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Saudi Arabia

Capital: RiyadhRegion: Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanIncome: High income
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Saudi Arabia's GDP is $1.32T (2026), with a population of 35.3M, and GDP per capita of $35,839. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.0%, inflation at 2.0%, unemployment at 3.5%, government debt at 31.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 78.7 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Saudi Arabia's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.

GDP
$1.32T
2026
Population
35.3M
2024
GDP per Capita
$35,839
2026
Life Expectancy
78.7 years
2023
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook

Economy

IndicatorValueYear
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$1.32T2026
Real GDP Growth (%)4.0%2026
GDP per Capita (USD)$35,8392026
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$2.85T2026
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$77,4852026
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)1.30%2026
GNI (Current USD)$1.25T2024
GNI per Capita (USD)$35,6302024
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$71,7302024
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)44.9%2024
Services Value Added (% of GDP)47.1%2024
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)2.5%2024
Government Consumption (% of GDP)21.3%2024
Household Consumption (% of GDP)44.9%2024
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)30.2%2024
Gross Savings (% of GNI)29.9%2024
GDP Deflator (%)-0.3%2024
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$131,0272024
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)15.7%2024
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)29.1%2022
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$18,8382020
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)10.9%2020
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)3.5%2024
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.16%2021
Oil Rents (% of GDP)23.69%2021
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)1.72%2021
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)25.6%2021
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$557.10B2024

Stock Markets

IndicatorValueYear
Tadawul All Share11,268.382026

Fiscal & Monetary

IndicatorValueYear
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)2.0%2026
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)31.8%2026
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-3.7%2026
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-2.5%2026
Unemployment Rate (%)3.5%2024
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)1.7%2024
Government Revenue (% of GDP)27.1%2024
Government Expenditure (% of GDP)24.2%2023
Tax Revenue (% of GDP)8.2%2024
Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue)22.9%2024
Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue)1.9%2024
Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev)2.5%2024
Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP)4.1%2024
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$463.87B2024
Total Reserves (months of imports)15.12024
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)3.752024
PPP Conversion Factor1.852024

Trade

IndicatorValueYear
Trade (% of GDP)54.7%2024
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)29.1%2024
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)25.6%2024
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$360.90B2024
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$317.01B2024
Merchandise Exports (USD)$305.50B2024
Merchandise Imports (USD)$232.81B2024
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)1.7%2024
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)2.2%2024
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$21.34B2024
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$338.5M2024
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)0.0%2024
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)0.5%2024
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-1.3%2024
Current Account Balance (USD)$-16.25B2024

Finance

IndicatorValueYear
Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP)220.0%2024
Stock Market Capitalization (USD)$2.73T2024
Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP)38.2%2024
Listed Domestic Companies3522024
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)13.7%2023
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)1.5%2023
Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%)78.8%2024
Account Ownership, Female (%)73.5%2024
Account Ownership, Male (%)81.8%2024
Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%)13.1%2022

Business Environment

IndicatorValueYear
Time to Get Electricity (days)62022

Private Sector

IndicatorValueYear
Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%)2.3%2022
Firms with Female Top Manager (%)4.9%2022
Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%)3.0%2022
Firms Offering Training (%)3.9%2022
Average Firm Age (years)7 years2022
Firms Using Computers (%)19.0%2022

People

IndicatorValueYear
Population35.3M2024
Population Growth (%)4.6%2024
Population Density (per km²)162023
Surface Area (sq km)2.1M2023
Land Area (sq km)2.1M2023
Urban Population (%)84.5%2024
Urban Population (total)29.8M2024
Rural Population (%)15.5%2024
Life Expectancy at Birth78.7 years2023
Life Expectancy, Male77.1 years2023
Life Expectancy, Female81.2 years2023
Fertility Rate (births per woman)2.32023
Birth Rate (per 1,000)16.42023
Death Rate (per 1,000)2.32023
Net Migration119,7382025
Population Ages 0–14 (%)23.8%2024
Population Ages 15–64 (%)73.2%2024
Population Ages 65+ (%)3.0%2024
Age Dependency Ratio (%)36.6%2024
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)4.0%2024
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)32.5%2024
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)95.62023
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)56.22023

Labor

IndicatorValueYear
Total Labor Force17.9M2025
Labor Force Participation (%)65.1%2025
Female Labor Force Participation (%)33.6%2025
Male Labor Force Participation (%)83.3%2025
Unemployment (%)3.0%2025
Female Unemployment (%)9.7%2025
Male Unemployment (%)1.5%2025
Youth Unemployment (%)10.0%2025
Employment in Agriculture (%)2.5%2025
Employment in Industry (%)23.1%2025
Employment in Services (%)74.4%2025
Self-Employed (%)66.3%2024
Vulnerable Employment (%)1.7%2025
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)94.5%2025
Employers (% of total employment)3.9%2025
Labor Force, Female (% of total)18.9%2025
Employment to Population Ratio (%)63.1%2025
Self-Employed (% of total)5.5%2025
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)16.2%2024

Education

IndicatorValueYear
Education Spending (% of GDP)5.1%2023
Education Spending (% of govt expenditure)14.8%2024
Adult Literacy Rate (%)97.9%2024
Female Literacy Rate (%)96.7%2024
Male Literacy Rate (%)98.6%2024
Youth Literacy Rate (%)99.9%2024
Primary School Enrollment (%)104.0%2024
Secondary School Enrollment (%)110.7%2024
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)83.9%2024
Primary Completion Rate (%)99.4%2024
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)103.5%2024
Out-of-School Children, Primary17,4582024
Out-of-School Girls, Primary4,6332024
Primary School Teachers244,6522024
Secondary School Teachers242,3752024
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary142018
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary122018
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary)82.42018

Health

IndicatorValueYear
Health Spending (% of GDP)5.7%2023
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$1,8252023
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)4.4%2023
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)14.1%2023
Physicians (per 1,000 people)3.42023
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)6.62023
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)2.42023
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)6.22023
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)32023
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)72023
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)62023
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)6.32023
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)7.1%2019
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)73.4%2019
Cause of Death, Injury (%)19.5%2019
Measles Immunization (% of children)96.0%2024
DPT Immunization (% of children)97.0%2024
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.12024
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)82024
Stunting, Children Under 5 (%)10.8%2020
Overweight, Children Under 5 (%)11.6%2020
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)27.6%2022
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)2.1%2022
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)0.92021
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)02020
Maternal Deaths402023
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)8.42024
People Living with HIV13,0002024
Malaria Deaths (estimated)02024
Malaria Incidence (per 1K at risk)02024
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)97%2024
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)96%2024
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)97%2024
Physicians (total)342023
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel662023
Dentists (total)213,1102023
Pharmacists (total)4,9972023
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)3.9%2020
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)3.5%2020
Universal Health Coverage Index832023
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)6,6512021
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$1,8252023

Energy & Environment

IndicatorValueYear
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)18.52024
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)6532024
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)7,5302022
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)11,8352022
Renewable Electricity Output (%)0.1%2021
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)0.1%2021
Access to Electricity (%)100.0%2023
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)100.0%2023
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)53.12020
Forest Area (%)0.5%2023
Forest Area (sq km)9,7702023
Arable Land (%)1.6%2023
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)17.0%2024
Marine Protected Areas (%)3.5%2024
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)99.0%2024
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)97.6%2024

Agriculture

IndicatorValueYear
Agricultural Land (%)80.8%2023
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)5,1222023
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)172.72022
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)182.32022
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)164.72022
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)232,9322023
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)69,0552023
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)122.42023
Prevalence of Undernourishment (%)2.5%2023
Agricultural Irrigated Land (%)0.4%2023
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)974.2%2022
Cereal Production (metric tons)1.2M2023

Technology

IndicatorValueYear
Internet Users (%)100.0%2024
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)1582023
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)43.62023
Secure Internet Servers (per million)482.82024
R&D Spending (% of GDP)0.56%2023
Patent Applications, Residents1,3982021
Patent Applications, Non-Residents2,5812021
Scientific Journal Articles25,8252022
High-Technology Exports (USD)$243.4M2024
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)3.5%2024
ICT Service Exports (USD)$2.17B2024
Industrial Design Applications, Resident8532021
Researchers in R&D (per million)1,1212023

Infrastructure

IndicatorValueYear
Air Transport, Passengers Carried48.0M2023
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)1,036.82023
Container Port Traffic (TEU)10.5M2022
Rail Lines (total km)2,9392018
Railways, Passengers (million km)1352018
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)1,8522010
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)3.402022
Electricity from Oil (%)41.2%2022
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021

Gender

IndicatorValueYear
Women in Parliament (%)19.9%2024
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)33.5%2024
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)93.2%2025
Girls Out-of-School Rate (%)92.1%2018
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)11.12023
Gender Parity Index, Primary91.512018
Gender Parity Index, Secondary0.962021
Gender Parity in Primary Education1.012021

Governance

IndicatorValueYear
Control of Corruption0.542023
Government Effectiveness0.82023
Political Stability-0.212023
Regulatory Quality0.522023
Rule of Law0.412023
Voice & Accountability-1.422023
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)66.5%2023
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)78.8%2023
Rule of Law (percentile rank)62.7%2023
Political Stability (percentile rank)39.8%2023

Military

IndicatorValueYear
Military Spending (% of GDP)7.3%2024
Military Expenditure (USD)$80.33B2024
Armed Forces Personnel282,0002020
Armed Forces (% of labor force)1.9%2020
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)22.3%2024
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)0.92019

Social Protection

IndicatorValueYear
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.582020
Human Capital Index, Female0.602020
Human Capital Index, Male0.562020
Learning-Adjusted Years of School7.9 years2020

Tourism

IndicatorValueYear
International Tourism, Arrivals20.3M2019
International Tourism, Departures27.2M2019
Tourism Receipts (USD)$5.96B2020
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$9.07B2020
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)3.2%2020
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$1.92B2020

Urban Development

IndicatorValueYear
Urban Population Growth (%)4.8%2024
Population in Largest City8.0M2025
Population in Largest City (% of urban)26.2%2025
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)50.7%2025
Population in Slums (% of urban)0.6%2022
Rural Population Growth (%)3.6%2024
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)83.9%2024

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GDP Rankings →GDP per Capita Rankings →GDP Growth Rankings →Population Rankings →Inflation Rankings →Unemployment Rankings →Life Expectancy Rankings →Debt-to-GDP Rankings →Inequality Rankings →CO₂ Emissions Rankings →

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