Mexico
Capital: Mexico CityRegion: Latin America & Caribbean Income: Upper middle income
Mexico's GDP is $2.03T (2026), with a population of 130.9M, and GDP per capita of $15,111. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.5%, inflation at 3.3%, unemployment at 3.1%, government debt at 59.9% of GDP, life expectancy of 75.1 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Mexico's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Stock Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| IPC Mexico | 69,702.02 | 2026 |
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 10-Year Government Bond Yield (%) | 9.32% | 2025 |
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 6.66% | 2025 |
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 17.89 | 2026 |
Currencies
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| USD/MXN | 17.855 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 3.3% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 59.9% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -4.1% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -0.3% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 3.1% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 4.7% | 2024 |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 6.0% | 2024 |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 11.2% | 2024 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 4.5% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 45.0% | 2023 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 19.0% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 22.4% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 14.2% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 30.3% | 2023 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 1.7% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 41.3% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $232.04B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 3.5 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 18.3 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 9.92 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 45.8% | 2024 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 74.6% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 36.7% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 37.9% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $681.35B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $703.29B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $617.10B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $643.97B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 2.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $45.47B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $67.64B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 3.6% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 19.3% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -0.9% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-16.74B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 32.9% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $591.26B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 3.7% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $275.58B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $14.86B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 0.0% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $451.7M | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 63.0% | 2024 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 34.6% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 22.5% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $417.61B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 5.9% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 129 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 10.2% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 2.1% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 53.0% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 47.4% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 59.1% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 28.9% | 2023 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 5 | 2023 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 3.7% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 14.9% | 2023 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 15.7% | 2023 |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 37.8% | 2023 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 18 years | 2023 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 21.5% | 2023 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 130.9M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 0.9% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 67 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 2.0M | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 1.9M | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 79.8% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 104.4M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 20.2% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 75.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 72.2 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 77.8 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.9 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 15.7 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 6.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -108,037 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 24.5% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 67.2% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 8.2% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 48.7% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 12.3% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 36.4% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 196.8 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 96.9 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 61.7M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.6% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 47.5% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 77.1% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 2.7% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 2.7% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 2.6% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 5.7% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 11.4% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 24.5% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 64.1% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 61.1% | 2024 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 25.3% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 69.2% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 27.6% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 5.5% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 40.3% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 60.0% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 30.8% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 15.9% | 2024 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 4.1% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 14.2% | 2022 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 95.9% | 2025 |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 95.4% | 2025 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 96.5% | 2025 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 99.2% | 2025 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 101.4% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 102.1% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 47.5% | 2023 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 103.8% | 2023 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 88.9% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 45,955 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 571,832 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 868,550 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 27 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 17 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 32.5% | 2016 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 97.7 | 2022 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 32.9% | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 21.1% | 2016 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 3.6 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 476 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 1,560 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,609 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 24.4% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 13.0% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 99.7% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 85.1% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 15 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 33.6% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 653,088 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 10.3% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 19.9% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 22.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 99.5% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 93.0% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 50.7% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 4,262 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 117 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 115.1 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 120.1 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 8.7M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 1.8M | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 94.2 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.7% | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 6.6% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 22.0% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 37.0M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 81.2% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 112 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 20.1 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 531.7 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.27% | 2023 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 1,117 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 15,044 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 21,027 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $94.52B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 3.9% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $2.43B | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 1,225 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 272 | 2023 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 78.8M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 1,091.5 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 8.3M | 2022 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 466 | 2021 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 92,437 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.90 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 7.3% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 3.2% | 2023 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 50.2% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 47.0% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 69.0% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 105.4% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 60.1 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 104.68 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.10 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.01 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.02 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.2 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -0.63 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.17 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -0.81 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.12 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 17.5% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 43.4% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 24.1% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 22.7% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 0.9% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $16.73B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 341,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.6% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 3.0% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 24.9 | 2023 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 2.3% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 5.7% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 27.4% | 2022 |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 29.6% | 2024 |
| Gini Index | 43.5 | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 34.4% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.1% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 49.8% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 5.6% | 2022 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 1.9% | 2022 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 17.82 | 2022 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.6% | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 16.2% | 2022 |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 40.6% | 2022 |
| Labor Market Programs Coverage (%) | 0.4% | 2022 |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 48.2% | 2022 |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.61 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.63 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.60 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 8.8 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 51.1M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 36.1M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $11.45B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $4.29B | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 2.6% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $453.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 22.8M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 21.5% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 42.7% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 17.6% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -0.5% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 43.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 62.7% | 2024 |
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