Zambia
Capital: LusakaRegion: Sub-Saharan Africa Income: Lower middle income
GDP
$33.95B
2026
Population
21.3M
2024
GDP per Capita
$2K
2026
Life Expectancy
66.3 years
2023
Economy
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (Current USD, Billions) | $33.95B | 2026 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 6.4% | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | $2K | 2026 |
| GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $) | $105.85B | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $) | $5K | 2026 |
| Share of World GDP, PPP (%) | 0.05% | 2026 |
| GNI (Current USD) | $23.13B | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita (USD) | $1K | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita, PPP (USD) | $4K | 2024 |
| Industry Value Added (% of GDP) | 35.2% | 2024 |
| Services Value Added (% of GDP) | 57.2% | 2024 |
| Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP) | 2.8% | 2024 |
| Government Consumption (% of GDP) | 12.7% | 2024 |
| Household Consumption (% of GDP) | 48.0% | 2024 |
| Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP) | 23.8% | 2024 |
| Gross Savings (% of GNI) | 34.4% | 2024 |
| GDP Deflator (%) | 14.4% | 2024 |
| GDP per Person Employed (USD) | $11K | 2024 |
| Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP) | 9.0% | 2024 |
| Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total) | 9.7% | 2022 |
| Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD) | $611 | 2021 |
| Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI) | 22.5% | 2020 |
| External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 7.4% | 2024 |
| Coal Rents (% of GDP) | 0.23% | 2021 |
| Mineral Rents (% of GDP) | 28.25% | 2021 |
| Oil Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2021 |
| Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2021 |
| Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) | 35.3% | 2021 |
| Forest Rents (% of GDP) | 6.78% | 2021 |
| Industry Value Added (Current USD) | $8.92B | 2024 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 9.2% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 114.9% | 2024 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -3.7% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 2.7% | 2026 |
| Total Investment (% of GDP) | 32.4% | 2026 |
| Gross National Savings (% of GDP) | 35.1% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 15.0% | 2024 |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 9.5% | 2020 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 8.7% | 2020 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 71.4% | 2021 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 22.0% | 2021 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 16.8% | 2021 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 22.6% | 2021 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 39.0% | 2021 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 2.9% | 2021 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $3.17B | 2023 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 3.0 | 2023 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 26.17 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 29.9% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 62.5% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 27.6% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $8.85B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $6.97B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $11.20B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $11.19B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 9.3% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $2.36B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $334.3M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 1.3% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 1.5% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -1.9% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-487.4M | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 114.2% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $28.12B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 16.9% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $13.61B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $3.13B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 5.5% | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 31.8% | 2022 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 13.0% | 2022 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 30.7% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $7.77B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 20 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 10.1% | 2022 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 5.0% | 2022 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 72.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 70.2% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 75.5% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 21.3M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 2.8% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 28 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 752,610 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 743,390 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 45.5% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 9.7M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 54.5% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 66.3 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 63.9 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 68.7 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 4.1 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 33.1 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 5.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 6,562 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 41.5% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 56.6% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 76.7% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 232.5 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 155.3 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 8.0M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.9% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 56.4% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 67.6% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 5.9% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 6.2% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 5.7% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 10.5% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 54.5% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 10.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 35.2% | 2025 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 70.2% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 28.3% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 16.6% | 2023 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 1.6% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 46.3% | 2025 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 4.1% | 2023 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 14.5% | 2025 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 82.0% | 2023 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 87.2% | 2023 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 85.7% | 2023 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 115.6% | 2024 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 56.8% | 2024 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 136,539 | 2024 |
| Primary School Teachers | 116,859 | 2024 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 42,585 | 2024 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 42 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 67.4% | 2017 |
Health
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Health Spending (% of GDP) | 6.0% | 2023 |
| Health Spending per Capita (USD) | $80 | 2023 |
| Government Health Spending (% of GDP) | 2.4% | 2023 |
| Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total) | 10.3% | 2023 |
| Physicians (per 1,000 people) | 0.3 | 2022 |
| Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000) | 2.9 | 2022 |
| Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births) | 44.7 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000) | 40.5 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000) | 48.6 | 2023 |
| Cause of Death, Communicable (%) | 56.5% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%) | 34.8% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Injury (%) | 8.7% | 2019 |
| Measles Immunization (% of children) | 88.0% | 2024 |
| DPT Immunization (% of children) | 91.0% | 2024 |
| HIV Incidence (per 1,000) | 1.50 | 2024 |
| Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000) | 272 | 2024 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Males (%) | 25.6% | 2022 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Females (%) | 3.5% | 2022 |
| Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000) | 7.1 | 2021 |
| Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita) | 3.6 | 2020 |
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 801 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 704 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 92.1% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 83.0% | 2021 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 9.2% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 24.3 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 59.5% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 442,494 | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 41.3% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 73.4% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 37.5% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 32.1% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 2,344 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 119.9 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 123.0 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 109.1 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 1.6M | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 77.3 | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 2.0% | 2022 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 33.0% | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0.7 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 80.5 | 2024 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 13 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 13 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 344 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $23.4M | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 1.8% | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 46 | 2021 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 321,739 | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 104.3 | 2023 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 1,248 | 2019 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 4 | 2018 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 297 | 2017 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.53 | 2018 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.0% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 15.0% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 56.4% | 2023 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 19.9% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 110.0% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 115.9 | 2023 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.48 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.66 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.50 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.05 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 36.8% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 27.8% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 31.6% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 52.1% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.3% | 2024 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.2% | 2020 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 71.7% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 81.4% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 94.0% | 2022 |
| Gini Index | 51.5 | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 39.1% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 1.5% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 56.4% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 3.9% | 2022 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | -2.3% | 2022 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 2.86 | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.40 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 5.0 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 502,000 | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $474.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population in Largest City | 3.5M | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 15.8% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 48.3% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2024 |