Bosnia and Herzegovina
Capital: SarajevoRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: Upper middle income
GDP
$36.24B
2026
Population
3.2M
2024
GDP per Capita
$11K
2026
Life Expectancy
77.8 years
2023
Economy
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (Current USD, Billions) | $36.24B | 2026 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 2.7% | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | $11K | 2026 |
| GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $) | $82.23B | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $) | $24K | 2026 |
| Share of World GDP, PPP (%) | 0.04% | 2026 |
| GNI (Current USD) | $29.55B | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita (USD) | $9K | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita, PPP (USD) | $25K | 2024 |
| Industry Value Added (% of GDP) | 22.4% | 2024 |
| Services Value Added (% of GDP) | 56.6% | 2024 |
| Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP) | 4.5% | 2024 |
| Government Consumption (% of GDP) | 19.7% | 2024 |
| Household Consumption (% of GDP) | 69.2% | 2024 |
| Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP) | 27.5% | 2024 |
| Gross Savings (% of GNI) | 21.1% | 2024 |
| GDP Deflator (%) | 4.1% | 2024 |
| GDP per Person Employed (USD) | $54K | 2024 |
| Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP) | 12.7% | 2024 |
| Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total) | 16.9% | 2022 |
| Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD) | $6K | 2021 |
| External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP) | -13.4% | 2024 |
| Coal Rents (% of GDP) | 0.30% | 2021 |
| Mineral Rents (% of GDP) | 0.04% | 2021 |
| Oil Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2021 |
| Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2021 |
| Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2021 |
| Forest Rents (% of GDP) | 0.47% | 2021 |
| Industry Value Added (Current USD) | $6.64B | 2024 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.6% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 31.6% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -2.7% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -3.9% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 12.6% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 1.7% | 2024 |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 4.5% | 2024 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 1.6% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 39.9% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 37.8% | 2024 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 20.3% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 42.7% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 9.9% | 2024 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 2.7% | 2024 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $9.42B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 6.5 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1.81 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 71.7% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 95.2% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 54.3% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $12.10B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $16.08B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $8.89B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $15.85B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 3.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $1.00B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $3.12B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 10.6% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 6.2% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -3.5% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-1.03B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 49.2% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $13.89B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 4.9% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $4.41B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $703.6M | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 1.1% | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 53.9% | 2024 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 48.3% | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 10.1% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 3.8% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 77.5% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 75.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 79.3% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 38.0% | 2023 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 101 | 2023 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 0.1% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 23.7% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 15.3% | 2023 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 14 years | 2023 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 27.5% | 2023 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 3.2M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.7% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 62 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 51,210 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 51,200 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 52.1% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 1.6M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 47.9% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 77.8 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 74.4 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 80.9 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.5 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 7.7 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 13.5 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -6,994 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 13.0% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 64.7% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 22.2% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 54.5% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 119.2 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 60.2 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 1.3M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 49.0% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 39.2% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 60.0% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 11.0% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 13.3% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 9.4% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 28.2% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 16.7% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 30.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 52.7% | 2025 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 18.1% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 77.9% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 6.0% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 4.0% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 42.4% | 2025 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 3.2% | 2023 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 10.2% | 2021 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 101.2% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 87.9% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 45.5% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 100.5% | 2023 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 93.8% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 2,933 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 738 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 9,722 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 27,426 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 17 | 2018 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 9 | 2018 |
Health
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Health Spending (% of GDP) | 8.9% | 2023 |
| Health Spending per Capita (USD) | $773 | 2023 |
| Government Health Spending (% of GDP) | 6.0% | 2023 |
| Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total) | 31.0% | 2023 |
| Physicians (per 1,000 people) | 2.6 | 2019 |
| Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000) | 6.7 | 2022 |
| Hospital Beds (per 1,000) | 2.4 | 2019 |
| Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births) | 6.0 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000) | 5.5 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000) | 6.5 | 2023 |
| Cause of Death, Communicable (%) | 1.8% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%) | 94.4% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Injury (%) | 3.8% | 2019 |
| Measles Immunization (% of children) | 69.0% | 2024 |
| DPT Immunization (% of children) | 79.0% | 2024 |
| Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000) | 21 | 2024 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Males (%) | 41.6% | 2022 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Females (%) | 30.9% | 2022 |
| Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000) | 9.0 | 2021 |
| Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita) | 5.9 | 2020 |
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 2,171 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,677 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 39.3% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 36.6% | 2021 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 39.5% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 26.6 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 42.7% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 21,879 | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 9.5% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 96.1% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 21.7% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 5,530 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 113.4 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 128.1 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 83.8 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 192,144 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 108.4 | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 0.9% | 2022 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 86.1% | 2024 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 28.5 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 5,554.2 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.19% | 2023 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 53 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 8 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 1,039 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $406.6M | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 13.6% | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 52 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 670 | 2023 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 1,593 | 2020 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0.0 | 2019 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 1,018 | 2019 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 15 | 2020 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 1,040 | 2020 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.00 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.4% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 19.0% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 42.4% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 74.5% | 2025 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 11.2 | 2023 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.58 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.97 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.14 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.32 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 30.7% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 15.6% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 39.6% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 31.3% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.8% | 2020 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 1.2 | 2023 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.58 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.59 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.57 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 7.8 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 197,000 | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $438.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $163.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 6.2% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $12.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population in Largest City | 348,404 | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.3% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.8% | 2024 |