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United Kingdom

GBREurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeCapital: London
Economy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
76/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$4,442
2027▲ 5.1%
Population
69.2M
2024▲ 1.1%
GDP per Capita
$62,683
2027▲ 4.5%
Life Expectancy
81.2 years
2023▲ 0.3%
United Kingdom in world space2000–2023
1k10k100k505560657075808590GDP per capita (USD, log)Life expectancy (years)20002023
192 countries · log scale on X world United Kingdom· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About United Kingdom

United Kingdom's GDP is $4.23T (2026), with a population of 69.2M, and GDP per capita of $60,011. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.3%, inflation at 2.5%, unemployment at 4.7%, government debt at 104.8% of GDP, life expectancy of 81.2 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.

The economy is a significant player in the global market, ranking sixth worldwide with a GDP of $4.23 trillion in 2026. It is characterized by high income levels, with a GDP per capita of $60,000 in 2026. Real GDP growth is projected at 1.3% for 2026, with consumer price inflation at 2.5%. The unemployment rate is expected to be 4.7% in 2026. The economy is highly open to trade, with trade accounting for 62.8% of GDP in 2024. Foreign direct investment inflows were -0.4% of GDP in 2024, indicating a net outflow. The country's GNI per capita was $49,000 in 2024, reflecting its high-income status. The population is approximately 69.2 million as of 2024. Life expectancy at birth is 81.2 years, indicating a robust healthcare system supported by health spending at 11.1% of GDP in 2024. The fertility rate is 1.6 births per woman in 2023, reflecting an aging population. The Gini Index of 32.4 in 2021 suggests moderate income inequality. The society benefits from a well-developed social infrastructure, contributing to overall high standards

▶Economy30 indicators · 2018–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$4,4422027▲ 5.1%IMF
Real GDP Growth (%)1.5%2027▲ 15.4%IMF
GDP per Capita (USD)$62,6832027▲ 4.5%IMF
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$4,7412027▲ 3.2%IMF
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$66,9052027▲ 2.6%IMF
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)2.06%2027▼ 1.6%IMF
GNI (Current USD)$3.66T2024▲ 8.8%WB
GNI per Capita (USD)$49,4702024▲ 1.3%WB
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$61,4602024▲ 3.1%WB
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)17.1%2024▼ 3.1%WB
Services Value Added (% of GDP)72.4%2024▲ 0.0%WB
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)0.6%2024▼ 1.6%WB
Government Consumption (% of GDP)20.2%2023▼ 0.7%WB
Household Consumption (% of GDP)60.4%2023▲ 0.5%WB
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)19.1%2024▲ 3.6%WB
Gross Savings (% of GNI)17.0%2024▲ 14.2%WB
GDP Deflator (%)3.6%2024▼ 42.9%WB
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$107,9322024▲ 0.5%WB
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)8.0%2024▼ 2.9%WB
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)40.8%2022▲ 0.4%WB
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$36,1662018—WB
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)3.2%2018—WB
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)-0.9%2024▲ 25.3%WB
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.42%2021—WB
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.17%2021▲ 301.3%WB
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)0.6%2021▲ 107.3%WB
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021—WB
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$631.22B2024▲ 4.4%WB
▶Stock Markets1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
FTSE 10010,600.532026▲ 6.7%WB
▶Financial Markets4 indicators · 2016–2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
10-Year Government Bond Yield (%)4.58%2025▲ 10.6%WB
Central Bank Policy Rate (%)0.40%2016—WB
Exchange Rate (per USD)0.742026—WB
Exchange Rate (per EUR)0.862025▲ 1.2%WB
▶Currencies1 indicator · 2026 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
GBP/USD1.34612026▼ 0.0%WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary19 indicators · 2023–2027 · IMF / WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)2.0%2027▼ 20.0%IMF
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)105.4%2027▲ 0.6%IMF
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-3.0%2027▲ 16.7%IMF
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-2.6%2027▲ 13.3%IMF
Unemployment Rate (%)4.6%2027▼ 2.1%IMF
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)3.3%2024▼ 51.8%WB
Government Debt (% of GDP)131.1%2024▼ 3.7%WB
Government Revenue (% of GDP)34.9%2024▼ 1.1%WB
Government Expenditure (% of GDP)41.2%2023▲ 1.4%WB
Tax Revenue (% of GDP)27.0%2024▲ 0.3%WB
Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue)31.1%2024▼ 1.6%WB
Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue)0.6%2024▼ 6.5%WB
Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev)40.6%2024▲ 3.6%WB
Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP)2.4%2024▲ 2.1%WB
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$174.60B2024▼ 1.9%WB
Total Reserves (months of imports)1.22024▼ 2.4%WB
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)0.782024▼ 2.7%WB
PPP Conversion Factor0.662024▲ 0.5%WB
Broad Money (% of GDP)142.3%2024▼ 2.1%WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Trade (% of GDP)62.8%2024▼ 3.3%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)31.0%2024▼ 2.9%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)31.9%2024▼ 3.7%WB
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$1.14T2024▲ 4.6%WB
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$1.17T2024▲ 3.8%WB
Merchandise Exports (USD)$512.63B2024▼ 2.4%WB
Merchandise Imports (USD)$815.96B2024▲ 3.1%WB
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)-0.4%2024▼ 187.2%WB
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)-2.0%2024▼ 322.7%WB
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$-12.96B2024▼ 193.9%WB
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$4.83B2024▲ 7.8%WB
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)0.1%2024▲ 0.0%WB
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)29.7%2024▲ 2.9%WB
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-2.2%2024▲ 38.8%WB
Current Account Balance (USD)$-80.65B2024▲ 34.1%WB
▶Finance11 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)112.7%2024▼ 4.5%WB
Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP)97.3%2022▼ 18.2%WB
Stock Market Capitalization (USD)$3.10T2022▼ 18.5%WB
Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP)18.6%2023▼ 47.3%WB
Listed Domestic Companies1,6062022▼ 2.4%WB
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)6.1%2023▼ 5.8%WB
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)1.0%2023▲ 3.0%WB
Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%)99.3%2024▼ 0.5%WB
Account Ownership, Female (%)99.3%2024▼ 0.6%WB
Account Ownership, Male (%)99.3%2024▼ 0.3%WB
Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%)13.3%2024—WB
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Time to Get Electricity (days)442024—WB
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%)0.6%2024—WB
Firms with Female Top Manager (%)47.1%2024—WB
Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%)12.3%2024—WB
Firms Offering Training (%)57.5%2024—WB
Average Firm Age (years)37 years2024—WB
Firms Using Computers (%)24.3%2024—WB
▶People23 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Population69.2M2024▲ 1.1%WB
Population Growth (%)1.1%2024▼ 18.3%WB
Population Density (per km²)2832023▲ 1.3%WB
Surface Area (sq km)243,6102023▲ 0.0%WB
Land Area (sq km)241,9302023▲ 0.0%WB
Urban Population (%)83.2%2024▲ 0.1%WB
Urban Population (total)57.6M2024▲ 1.2%WB
Rural Population (%)16.8%2024▼ 0.5%WB
Life Expectancy at Birth81.2 years2023▲ 0.3%WB
Life Expectancy, Male79.4 years2023▲ 0.3%WB
Life Expectancy, Female83.2 years2023▲ 0.2%WB
Fertility Rate (births per woman)1.62023▲ 0.0%WB
Birth Rate (per 1,000)102023▼ 0.8%WB
Death Rate (per 1,000)9.52023▲ 0.1%WB
Net Migration389,9112025▼ 6.5%WB
Population Ages 0–14 (%)17.2%2024▼ 1.3%WB
Population Ages 15–64 (%)63.3%2024▼ 0.1%WB
Population Ages 65+ (%)19.5%2024▲ 1.4%WB
Age Dependency Ratio (%)57.9%2024▲ 0.2%WB
Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%)30.8%2024▲ 1.4%WB
Youth Dependency Ratio (%)27.1%2024▼ 1.2%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)90.72022▼ 7.2%WB
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)56.42022▼ 5.0%WB
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Total Labor Force35.5M2025▲ 0.5%WB
Labor Force Participation (%)61.4%2025▼ 0.3%WB
Female Labor Force Participation (%)57.3%2025▼ 0.3%WB
Male Labor Force Participation (%)65.6%2025▼ 0.3%WB
Unemployment (%)4.7%2025▲ 8.8%WB
Female Unemployment (%)4.4%2025▲ 6.5%WB
Male Unemployment (%)5.1%2025▲ 10.7%WB
Youth Unemployment (%)14.6%2025▲ 2.3%WB
Employment in Agriculture (%)0.9%2025▼ 2.5%WB
Employment in Industry (%)15.9%2025▼ 1.3%WB
Employment in Services (%)83.2%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Self-Employed (%)62.0%2024▼ 0.3%WB
Vulnerable Employment (%)11.5%2025▼ 0.7%WB
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)86.9%2025▲ 0.1%WB
Part-Time Employment (%)40.0%2024▼ 2.2%WB
Employers (% of total employment)1.6%2025▲ 0.5%WB
Labor Force, Female (% of total)47.8%2025▼ 0.0%WB
Employment to Population Ratio (%)58.5%2025▼ 0.7%WB
Self-Employed (% of total)13.1%2025▼ 0.5%WB
NEET Youth (% not in education/employment)14.3%2024▲ 11.7%WB
▶Education16 indicators · 2016–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Education Spending (% of GDP)5.9%2021▲ 8.6%WB
Education Spending (% of govt expenditure)11.8%2021—WB
Primary School Enrollment (%)102.6%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Secondary School Enrollment (%)112.4%2023▼ 0.8%WB
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)80.5%2023▲ 1.0%WB
Primary Completion Rate (%)101.4%2023▲ 1.0%WB
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)98.3%2023▼ 1.1%WB
Out-of-School Children, Primary4,3702023▲ 4.3%WB
Primary School Teachers281,1282023▼ 0.4%WB
Secondary School Teachers388,7142023▲ 0.8%WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary152017—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary172017—WB
Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap)32.3%2016—WB
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary)99.32020—WB
Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt)37.8%2016—WB
Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt)25.6%2016—WB
▶Health38 indicators · 2019–2024 · WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Health Spending (% of GDP)11.1%2024▲ 1.3%WHO
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$5,8602024▲ 8.4%WHO
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)9.0%2023▼ 1.3%WHO
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)14.6%2024▼ 0.5%WHO
Physicians (per 1,000 people)3.32023▲ 5.0%WHO
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)9.52023▲ 5.4%WHO
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)2.42022▲ 0.4%WHO
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)4.52023▲ 0.0%WHO
Neonatal Mortality (per 1,000)2.72023▲ 0.0%WHO
Maternal Mortality (per 100,000)82023▼ 46.7%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)42023▲ 0.0%WHO
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)4.92023▲ 0.0%WHO
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)8.2%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)88.2%2019—WHO
Cause of Death, Injury (%)3.7%2019—WHO
Measles Immunization (% of children)89.0%2024▼ 1.1%WHO
DPT Immunization (% of children)92.0%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.12023▲ 0.0%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)102024▲ 12.8%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)16.1%2022▼ 3.6%WHO
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)12.4%2022▼ 4.6%WHO
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)9.62021—WHO
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)10.72020—WHO
Maternal Deaths572023▼ 45.3%WHO
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100K)9.72024▲ 12.8%WHO
People Living with HIV110,0002023▲ 0.0%WHO
DTP3 Immunization Coverage (%)92%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Measles Immunization Coverage (%)89%2024▼ 1.1%WHO
Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage (%)92%2024▲ 0.0%WHO
Physicians (total)342023▲ 3.8%WHO
Nursing & Midwifery Personnel962023▲ 3.5%WHO
Dentists (total)623,4082023▲ 4.3%WHO
Pharmacists (total)33,1632023▲ 3.7%WHO
Child Wasting (<5 years, %)0.4%2019—WHO
Child Underweight (<5 years, %)0.6%2019—WHO
Universal Health Coverage Index882023▲ 0.0%WHO
Road Traffic Death Rate (per 100K)1,6062021—WHO
Health Expenditure per Capita (WHO, USD)$5,4072023▲ 5.8%WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita)4.22024▼ 5.1%WB
CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes)2922024▼ 4.1%WB
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)2,1282023▼ 5.6%WB
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)4,2082023▼ 2.7%WB
Renewable Electricity Output (%)40.2%2021▼ 8.4%WB
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)12.2%2021—WB
Access to Electricity (%)100.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)100.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)9.92020—WB
Forest Area (%)13.3%2023▲ 0.3%WB
Forest Area (sq km)32,1542023▲ 0.3%WB
Arable Land (%)25.0%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)42.1%2024▲ 5.5%WB
Marine Protected Areas (%)46.8%2024▲ 6.1%WB
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)100.0%2024▼ 0.0%WHO
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)99.1%2024▼ 0.0%WHO
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Agricultural Land (%)70.3%2023▼ 2.3%WB
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)7,1382023▼ 7.5%WB
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)101.22022▲ 0.7%WB
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)94.32022▲ 4.7%WB
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)105.22022▼ 1.2%WB
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)3.1M2023▼ 2.1%WB
Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes)717,3922023▲ 15.4%WB
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)191.42023▼ 1.1%WB
Prevalence of Undernourishment (%)2.5%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)5.8%2022▲ 0.0%WB
Cereal Production (metric tons)22.0M2023▼ 9.5%WB
▶Technology12 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Internet Users (%)96.3%2023▼ 0.0%WB
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people)1232023▲ 2.5%WB
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)41.42023▲ 0.4%WB
Secure Internet Servers (per million)68,449.22024▲ 44.5%WB
R&D Spending (% of GDP)2.90%2021—WB
Patent Applications, Residents11,5922021—WB
Patent Applications, Non-Residents7,2632021—WB
Scientific Journal Articles105,5842022▼ 4.0%WB
High-Technology Exports (USD)$84.77B2024▲ 2.9%WB
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)9.2%2024▲ 3.6%WB
ICT Service Exports (USD)$59.89B2024▲ 17.2%WB
Industrial Design Applications, Resident28,2992021▲ 32.5%WB
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2020–2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Air Transport, Passengers Carried118.9M2023▲ 24.0%WB
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)4,413.92023▲ 9.8%WB
Container Port Traffic (TEU)9.7M2022▼ 5.4%WB
Rail Lines (total km)16,1792021—WB
Railways, Passengers (million km)24,1882020—WB
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)15,2122020—WB
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)3.702022—WB
Electricity from Oil (%)0.6%2023▼ 26.4%WB
Electricity from Nuclear (%)13.8%2023▼ 5.0%WB
▶Gender8 indicators · 2017–2025 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Women in Parliament (%)40.5%2024▲ 16.9%WB
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)58.4%2024▲ 0.6%WB
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)90.1%2025▲ 0.0%WB
Girls Out-of-School Rate (%)97.9%2017—WB
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)8.42023▼ 0.2%WB
Gender Parity Index, Primary98.092017—WB
Gender Parity Index, Secondary1.022020—WB
Gender Parity in Primary Education1.002020—WB
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Control of Corruption1.482023▼ 8.6%WB
Government Effectiveness1.162023▼ 6.2%WB
Political Stability0.512023▼ 3.4%WB
Regulatory Quality1.542023▼ 1.9%WB
Rule of Law1.42023▼ 1.1%WB
Voice & Accountability1.262023▲ 0.2%WB
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)90.6%2023▼ 2.5%WB
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)84.4%2023▼ 1.6%WB
Rule of Law (percentile rank)89.2%2023▲ 0.0%WB
Political Stability (percentile rank)62.1%2023▼ 2.5%WB
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Military Spending (% of GDP)2.3%2024▲ 2.2%WB
Military Expenditure (USD)$81.76B2024▲ 8.6%WB
Armed Forces Personnel153,0002020—WB
Armed Forces (% of labor force)0.4%2020—WB
Military Spending (% of govt expenditure)5.3%2024▲ 4.0%WB
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)1.12021—WB
▶Poverty & Inequality11 indicators · 2021 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)0.5%2021—WB
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)0.5%2021—WB
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)1.0%2021—WB
Gini Index32.42021—WB
Income Share, Top 10%24.6%2021—WB
Income Share, Bottom 10%3.0%2021—WB
Income Share, Top 20%39.7%2021—WB
Income Share, Bottom 20%7.7%2021—WB
Shared Prosperity Premium (%)0.6%2021—WB
Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day)64.322021—WB
Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%)0.3%2021▲ 0.0%WB
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.782020—WB
Human Capital Index, Female0.792020—WB
Human Capital Index, Male0.772020—WB
Learning-Adjusted Years of School11.5 years2020—WB
▶Tourism2 indicators · 2020 · WB
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
International Tourism, Arrivals11.1M2020—WB
International Tourism, Departures23.8M2020—WB
▶Urban Development8 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
IndicatorValueYearΔ YoYSrc
Urban Population Growth (%)1.2%2024▼ 17.2%WB
Population in Largest City9.8M2025▲ 1.0%WB
Population in Largest City (% of urban)17.0%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)27.4%2025▲ 0.3%WB
Population in Slums (% of urban)0.2%2022▲ 62.5%WB
Rural Population Growth (%)0.6%2024▼ 28.6%WB
Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%)99.8%2024▼ 0.0%WHO
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)97.8%2024▲ 0.0%WHO

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