Jamaica
JAMLatin America & Caribbean Upper middle incomeCapital: KingstonEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
71/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$23.03B
2026▲ 3.2%
Population
2.8M
2024▼ 0.0%
GDP per Capita
$8,356
2026▲ 3.1%
Life Expectancy
71.5 years
2023▼ 0.0%
Jamaica in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Jamaica· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Jamaica
Jamaica's GDP is $23.03B (2026), with a population of 2.8M, and GDP per capita of $8,356. Key indicators include real GDP growth of -1.2%, inflation at 6.1%, unemployment at 3.4%, government debt at 65.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 71.6 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy25 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary22 indicators · 2020–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Trade10 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $1.87B | 2024 | ▼ 6.7% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $7.29B | 2024 | ▼ 4.0% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 1.4% | 2024 | ▼ 39.7% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.0% | 2024 | ▲ 126.7% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $305.1M | 2024 | ▼ 38.0% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $3.56B | 2024 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 16.2% | 2024 | ▼ 3.7% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 2.6% | 2023 | ▲ 79.9% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 3.1% | 2024 | ▲ 16.1% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $678.8M | 2024 | ▲ 19.3% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 76.1% | 2024 | ▼ 5.5% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $14.84B | 2024 | ▼ 3.6% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 11.3% | 2024 | ▼ 19.8% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $7.61B | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $1.74B | 2024 | ▲ 8.2% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 0.4% | 2023 | ▼ 21.9% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $86.4M | 2023 | ▼ 10.6% | WB |
▶Finance10 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 152.3% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 45.1% | 2024 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 56.5% | 2024 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $12.43B | 2024 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 2.2% | 2024 | ▲ 67.7% | WB |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 101 | 2024 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 73.3% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 71.6% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 75.1% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 32.3% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 18 | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 2.3% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 66.9% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 37.9% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 23.0% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 13 years | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 73.4% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 2.8M | 2024 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.0% | 2024 | ▼ 195.2% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 262 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 10,990 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 10,830 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 58.9% | 2024 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 1.7M | 2024 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 41.1% | 2024 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 71.5 years | 2023 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 69.0 years | 2023 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 74.0 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.4 | 2023 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 11.6 | 2023 | ▼ 2.0% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 8.1 | 2023 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| Net Migration | -11,053 | 2025 | ▼ 5.2% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 18.7% | 2024 | ▼ 2.3% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 73.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 8.2% | 2024 | ▲ 4.4% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 36.8% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 11.2% | 2024 | ▲ 4.3% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 25.6% | 2024 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 201.5 | 2023 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 123.3 | 2023 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 1.6M | 2025 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 69.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 63.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 76.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 3.3% | 2025 | ▲ 4.3% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 4.3% | 2025 | ▲ 4.8% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 2.4% | 2025 | ▲ 3.5% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 10.8% | 2025 | ▲ 4.1% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 13.9% | 2025 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 17.1% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 68.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Self-Employed (%) | 66.4% | 2023 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 31.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 64.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 7.2% | 2023 | ▼ 15.9% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 4.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 46.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 67.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 35.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 19.7% | 2023 | ▼ 9.6% | WB |
▶Education18 indicators · 2018–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 5.5% | 2024 | ▼ 2.5% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 17.9% | 2024 | ▲ 5.5% | WB |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 90.8% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 93.6% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 87.7% | 2023 | ▼ 5.9% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 85.4% | 2023 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 81.1% | 2023 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 83.9% | 2023 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 27,604 | 2023 | ▲ 79.0% | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 13,101 | 2023 | ▲ 52.5% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 12,548 | 2023 | ▲ 12.8% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 12,546 | 2023 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 25 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 17 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 34.2% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 66.4 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 37.7% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 19.6% | 2018 | — | WB |
▶Health38 indicators · 2018–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 2.8 | 2024 | ▲ 4.8% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 8 | 2024 | ▲ 4.8% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 969 | 2022 | ▲ 10.0% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,148 | 2022 | ▲ 3.6% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 12.8% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 10.5% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 97.7% | 2023 | ▼ 2.3% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 93.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 21.7 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 56.2% | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 6,085 | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 11.1% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 1.6% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.7% | 2024 | ▼ 12.5% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 87.6% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 91.6% | 2024 | ▲ 0.6% | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 38.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 1,140 | 2023 | ▼ 1.9% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 113.3 | 2022 | ▲ 7.2% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 111.7 | 2022 | ▲ 6.9% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 114.9 | 2022 | ▲ 7.4% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 2,009 | 2023 | ▼ 3.7% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 12,529 | 2023 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 59.2 | 2023 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 7.7% | 2023 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 12.4% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 2,291 | 2023 | ▼ 5.6% | WB |
▶Technology11 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 89.5% | 2023 | ▲ 8.5% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 115 | 2023 | ▲ 8.8% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 15.8 | 2023 | ▲ 5.5% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 192 | 2024 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 16 | 2021 | ▲ 60.0% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 60 | 2021 | ▲ 27.7% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 168 | 2022 | ▼ 20.8% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $1.2M | 2023 | ▲ 31.8% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 2.4% | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $127.6M | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 94 | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Infrastructure6 indicators · 2018–2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 180,951 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0 | 2019 | — | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 2.1M | 2022 | ▲ 8.2% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.50 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 34.2% | 2022 | ▲ 20.4% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2007–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 27.4% | 2024 | ▼ 4.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 60.6% | 2023 | ▲ 3.8% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 69.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 79.3% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 36.5 | 2023 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 79.34 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.07 | 2007 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2007 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.11 | 2023 | ▼ 380.6% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.41 | 2023 | ▼ 32.6% | WB |
| Political Stability | 0.38 | 2023 | ▲ 5.7% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.1 | 2023 | ▼ 48.5% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.17 | 2023 | ▼ 146.0% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.56 | 2023 | ▼ 4.5% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 50.9% | 2023 | ▼ 5.3% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 66.0% | 2023 | ▼ 7.9% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 44.8% | 2023 | ▼ 13.6% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 57.3% | 2023 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.3% | 2024 | ▲ 7.4% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $262.5M | 2024 | ▲ 14.0% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 6,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 4.1% | 2024 | ▲ 5.9% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 49.4 | 2023 | ▼ 6.9% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2021–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 1.4% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 5.1% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 22.9% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 8.2% | 2023 | ▼ 50.9% | WB |
| Gini Index | 39.9 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 29.6% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 45.8% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 5.7% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 2.3% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 18.94 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.3% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.53 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.56 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.51 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 7.1 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism2 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 1.3M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $291.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development6 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 0.8% | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 603,770 | 2025 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 35.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.9% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.2% | 2024 | ▼ 8.8% | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 73.6% | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WHO |
