United Kingdom
Capital: LondonRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: High income
United Kingdom's GDP is $4.23T (2026), with a population of 69.2M, and GDP per capita of $60,011. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.3%, inflation at 2.5%, unemployment at 4.7%, government debt at 104.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 81.2 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore United Kingdom's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Stock Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| FTSE 100 | 10,436.29 | 2026 |
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 4.58% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 0.40% | 2016 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.76 | 2026 |
Currencies
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| GBP/USD | 1.3194 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.5% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 104.8% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -3.6% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -3.0% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 4.7% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 3.3% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 131.1% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 34.9% | 2024 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 41.2% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 27.0% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 31.1% | 2024 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 0.6% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 40.6% | 2024 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 2.4% | 2024 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $174.60B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 1.2 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.78 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 0.66 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 142.3% | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 62.8% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 31.0% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 31.9% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $1.14T | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $1.17T | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $512.63B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $815.96B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | -0.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | -2.0% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $-12.96B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $4.83B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 29.7% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -2.2% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-80.65B | 2024 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 112.7% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 97.3% | 2022 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $3.10T | 2022 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 18.6% | 2023 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 1,606 | 2022 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 6.1% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 1.0% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 99.3% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 99.3% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 99.3% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 13.3% | 2024 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 44 | 2024 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 0.6% | 2024 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 47.1% | 2024 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 12.3% | 2024 |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 57.5% | 2024 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 37 years | 2024 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 24.3% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 69.2M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.1% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 283 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 243,610 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 241,930 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 83.2% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 57.6M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 16.8% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 81.2 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 79.4 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 83.2 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.6 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 10 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 9.5 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 389,911 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 17.2% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 63.3% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 19.5% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 57.9% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 30.8% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 27.1% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 90.7 | 2022 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 56.4 | 2022 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 35.5M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.4% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 57.3% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 65.6% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 4.7% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 4.4% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 5.1% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 14.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 0.9% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 15.9% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 83.2% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 62.0% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 11.5% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 86.9% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 40.0% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 1.6% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.8% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 58.5% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 13.1% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 14.3% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 5.9% | 2021 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 11.8% | 2021 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 102.6% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 112.4% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 80.5% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 101.4% | 2023 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 98.3% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 4,370 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 281,128 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 388,714 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 15 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 17 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 32.3% | 2016 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 99.3 | 2020 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 37.8% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 25.6% | 2016 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 4.2 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 292 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 2,128 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,208 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 40.2% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 12.2% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 9.9 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 13.3% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 32,154 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 25.0% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 42.1% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 46.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 100.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 99.1% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 70.3% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 7,138 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 101.2 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 94.3 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 105.2 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 3.1M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 717,392 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 191.4 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 5.8% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 22.0M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 96.3% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 123 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 41.4 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 68,449.2 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 2.90% | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 11,592 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 7,263 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 105,584 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $84.77B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 9.2% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $59.89B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 28,299 | 2021 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 118.9M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 4,413.9 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 9.7M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 16,179 | 2021 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 24,188 | 2020 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 15,212 | 2020 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.70 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.6% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 13.8% | 2023 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 40.5% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 58.4% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 90.1% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 97.9% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 8.4 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 98.09 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.02 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 1.48 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.16 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 0.51 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.54 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 1.4 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | 1.26 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 90.6% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 84.4% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 89.2% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 62.1% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 2.3% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $81.76B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 153,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 5.3% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 1.1 | 2021 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 0.5% | 2021 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 0.5% | 2021 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 1.0% | 2021 |
| Gini Index | 32.4 | 2021 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 24.6% | 2021 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 3.0% | 2021 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 39.7% | 2021 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.7% | 2021 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 0.6% | 2021 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 64.32 | 2021 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.3% | 2021 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.78 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.79 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.77 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 11.5 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 11.1M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 23.8M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 9.8M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 17.0% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 27.4% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.2% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 0.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 99.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 97.8% | 2024 |
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