Eritrea
ERISub-Saharan Africa Low incomeCapital: AsmaraEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
47/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$1.98B
2019▼ 1.2%
Population
3.6M
2025▲ 2.0%
GDP per Capita
$567
2019▼ 2.4%
Life Expectancy
68.9 years
2024▲ 0.4%
▶About Eritrea
Eritrea has a population of 3.6M (2025). Key indicators include life expectancy of 68.9 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy8 indicators · 2011–2022 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP (Current USD) | $1.98B | 2019 | ▼ 1.2% | IMF |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 3.8% | 2019 | ▼ 70.8% | IMF |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | $567 | 2019 | ▼ 2.4% | IMF |
| GDP, PPP (Intl $) | $6.37B | 2019 | ▲ 4.5% | IMF |
| GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $) | $1,821 | 2019 | ▲ 3.2% | IMF |
| Share of World GDP, PPP (%) | 0.01% | 2019 | ▲ 0.0% | IMF |
| Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total) | 10.2% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| GDP per Capita (Constant 2015 US$) | $751 | 2011 | — | WB |
▶Fiscal & Monetary9 indicators · 2019–2026 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 1.3% | 2019 | ▲ 109.0% | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 260.4% | 2019 | ▼ 2.5% | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | 2.7% | 2019 | ▼ 48.1% | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 13.0% | 2019 | ▼ 16.1% | IMF |
| Total Investment (% of GDP) | 6.7% | 2026 | ▼ 1.3% | IMF |
| Gross National Savings (% of GDP) | 17.0% | 2026 | ▲ 1.0% | IMF |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $191.7M | 2019 | ▲ 17.6% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 15.07 | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 4.94 | 2021 | ▼ 1.5% | WB |
▶Trade3 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $631.0M | 2025 | ▲ 10.1% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $524.0M | 2025 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $-27.9M | 2024 | ▼ 1450.0% | WB |
▶External Debt4 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $693.3M | 2024 | ▼ 4.5% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $417.6M | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $39.6M | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $129.2M | 2023 | ▲ 103.5% | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 3.6M | 2025 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2025 | ▲ 7.4% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 29 | 2023 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 121,766 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 121,178 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 34.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 1.2M | 2025 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 65.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 68.9 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 66.8 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 70.9 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 3.7 | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 28.7 | 2024 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 6 | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Net Migration | -6,698 | 2025 | ▲ 47.2% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 37.6% | 2025 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 58.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 4.3% | 2025 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 72.0% | 2025 | ▼ 2.0% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 7.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 64.6% | 2025 | ▼ 2.3% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 214.1 | 2024 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 155.9 | 2024 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
▶Labor17 indicators · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 1.8M | 2025 | ▲ 2.9% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 78.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 72.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 84.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 6.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 6.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 5.3% | 2025 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 10.2% | 2025 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 55.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 12.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 31.8% | 2025 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 47.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 47.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 4.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 73.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 52.4% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
▶Education14 indicators · 2004–2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 89.7% | 2022 | ▲ 13.9% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 44.0% | 2022 | ▼ 4.6% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 61.3% | 2022 | ▼ 10.1% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 53.4% | 2022 | ▲ 8.4% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 179,166 | 2022 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 95,607 | 2022 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 12,025 | 2022 | ▲ 33.2% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 9,725 | 2022 | ▲ 30.8% | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 39 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 35 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Primary Education Spending (% of Education Budget) | 23.1% | 2004 | — | WB |
| Persistence to Last Primary Grade (% of Cohort) | 80.0% | 2017 | — | WB |
| Secondary Education Spending (% of Education Budget) | 21.1% | 2004 | — | WB |
| Tertiary Education Spending (% of Education Budget) | 31.9% | 2004 | — | WB |
▶Health47 indicators · 2010–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Excluding LULUCF (t CO2e) | 0.2 | 2024 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions, Excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) | 1 | 2024 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 292 | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 123 | 2023 | ▲ 3.8% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 5.1% | 2021 | ▼ 11.9% | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 80.7% | 2021 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 55.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 12.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 33.7 | 2023 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 8.6% | 2023 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 10,458 | 2023 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 5.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.0% | 2025 | — | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.0% | 2025 | — | WB |
| Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO) | 25.006971191 | 2023 | — | WHO |
| Air Pollution Mortality (household + ambient, age-standardized) | 238.298 | 2021 | — | WHO |
▶Agriculture10 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 62.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 638 | 2024 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 106.1 | 2022 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 100.6 | 2022 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 109.3 | 2022 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 478,367 | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 2,459 | 2024 | ▲ 32.1% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 1.9 | 2023 | ▼ 52.5% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 20.8% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 305,210 | 2024 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
▶Technology5 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 20.0% | 2023 | ▲ 7.0% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 59 | 2022 | ▲ 10.0% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0.2 | 2022 | ▲ 10.8% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 2 | 2024 | ▲ 587.1% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 29 | 2023 | ▼ 3.0% | WB |
▶Infrastructure6 indicators · 2018–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 45,104 | 2020 | ▼ 55.5% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0 | 2019 | — | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 27,453 | 2019 | ▼ 26.3% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.09 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 89.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender7 indicators · 2018–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 22.0% | 2019 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 41.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Female (%) | 68.7% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 65.2 | 2024 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Total (%) | 73.4% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.92 | 2019 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.86 | 2019 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.48 | 2023 | ▼ 15.1% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -1.79 | 2023 | ▼ 3.6% | WB |
| Political Stability | -0.79 | 2023 | ▲ 17.2% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -2.36 | 2023 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -1.76 | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.86 | 2023 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 5.7% | 2023 | ▼ 29.4% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 2.8% | 2023 | ▼ 25.0% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 2.8% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 17.5% | 2023 | ▲ 16.2% | WB |
▶Military2 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armed Forces Personnel | 202,000 | 2020 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 13.3% | 2020 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
▶Tourism2 indicators · 2016 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 142,000 | 2016 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $48.0M | 2016 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development5 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2025 | ▲ 43.6% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 1.2M | 2025 | ▲ 3.6% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 92.5% | 2025 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 48.7% | 2022 | ▼ 6.3% | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2025 | ▼ 5.4% | WB |
