Germany · Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO)
8.92023
Unit: micrograms per cubic metre. Publisher measure: Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
Annual population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in urban areas, matching WHO SDG11.6.2 metadata; label urban scope explicitly.
Measurement basis: model-based estimate.
Displayed values are rounded, with extra precision when needed to keep a positive estimate positive. Downloads retain the full numeric estimate and the publisher's original display text separately.
A “<” sign means strictly below the stated number. Numeric readings and uncertainty endpoints keep their own comparison signs. A number without a sign does not establish certainty or an observed outcome.
World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory); retrieved 2026-09-07. Retrieval time is separate from an official publisher release vintage.
Download this immutable source capture · Source and coverage corrections
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.
History and uncertainty
Charts plot numeric readings. Reported upper bounds create gaps; their values, uncertainty endpoints and source notes remain available in the table and downloads.
Reported estimates and uncertainty · 14 rows
Each comparison sign applies to its own reading or uncertainty endpoint. Values retain source precision. “Not reported” identifies an absent reading or uncertainty endpoint in this source capture.
| Country | Year | Reading | Lower endpoint | Upper endpoint | Publisher note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 2010 | 14.678211791 | 14.444399309 | 14.903002618 | — |
| Germany | 2011 | 14.935702319 | 14.638734854 | 15.17722781 | — |
| Germany | 2012 | 13.159252259 | 12.916684102 | 13.362040501 | — |
| Germany | 2013 | 12.794681632 | 12.5909012 | 12.972139915 | — |
| Germany | 2014 | 12.288801271 | 12.089702101 | 12.477521317 | — |
| Germany | 2015 | 12.087545338 | 11.883891143 | 12.276384659 | — |
| Germany | 2016 | 11.099162073 | 10.90586836 | 11.254522357 | — |
| Germany | 2017 | 11.193953567 | 11.013704801 | 11.359506804 | — |
| Germany | 2018 | 11.338675418 | 11.122512951 | 11.491306768 | — |
| Germany | 2019 | 10.260734235 | 10.077972345 | 10.438224599 | — |
| Germany | 2020 | 9.309022784 | 9.144332057 | 9.477478981 | — |
| Germany | 2021 | 9.697460837 | 9.532928654 | 9.850924308 | — |
| Germany | 2022 | 9.837134014 | 9.689872849 | 10.013126325 | — |
| Germany | 2023 | 8.85009277 | 8.682379766 | 9.008663317 | — |
One row per country, indicator and year, with raw values, source links and reuse notices. Thresholds have an empty numeric value and separate number/operator fields; value_kind distinguishes upper bounds from absent readings.