Tajikistan
Capital: DushanbeRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: Lower middle income
Tajikistan's GDP is $18.94B (2026), with a population of 10.6M, and GDP per capita of $1,799. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 5.5%, inflation at 4.5%, government debt at 22.9% of GDP, life expectancy of 71.8 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Tajikistan's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 4.5% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 22.9% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -2.5% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -0.4% | 2026 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 18.4% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 11.0% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 10.8% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 32.7% | 2023 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 4.9% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 7.6% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 13.8% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $3.30B | 2023 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 6.4 | 2023 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 10.8 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 2.68 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 29.8% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 65.6% | 2023 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 17.2% | 2023 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 48.4% | 2023 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $2.10B | 2023 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $5.93B | 2023 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $1.95B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $7.01B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 2.1% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $291.3M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $6.80B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 47.9% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 15.2% | 2023 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 6.2% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $887.0M | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 37.4% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $6.98B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 3.1% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $2.62B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $506.1M | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 3.5% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $530.8M | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 11.1% | 2023 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 12.2% | 2023 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 20.9% | 2021 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 13.7% | 2021 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 54.5% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 46.9% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 62.6% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 20.9% | 2024 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 16 | 2024 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 5.0% | 2024 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 10.7% | 2024 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 6.6% | 2024 |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 16.0% | 2024 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 14 years | 2024 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 11.3% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 10.6M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 75 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 141,379 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 138,790 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 26.2% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 2.8M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 73.8% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 71.8 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 69.6 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 74.0 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 3.1 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 26.1 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 4.6 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -21,606 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 36.3% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 59.9% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 3.9% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 67.0% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 6.4% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 60.5% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 159.2 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 104.6 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 2.6M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 38.3% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 21.9% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 55.8% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 6.9% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 4.0% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 8.2% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 14.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 43.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 17.7% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 39.1% | 2025 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 28.0% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 68.7% | 2025 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 3.3% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 29.6% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 35.6% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 31.3% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 41.3% | 2016 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 5.4% | 2023 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 19.3% | 2024 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 95.8% | 2024 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 86.9% | 2024 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 35.6% | 2024 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 91.6% | 2017 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 88.0% | 2017 |
| Primary School Teachers | 37,890 | 2024 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 67,698 | 2011 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 22 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 99.0 | 2016 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 9.9% | 2015 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 0.9 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 10 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 375 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,476 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 93.4% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 34.9% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 87.9% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 37.1 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 3.1% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 4,268 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 6.1% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 22.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 89.2% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 96.0% | 2023 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 27.9% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,629 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 150.1 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 131.3 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 185.9 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 377,259 | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 2,600 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 92.9 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 8.4% | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 14.6% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 16.7% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 1.4M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 56.8% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 126 | 2022 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0.1 | 2022 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 152.5 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.09% | 2020 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 1 | 2019 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 8 | 2020 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 110 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $34.1M | 2023 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 1.0% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $2.0M | 2024 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 690,677 | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 131.7 | 2023 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 620 | 2021 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 22 | 2020 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 274 | 2020 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.50 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 27.0% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 64.3% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 104.7% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 40.4 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 105.69 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.90 | 2013 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.99 | 2017 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.38 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.77 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -0.47 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -1.18 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -1.28 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.63 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 7.5% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 23.6% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 9.9% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 27.5% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.8% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $246.4M | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 17,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.7% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 6.2% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 0.9 | 2020 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 6.1% | 2024 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 16.9% | 2024 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 55.4% | 2024 |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 19.8% | 2024 |
| Gini Index | 36.1 | 2024 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 28.2% | 2024 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.9% | 2024 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 43.3% | 2024 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.1% | 2024 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 1.1% | 2024 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.50 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.54 | 2018 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.54 | 2018 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 6.8 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 1.0M | 2018 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 31,000 | 2018 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $102.4M | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $10.8M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 7.3% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $96.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 1.0M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 36.8% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.1% | 2016 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 65.1% | 2024 |
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