GDP
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Sao Tome and Principe
STPSub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeCapital: Sao TomeEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
66/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$1.12B
2026 (IMF projection)▲ 14.5%
Population
240,254
2025▲ 2.0%
GDP per Capita
$4,582
2026 (IMF projection)▲ 12.2%
Life Expectancy
69.9 years
2024▲ 0.3%
Monthly & quarterly economy
All reviewed economic seriesEach measure keeps its own source, unit and reference period. Open its history for definitions, source evidence and, where the terms allow, downloads.
Inflation
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Production
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Sao Tome and Principe: GDP per capita and life expectancy2000 to 2024
192 countries · log scale on X world Sao Tome and Principe· line: Sao Tome and Principe, 2000 to 2024Each dot is a country's latest readings: GDP per capita mostly 2026 (IMF projection), life expectancy 2024.
▶About Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome and Principe's GDP is $1.12B (2026, IMF projection), with a population of 240,254 (2025) and GDP per capita of $4,582 (2026, IMF projection). Key indicators: real GDP growth of 0.4% and inflation at 11.0% (all 2026, IMF projections); unemployment at 13.5% (2017); government debt at 55.9% of GDP (2026, IMF projection); life expectancy of 69.9 years (2024). Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy30 indicators · 2021 to 2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary16 indicators · 2017 to 2026 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 11.0% | 2026 (IMF projection) | ▲ 10.1 pp | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 55.9% | 2026 (IMF projection) | ▼ 3.2 pp | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -1.4% | 2026 (IMF projection) | ▲ 2.0 pp | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -6.1% | 2026 (IMF projection) | ▼ 1.8 pp | IMF |
| Total Investment (% of GDP) | 18.4% | 2026 (IMF projection) | ▲ 3.6 pp | IMF |
| Gross National Savings (% of GDP) | 12.3% | 2026 (IMF projection) | ▲ 1.9 pp | IMF |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 13.5% | 2017 | ▲ 0.1 pp | IMF |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 11.0% | 2025 | ▼ 3.3 pp | WB |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 5.2% | 2025 | ▲ 5.0 pp | WB |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 17.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 2.4% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $58.8M | 2024 | ▲ 27.1% | WB |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 2.7 | 2024 | ▲ 23.3% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 21.75 | 2025 | ▼ 4.0% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 13.87 | 2025 | ▲ 8.9% | WB |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 21.4% | 2025 | ▲ 1.1 pp | WB |
▶Trade15 indicators · 2023 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 46.6% | 2025 | ▲ 2.3 pp | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 13.3% | 2025 | ▼ 2.3 pp | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 33.3% | 2025 | ▲ 4.6 pp | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $130.2M | 2025 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $326.8M | 2025 | ▲ 38.0% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $38.0M | 2025 | ▲ 31.0% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $183.0M | 2025 | ▲ 19.6% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 10.5% | 2025 | ▲ 5.9 pp | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $103.5M | 2025 | ▲ 168.2% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $35.9M | 2025 | ▲ 155.9% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 3.7% | 2025 | ▲ 2.0 pp | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 29.3% | 2023 | ▲ 24.0 pp | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -9.3% | 2025 | ▼ 3.0 pp | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | -$91.6M | 2025 | ▼ $39.5M | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023 to 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 42.7% | 2024 | ▼ 3.7 pp | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $326.4M | 2024 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 0.6% | 2024 | ▼ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $192.1M | 2024 | – | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $63.9M | 2024 | ▲ 4.0% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 11.5% | 2023 | ▲ 2.9 pp | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $86.8M | 2023 | ▲ 57.4% | WB |
▶Finance4 indicators · 2023 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 7.8% | 2023 | ▼ 5.0 pp | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 16.7% | 2025 | ▼ 2.3 pp | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 4.8% | 2025 | ▼ 5.2 pp | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 15.1% | 2025 | – | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 11 | 2025 | – | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 16.1% | 2025 | – | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 45.8% | 2025 | – | WB |
| Firms with a Female Top Manager (%) | 25.1% | 2025 | – | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 20.7% | 2025 | – | WB |
| Time to Obtain an Operating License (days) | 18.3 | 2025 | – | WB |
| Firms Competing with Unregistered Firms (%) | 66.8% | 2025 | – | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2024 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 240,254 | 2025 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 245 | 2024 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 960 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 960 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 69.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3 pp | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 166,189 | 2025 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 30.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.3 pp | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 69.9 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 66.4 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 73.9 years | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 3.6 | 2024 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 28.1 | 2024 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 5.5 | 2024 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Net Migration | -650 | 2025 | ▼ 46 | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 37.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4 pp | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 58.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3 pp | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 3.9% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 70.6% | 2025 | ▼ 1.0 pp | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 6.7% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 63.9% | 2025 | ▼ 1.0 pp | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 272 | 2024 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 144.3 | 2024 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2017 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 35,075 | 2025 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 23.3% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 22.7% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 24.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 9.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 9.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 9.0% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 8.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 12.1% | 2025 | ▼ 0.3 pp | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 22.5% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 65.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Labor Force Participation, Age 15+ (National Estimate, %) | 59.4% | 2017 | ▲ 24.4 ppsince 2006 | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 35.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 56.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 31.7% | 2017 | – | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 9.0% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 49.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 21.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 44.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 45.5% | 2017 | – | WB |
▶Education21 indicators · 2014 to 2024 · WB
▶Health50 indicators · 2019 to 2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment17 indicators · 2007 to 2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Excluding LULUCF (t CO2e) | 0.6 | 2024 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions, Excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) | 0 | 2024 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 259 | 2007 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 6.1% | 2021 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 42.5% | 2022 | ▲ 1.7 pp | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 77.7% | 2024 | ▼ 3.6 pp | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 7.0% | 2024 | ▲ 1.0 pp | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 15.1 | 2023 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 57.6% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 553 | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 4.2% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.2% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.0% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 78.0% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 48.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WHO |
| Urban PM2.5 Concentration (WHO) | 26.7 | 2023 | – | WHO |
| Air Pollution Mortality (household + ambient, age-standardized) | 177.1 | 2021 | – | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022 to 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 46.1% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 2,004 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 115.1 | 2024 | 0.0% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 115.2 | 2024 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 136.1 | 2024 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 397 | 2024 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 5,730 | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 54.8 | 2024 | ▼ 19.2% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 23.0% | 2024 | ▲ 1.8 pp | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 1.9% | 2022 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 796 | 2024 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
▶Technology9 indicators · 2023 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 59.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.4 pp | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 62 | 2024 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 3 | 2024 | ▲ 19.7% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 42.5 | 2024 | ▲ 8.9% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 5 | 2023 | ▼ 58.3% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 5 | 2023 | ▲ 7.8% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $70,979 | 2023 | ▲ 372.4% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 1.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7 pp | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $1.3M | 2025 | ▲ 165.5% | WB |
▶Infrastructure6 indicators · 2018 to 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 38,767 | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0.8 | 2023 | ▼ 3.4% | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 49,553 | 2019 | ▲ 3.3% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.65 | 2018 | ▲ 13.9%since 2016 | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 93.9% | 2021 | ▼ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | 0.0 pp | WB |
▶Gender9 indicators · 2009 to 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 14.5% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 47.6% | 2017 | ▲ 18.8 ppsince 2006 | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 55.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2 pp | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Female (%) | 92.3% | 2017 | ▼ 4.1 pp | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 85.2 | 2024 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Women Who Believe Husband Can Beat Wife (%) | 19.5% | 2009 | – | WB |
| Gross Intake to First Primary Grade, Total (%) | 91.6% | 2017 | ▼ 5.0 pp | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.16 | 2017 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.97 | 2017 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
▶Governance12 indicators · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.13 | 2025 | ▲ 0.02 | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.77 | 2025 | ▼ 0.03 | WB |
| Political Stability | 0.55 | 2025 | ▲ 0.05 | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.94 | 2025 | ▼ 0.02 | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.45 | 2025 | ▼ 0.09 | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.19 | 2025 | ▼ 0.09 | WB |
| Control of Corruption Score (0-100) | 50.6 | 2025 | ▲ 0.4 | WB |
| Government Effectiveness Score (0-100) | 36.7 | 2025 | ▼ 0.6 | WB |
| Political Stability Score (0-100) | 75.2 | 2025 | ▲ 0.9 | WB |
| Regulatory Quality Score (0-100) | 39.3 | 2025 | ▼ 0.4 | WB |
| Rule of Law Score (0-100) | 51.2 | 2025 | ▼ 1.5 | WB |
| Voice & Accountability Score (0-100) | 61.3 | 2025 | ▼ 1.7 | WB |
▶Military1 indicator · 2011 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 3.2 | 2011 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality10 indicators · 2017 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %) | 13.0% | 2017 | ▼ 5.9 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Poverty at $4.20/day (2021 PPP, %) | 30.5% | 2017 | ▼ 9.3 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Poverty at $8.30/day (2021 PPP, %) | 70.0% | 2017 | ▼ 13.0 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 55.5% | 2017 | – | WB |
| Gini Index | 40.7 | 2017 | ▲ 32.1%since 2010 | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 32.8% | 2017 | ▲ 8.6 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.6% | 2017 | ▼ 0.9 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 47.9% | 2017 | ▲ 8.4 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 6.4% | 2017 | ▼ 2.0 ppsince 2010 | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $3.00/day (2021 PPP, %) | 3.2% | 2017 | ▼ 0.9 ppsince 2010 | WB |
▶Social Protection3 indicators · 2017
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 8.7% | 2017 | – | – |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 8.7% | 2017 | – | – |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 16.1% | 2017 | – | – |
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2008 to 2018 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 33,400 | 2018 | ▲ 15.6% | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 10,300 | 2008 | ▲ 19.8% | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $71.9M | 2018 | ▲ 9.1% | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $3.2M | 2012 | ▲ 137.0% | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 73.2% | 2018 | ▲ 1.7 pp | WB |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $300,000 | 2016 | ▼ 25.0% | WB |
▶Urban Development5 indicators · 2022 to 2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 2.4% | 2025 | 0.0 pp | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 82.4% | 2022 | ▲ 29.8 ppsince 2020 | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1 pp | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 36.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.1 pp | WHO |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 34.7% | 2024 | 0.0 pp | WHO |
▶About these figures
Each row shows the latest figure available for Sao Tome and Principe up to this year, with the year it refers to. Publishers release on different schedules, so the years differ from row to row.
IMF projection: a forecast from the IMF World Economic Outlook, revised at each release, not a measured value.
Change compares a reading with the one before it. Figures measured in percent, such as growth, inflation or a share of GDP, change by percentage points (pp). Amounts and counts, such as GDP or population, change by percent. When either reading is zero or negative, as a current account balance can be, or the figure is a governance score centred on zero, the change is shown in the figure's own unit. When the earlier reading is more than a year older, the year it is measured from is shown. A dash means there is no earlier reading.
