Moldova
MDAEurope & Central AsiaUpper middle incomeCapital: ChisinauEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
76/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$21.89B
2026▲ 7.6%
Population
2.4M
2024▼ 2.3%
GDP per Capita
$9,354
2026▲ 9.5%
Life Expectancy
71.2 years
2023▼ 0.5%
Moldova in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Moldova· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Moldova
Moldova's GDP is $21.89B (2026), with a population of 2.4M, and GDP per capita of $9,354. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 1.9%, inflation at 6.4%, unemployment at 3.8%, government debt at 39.3% of GDP, life expectancy of 71.3 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary22 indicators · 2023–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 88.7% | 2024 | ▼ 5.7% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 31.4% | 2024 | ▼ 10.5% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 57.3% | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $5.72B | 2024 | ▼ 2.6% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $10.42B | 2024 | ▲ 5.9% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $3.56B | 2024 | ▼ 12.2% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $9.06B | 2024 | ▲ 4.5% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 2.5% | 2024 | ▲ 16.6% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.5% | 2024 | ▲ 707.9% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $458.4M | 2024 | ▲ 27.0% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $1.92B | 2024 | ▼ 4.7% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 10.5% | 2024 | ▼ 12.5% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 2.9% | 2024 | ▲ 11.8% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -16.6% | 2024 | ▼ 49.6% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-3.01B | 2024 | ▼ 63.0% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 57.1% | 2024 | ▼ 9.0% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $10.49B | 2024 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 6.2% | 2024 | ▼ 20.5% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $2.45B | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $1.36B | 2024 | ▲ 15.8% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 6.2% | 2023 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $1.05B | 2023 | ▲ 18.7% | WB |
▶Finance8 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 32.0% | 2024 | ▲ 11.8% | WB |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 29.3% | 2024 | ▲ 14.7% | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 13.1% | 2023 | ▼ 3.2% | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 5.6% | 2023 | ▼ 13.8% | WB |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 55.5% | 2024 | ▼ 13.5% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 54.5% | 2024 | ▼ 13.3% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 56.7% | 2024 | ▼ 13.7% | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 27.0% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 219 | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 6.8% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 39.4% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 21.6% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 31.3% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 11 years | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 36.5% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 2.4M | 2024 | ▼ 2.3% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | -2.3% | 2024 | ▲ 19.7% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 85 | 2023 | ▼ 3.0% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 33,850 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 32,930 | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 43.5% | 2024 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 1.0M | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 56.5% | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 71.2 years | 2023 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 66.6 years | 2023 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 75.5 years | 2023 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.7 | 2023 | ▲ 2.2% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 10.8 | 2023 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 13.6 | 2023 | ▲ 4.1% | WB |
| Net Migration | -29,766 | 2025 | ▼ 9.9% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 19.8% | 2024 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 64.0% | 2024 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 16.2% | 2024 | ▲ 3.8% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 56.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 25.3% | 2024 | ▲ 4.5% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 30.9% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 276.8 | 2023 | ▲ 6.2% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 115.1 | 2023 | ▲ 15.1% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 1.4M | 2025 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 72.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 72.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 72.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 1.5% | 2025 | ▲ 5.5% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 1.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 1.8% | 2025 | ▲ 10.9% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 4.2% | 2025 | ▼ 6.7% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 50.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 12.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 36.9% | 2025 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Self-Employed (%) | 72.2% | 2024 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 58.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 41.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 12.7% | 2024 | ▲ 9.2% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 0.2% | 2025 | ▼ 7.3% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 55.4% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 71.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 58.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 9.1% | 2025 | ▼ 21.2% | WB |
▶Education16 indicators · 2018–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 6.6% | 2023 | ▲ 8.4% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 16.0% | 2024 | ▼ 5.5% | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 107.6% | 2024 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 99.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 74.7% | 2024 | ▲ 5.0% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 108.1% | 2024 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 104.1% | 2024 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 588 | 2024 | ▼ 21.5% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 7,408 | 2024 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 19,388 | 2024 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 18 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 10 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 23.3% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 95.5 | 2023 | ▲ 3.2% | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 36.0% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 11.9% | 2018 | — | WB |
▶Health38 indicators · 2012–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment15 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 3.4 | 2024 | ▲ 2.3% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 8 | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 1,297 | 2023 | ▼ 8.8% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,412 | 2023 | ▲ 6.9% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 6.5% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 21.4% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 98.3% | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 14.9 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 11.7% | 2023 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 3,865 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 56.8% | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 11.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 92.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.5% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 86.9% | 2024 | ▲ 0.7% | WHO |
▶Agriculture12 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 74.1% | 2023 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,434 | 2023 | ▲ 61.4% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 89.7 | 2022 | ▼ 27.2% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 93 | 2022 | ▼ 31.2% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 76.2 | 2022 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 925,199 | 2023 | ▲ 12.0% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 0 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 51.1 | 2023 | ▲ 37.0% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 8.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 52.2% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 3.2M | 2023 | ▲ 80.7% | WB |
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 80.2% | 2023 | ▲ 4.5% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 131 | 2023 | ▼ 4.7% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 27.4 | 2023 | ▲ 4.2% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 13,318 | 2024 | ▲ 15.5% | WB |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.22% | 2023 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 64 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 12 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 284 | 2022 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $30.7M | 2024 | ▲ 6.2% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 26.7% | 2024 | ▲ 4.2% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $730.4M | 2024 | ▲ 15.0% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 654 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 717 | 2023 | ▼ 6.6% | WB |
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2019–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 827,604 | 2023 | ▲ 6.1% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0.4 | 2023 | ▼ 35.2% | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 818 | 2019 | — | WB |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 1,149 | 2021 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 23 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 665 | 2021 | ▲ 10.9% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.50 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 4.7% | 2023 | ▲ 29.6% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2018–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 40.8% | 2024 | ▲ 5.7% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 72.2% | 2024 | ▲ 3.0% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 40.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 91.7% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 23 | 2023 | ▲ 2.9% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 92.78 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.99 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.99 | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.28 | 2023 | ▲ 18.1% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.16 | 2023 | ▲ 46.4% | WB |
| Political Stability | -0.68 | 2023 | ▼ 3.7% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.11 | 2023 | ▲ 3.6% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.15 | 2023 | ▲ 46.7% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.24 | 2023 | ▲ 145.1% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 46.7% | 2023 | ▲ 10.0% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 44.3% | 2023 | ▲ 8.0% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 47.2% | 2023 | ▲ 12.4% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 20.4% | 2023 | ▼ 6.1% | WB |
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 0.6% | 2024 | ▲ 4.8% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $110.7M | 2024 | ▲ 17.3% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 6,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 1.6% | 2024 | ▲ 9.7% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 2.5 | 2023 | ▲ 3.1% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 0.1% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 0.8% | 2023 | ▲ 166.7% | WB |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 20.4% | 2023 | ▲ 3.6% | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 31.6% | 2023 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Gini Index | 26.8 | 2023 | ▲ 3.5% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 22.8% | 2023 | ▲ 1.3% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 4.3% | 2023 | ▼ 4.4% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 37.0% | 2023 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 9.9% | 2023 | ▼ 2.9% | WB |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | -1.5% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 13.53 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.0% | 2023 | — | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.58 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.61 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.56 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 8.3 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism6 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 29,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 75,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $354.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $303.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 11.0% | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $38.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development6 indicators · 2018–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | -1.1% | 2024 | ▲ 24.5% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 484,352 | 2025 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 46.8% | 2025 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 6.5% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -3.2% | 2024 | ▲ 17.8% | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 75.8% | 2024 | ▲ 0.5% | WHO |
