Sri Lanka
Capital: ColomboRegion: South AsiaIncome: Lower middle income
Sri Lanka's GDP is $98.96B (2024), with a population of 21.9M, and GDP per capita of $4,325. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 5.0%, inflation at 1.2%, unemployment at 4.8%, government debt at 100.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 77.5 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Sri Lanka's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 100.8% | 2024 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -5.6% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 1.8% | 2024 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 4.8% | 2024 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | -0.4% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 11.1% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 18.1% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 9.9% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 46.1% | 2023 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 12.8% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 29.6% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 2.4% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $6.09B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 2.9 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 327.51 | 2023 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 87.27 | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 42.4% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 19.9% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 22.5% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $19.68B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $22.28B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $12.77B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $18.84B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $761.1M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $6.72B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 6.8% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 1.5% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $1.21B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 58.9% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $56.83B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 5.0% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $32.73B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $2.90B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 1.0% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $827.3M | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 19.7% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $19.50B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 1.5% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 284 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 6.4% | 2022 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 12.0% | 2022 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 81.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 80.2% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 83.4% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 21.9M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.6% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 356 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 65,610 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 61,860 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 20.3% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 4.4M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 79.7% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 77.5 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 74.2 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 80.6 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 2 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 11.2 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 8.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -30,724 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 22.0% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 65.9% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 12.1% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 51.8% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 18.4% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 33.4% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 128.9 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 55.1 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 8.4M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 48.5% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 31.0% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 67.8% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 4.0% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 6.5% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 2.8% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 18.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 25.9% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 26.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 47.8% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 48.5% | 2023 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 39.2% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 57.9% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 30.1% | 2023 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 2.8% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 33.4% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 46.6% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 42.1% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 18.2% | 2023 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 1.8% | 2023 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 7.2% | 2024 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 92.7% | 2023 |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 92.0% | 2023 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 93.4% | 2023 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 99.1% | 2023 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 91.5% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 88.0% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 20.7% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 94.5% | 2023 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 91.9% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 157,499 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 72,506 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 73,333 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 155,543 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 22 | 2018 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 18 | 2018 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 29.9% | 2018 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 97.9 | 2022 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 45.7% | 2018 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 20.7% | 2018 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 1.1 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 23 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 474 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 684 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 49.2% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 48.8% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 35.4% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 20 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 34.0% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 21,035 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 22.2% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 3.4% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 90.2% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 95.4% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 48.6% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,804 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 99.2 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 95.7 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 125.1 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 1.2M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 338,161 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 153.9 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 7.4% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 24.5% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 4.7M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 51.2% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 142 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 8.8 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 448.7 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.11% | 2022 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 266 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 273 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 2,483 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $120.8M | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 14.1% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $971.5M | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 112 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 94 | 2022 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 3.9M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 278.5 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 6.9M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 1,562 | 2019 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 127 | 2015 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.80 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 15.1% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 10.0% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 31.2% | 2023 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 59.6% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 98.5% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 15.1 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 98.78 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.05 | 2018 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.38 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.25 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -0.51 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.51 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -0.09 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.23 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 40.1% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 41.0% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 50.0% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 25.6% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.4% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $1.33B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 317,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 3.7% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 7.3% | 2022 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 3.3 | 2019 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 8.5% | 2019 |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 30.0% | 2019 |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 37.5% | 2019 |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.60 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 8.5 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 540,000 | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 305,000 | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $1.08B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $803.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 8.2% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $394.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 0.2% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 647,557 | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 14.4% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 44.7% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -0.7% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 46.9% | 2024 |
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