of-School Rate (%)104.9%2017—WB
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)5.52023▼ 1.9%WB
Gender Parity Index, Primary104.962017—WB
Gender Parity Index, Secondary0.952020—WB
Gender Parity in Primary Education1.012020—WB
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption1.662023▼ 8.5%WB
Government Effectiveness1.192023▼ 8.1%WB
Political Stability0.592023▼ 6.6%WB
Regulatory Quality1.462023▼ 4.3%WB
Rule of Law1.552023▲ 1.3%WB
Voice & Accountability1.462023▲ 3.3%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)94.3%2023▼ 1.5%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)85.4%2023▼ 3.2%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)92.9%2023▲ 1.0%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)66.4%2023▼ 0.9%WB
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Military Spending (% of GDP)1.9%2024▲ 27.1%WB
Military Expenditure (USD)$88.46B2024▲ 31.5%WB
Armed Forces Personnel183,0002020—WB
Armed Forces (% of labor force)0.4%2020—WB
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)3.9%2024▲ 27.7%WB
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)0.92023▲ 11.6%WB
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2020–2021 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)0.2%2020—WB
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)0.2%2020—WB
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)0.5%2020—WB
Poverty Headcount, National (%)14.8%2021—WB
Gini Index32.42020—WB
Income Share, Top 10%25.0%2020—WB
Income Share, Bottom 10%2.9%2020—WB
Income Share, Top 20%40.0%2020—WB
Income Share, Bottom 20%7.8%2020—WB
Shared Prosperity Premium (%)2.9%2020—WB
Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day)79.632020—WB
Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%)0.2%2020—WB
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.752020—WB
Human Capital Index, Female0.772020—WB
Human Capital Index, Male0.742020—WB
Learning-Adjusted Years of School11.0 years2020—WB
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2019–2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
International Tourism, Arrivals12.4M2020—WB
International Tourism, Departures99.5M2019—WB
Tourism Receipts (USD)$58.37B2019—WB
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$101.23B2019—WB
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)3.5%2019—WB
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$16.59B2019—WB
▶Urban Development8 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Urban Population Growth (%)0.4%2024▲ 52.7%WB
Population in Largest City3.6M2025▲ 0.1%WB
Population in Largest City (% of urban)5.3%2025▲ 0.8%WB
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)9.8%2025▲ 1.0%WB
Population in Slums (% of urban)0.0%2022—WB
Rural Population Growth (%)-0.4%2024▲ 26.1%WB
Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%)99.9%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)96.8%2024▲ 0.0%WHO

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