Serbia
SRBEurope & Central AsiaUpper middle incomeCapital: BelgradeEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
75/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$112.03B
2026▲ 12.1%
Population
6.6M
2024▼ 0.6%
GDP per Capita
$17,252
2026▲ 12.9%
Life Expectancy
76.2 years
2023▲ 1.3%
Serbia in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Serbia· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Serbia
Serbia's GDP is $112.03B (2026), with a population of 6.5M, and GDP per capita of $17,252. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 2.8%, inflation at 5.2%, unemployment at 8.8%, government debt at 42.6% of GDP, life expectancy of 76.0 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary18 indicators · 2022–2026 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 5.2% | 2026 | ▲ 33.3% | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 42.6% | 2026 | ▲ 0.5% | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -2.9% | 2026 | ▼ 31.8% | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -5.7% | 2026 | ▼ 16.3% | IMF |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 8.8% | 2026 | ▲ 1.1% | IMF |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 4.7% | 2024 | ▼ 62.2% | WB |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 38.6% | 2022 | ▲ 11.8% | WB |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 35.5% | 2022 | ▼ 5.9% | WB |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 23.9% | 2022 | ▲ 21.5% | WB |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 40.9% | 2022 | ▲ 2.6% | WB |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 2.7% | 2022 | ▲ 19.8% | WB |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 17.6% | 2022 | ▲ 23.3% | WB |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 6.6% | 2022 | ▲ 29.3% | WB |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $30.48B | 2024 | ▲ 10.6% | WB |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 6.2 | 2024 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 108.21 | 2024 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 45.08 | 2024 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 53.0% | 2024 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
▶Trade14 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 111.7% | 2024 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 53.6% | 2024 | ▼ 2.7% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 58.1% | 2024 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $48.28B | 2024 | ▲ 7.8% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $52.38B | 2024 | ▲ 8.4% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $31.59B | 2024 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $42.24B | 2024 | ▲ 6.0% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 6.2% | 2024 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 | ▲ 82.2% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $5.59B | 2024 | ▲ 13.2% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $5.76B | 2024 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 6.4% | 2024 | ▼ 9.9% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -4.6% | 2024 | ▼ 90.3% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-4.10B | 2024 | ▼ 110.8% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 62.2% | 2024 | ▼ 4.5% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $51.98B | 2024 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 12.2% | 2024 | ▲ 72.2% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $23.19B | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $2.64B | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 0.7% | 2023 | ▼ 6.7% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $578.2M | 2023 | ▲ 13.1% | WB |
▶Finance5 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 32.6% | 2024 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 83.3% | 2024 | ▼ 6.9% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 81.1% | 2024 | ▼ 9.8% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 85.7% | 2024 | ▼ 3.8% | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 40.7% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 191 | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 6.4% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 27.4% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 20.9% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 15.3% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 10 years | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 32.8% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 6.6M | 2024 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.6% | 2024 | ▲ 10.5% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 79 | 2023 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 84,990 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 84,090 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 62.4% | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 4.1M | 2024 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 37.6% | 2024 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 76.2 years | 2023 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 73.9 years | 2023 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 78.7 years | 2023 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.6 | 2023 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 9.2 | 2023 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 14.7 | 2023 | ▼ 9.8% | WB |
| Net Migration | -13,086 | 2025 | ▼ 60.9% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 14.3% | 2024 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 63.0% | 2024 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 22.7% | 2024 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 58.7% | 2024 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 36.0% | 2024 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 22.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 140.8 | 2023 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 70.8 | 2023 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3.3M | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 59.1% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 52.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 66.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 7.1% | 2025 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 7.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 6.8% | 2025 | ▼ 3.9% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 20.9% | 2025 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 18.0% | 2025 | ▼ 2.9% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 27.1% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 54.9% | 2025 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Self-Employed (%) | 59.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 23.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 73.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 17.3% | 2024 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 3.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 54.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 27.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 12.7% | 2025 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
▶Education21 indicators · 2015–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 3.4% | 2023 | ▲ 10.4% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 8.4% | 2023 | ▲ 12.5% | WB |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 99.3% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 99.1% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 99.6% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 99.7% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 96.6% | 2022 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 92.0% | 2022 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 73.2% | 2023 | ▲ 4.9% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 96.0% | 2022 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 95.3% | 2022 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 10,425 | 2022 | ▲ 5.7% | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 4,876 | 2022 | ▲ 7.3% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 16,557 | 2024 | ▼ 11.1% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 67,944 | 2024 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 14 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 8 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 45.3% | 2015 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 99.4 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 22.9% | 2015 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 29.9% | 2017 | — | WB |
▶Health38 indicators · 2019–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 2,378 | 2023 | ▼ 2.6% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 5,090 | 2023 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 35.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 27.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 83.1% | 2023 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 19.3 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 32.4% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 27,236 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 31.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 13.4% | 2024 | ▲ 65.4% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 95.4% | 2024 | ▼ 0.0% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 97.9% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
▶Agriculture12 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 40.4% | 2023 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 6,106 | 2023 | ▲ 31.7% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 98.4 | 2022 | ▼ 5.6% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 94.6 | 2022 | ▼ 8.5% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 107 | 2022 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 1.8M | 2023 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 2,470 | 2023 | ▲ 3.8% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 137.8 | 2023 | ▼ 2.5% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 1.4% | 2023 | ▼ 10.9% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 60.6% | 2022 | ▲ 5.4% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 10.8M | 2023 | ▲ 34.8% | WB |
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 87.7% | 2024 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 128 | 2023 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 31.3 | 2023 | ▲ 6.6% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 12,941.8 | 2024 | ▲ 2.3% | WB |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.95% | 2023 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 138 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 18 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 5,379 | 2022 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $1.53B | 2024 | ▲ 12.4% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 28.6% | 2024 | ▲ 8.8% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $4.47B | 2024 | ▲ 20.3% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 137 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 2,515 | 2023 | ▲ 7.0% | WB |
▶Infrastructure8 indicators · 2021–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 3.9M | 2023 | ▲ 60.8% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 19.3 | 2023 | ▲ 36.0% | WB |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 3,348 | 2021 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 191 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 2,925 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.80 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.0% | 2023 | ▲ 18.3% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2018–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 38.0% | 2024 | ▲ 9.2% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 52.7% | 2024 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 76.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 99.7% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 13.7 | 2023 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 99.52 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.02 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2021 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.45 | 2023 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.01 | 2023 | ▼ 88.3% | WB |
| Political Stability | -0.04 | 2023 | ▲ 77.5% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.14 | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.07 | 2023 | ▲ 34.6% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.06 | 2023 | ▲ 44.0% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 38.2% | 2023 | ▲ 8.0% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 51.9% | 2023 | ▼ 8.3% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 51.4% | 2023 | ▲ 4.8% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 44.5% | 2023 | ▲ 6.1% | WB |
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 2.6% | 2024 | ▲ 17.5% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $2.32B | 2024 | ▲ 29.3% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 32,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 1.0% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 6.1% | 2024 | ▲ 11.3% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 1.3 | 2023 | ▲ 20.6% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 2.0% | 2022 | ▲ 17.6% | WB |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 3.2% | 2022 | ▲ 18.5% | WB |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 10.3% | 2022 | ▲ 9.6% | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 19.7% | 2023 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Gini Index | 32.8 | 2022 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 24.7% | 2022 | ▼ 4.6% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.4% | 2022 | ▼ 4.0% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 39.8% | 2022 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 6.9% | 2022 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 7.8% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 21.97 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 1.0% | 2022 | ▲ 11.1% | WB |
▶Social Protection7 indicators · 2020–2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 57.2% | 2022 | ▲ 0.8% | — |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 8.3% | 2022 | ▼ 12.2% | — |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 62.5% | 2022 | ▼ 0.9% | — |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.68 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.70 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.66 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 9.8 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism5 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 446,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $1.42B | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $1.18B | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 5.6% | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $177.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development8 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | -0.2% | 2024 | ▲ 25.9% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 1.4M | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 34.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 21.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 1.4% | 2022 | ▲ 304.3% | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.2% | 2024 | ▲ 5.4% | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 75.0% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 24.1% | 2024 | ▼ 1.4% | WHO |
