Timor-Leste
TLSEast Asia & PacificLower middle incomeCapital: DiliEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
67/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$2
2027▲ 6.1%
Population
1.4M
2024▲ 1.2%
GDP per Capita
$1,620
2027▲ 4.7%
Life Expectancy
67.7 years
2023▲ 0.5%
Timor-Leste in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Timor-Leste· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste's GDP is $2.21B (2026), with a population of 1.4M, and GDP per capita of $1,547. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 3.3%, inflation at 1.8%, government debt at 14.7% of GDP, life expectancy of 67.7 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
Located in the East Asia & Pacific region, this lower middle-income nation is projected to have a GDP of $2.208 billion in 2026, with a growth rate of 3.3%. The GDP per capita is expected to be $1,546.912. Inflation is anticipated to be 1.8% in 2026. Trade is significant, with trade to GDP ratio at 95.45% in 2024. Unemployment is projected to be 1.592% in 2025. The population is estimated to be 1,400,638 in 2024. Life expectancy stands at 67.689 years as of 2023. The capital city is Dili.
▶Economy29 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary20 indicators · 2022–2027 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.0% | 2027 | ▲ 11.1% | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 14.7% | 2027 | ▲ 0.0% | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -50.6% | 2027 | ▼ 1.0% | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -32.7% | 2027 | ▼ 1.2% | IMF |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 2.1% | 2024 | ▼ 75.5% | WB |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 12.1% | 2024 | ▼ 69.7% | WB |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 10.6% | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 0.5% | 2024 | ▼ 10.8% | WB |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 51.5% | 2022 | ▲ 52.4% | WB |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 52.5% | 2022 | ▲ 27.4% | WB |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 21.6% | 2022 | ▲ 43.5% | WB |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 5.4% | 2022 | ▲ 4.5% | WB |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 1.3% | 2022 | ▲ 25.5% | WB |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 30.2% | 2022 | ▼ 6.0% | WB |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 4.4% | 2022 | ▼ 9.7% | WB |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $737.0M | 2024 | ▼ 5.8% | WB |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 5.5 | 2024 | ▼ 12.2% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 1 | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 0.3 | 2024 | ▼ 3.6% | WB |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 60.0% | 2023 | ▲ 58.5% | WB |
▶Trade15 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 95.4% | 2024 | ▲ 6.9% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 10.6% | 2024 | ▼ 53.9% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 84.9% | 2024 | ▲ 27.9% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $197.0M | 2024 | ▼ 58.7% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $1.58B | 2024 | ▲ 14.7% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $85.0M | 2024 | ▼ 48.2% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $968.0M | 2024 | ▲ 6.4% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 11.6% | 2024 | ▲ 96.7% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.2% | 2024 | ▲ 107.4% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $215.6M | 2024 | ▲ 76.4% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $219.6M | 2024 | ▲ 13.8% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 11.8% | 2024 | ▲ 26.8% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 1.5% | 2023 | ▼ 77.7% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -31.5% | 2024 | ▼ 240.1% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-587.5M | 2024 | ▼ 205.1% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 15.4% | 2024 | ▲ 22.4% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $296.7M | 2024 | ▼ 3.0% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 1.2% | 2024 | ▲ 11.8% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $173.4M | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $42.1M | 2024 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 11.3% | 2023 | ▲ 54.3% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $259.9M | 2023 | ▲ 15.7% | WB |
▶Finance2 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 34.8% | 2024 | ▲ 46.9% | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 12.7% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2021 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 13 | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2021 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 5.7% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 26.9% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 32.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 8.1% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 23 years | 2021 | — | WB |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 14.2% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.4M | 2024 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.2% | 2024 | ▲ 7.9% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 93 | 2023 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 14,870 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 14,870 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 28.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 401,480 | 2024 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 71.3% | 2024 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 67.7 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 66.1 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 69.4 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 2.7 | 2023 | ▼ 3.4% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 22.1 | 2023 | ▼ 1.5% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7.3 | 2023 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Net Migration | -2,550 | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 33.7% | 2024 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 61.1% | 2024 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 5.3% | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 63.8% | 2024 | ▼ 2.6% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 8.6% | 2024 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 55.1% | 2024 | ▼ 2.7% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 204.3 | 2023 | ▼ 2.0% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 158 | 2023 | ▼ 2.1% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2021–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 635,489 | 2025 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 67.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 72.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 1.6% | 2025 | ▲ 4.5% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 1.6% | 2025 | ▲ 5.7% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 1.6% | 2025 | ▲ 3.5% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 3.7% | 2025 | ▲ 15.4% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 46.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 3.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 50.2% | 2025 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Self-Employed (%) | 46.7% | 2022 | ▲ 35.0% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 58.6% | 2025 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 25.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 38.7% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 16.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 45.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 65.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 74.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 29.1% | 2022 | ▼ 6.6% | WB |
▶Education21 indicators · 2014–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 5.2% | 2023 | ▲ 76.2% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 4.3% | 2025 | ▼ 31.0% | WB |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 72.5% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 71.8% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 73.1% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 84.9% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 119.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 84.7% | 2020 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 31.0% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 93.2% | 2023 | ▲ 7.7% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 88.3% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 13,085 | 2023 | ▲ 38.1% | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 4,375 | 2023 | ▲ 58.1% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 7,144 | 2023 | ▼ 9.6% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 6,182 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 27 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 27 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 64.9% | 2014 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 89.8 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 29.8% | 2014 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 4.1% | 2014 | — | WB |
▶Health42 indicators · 2019–2024 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment14 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 0.5 | 2024 | ▲ 4.0% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 1 | 2024 | ▲ 5.3% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 0.4% | 2021 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 11.4% | 2022 | ▼ 5.8% | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 19.1% | 2023 | ▲ 7.3% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 17.4 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 61.7% | 2023 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 9,169 | 2023 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 7.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 4.7% | 2024 | ▼ 9.6% | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.7% | 2024 | ▼ 50.0% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 87.3% | 2024 | ▲ 1.6% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 72.9% | 2024 | ▲ 3.5% | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 23.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 2,129 | 2023 | ▲ 9.5% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 101.7 | 2022 | ▲ 13.3% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 107.7 | 2022 | ▲ 15.2% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 92 | 2022 | ▲ 9.7% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 78,894 | 2023 | ▼ 11.1% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 7,967 | 2023 | ▲ 18.9% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 1.2 | 2022 | ▼ 6.3% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 18.7% | 2023 | ▲ 2.7% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 14.3% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 168,000 | 2023 | ▼ 2.6% | WB |
▶Technology8 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 34.0% | 2023 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 113 | 2023 | ▲ 4.2% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0 | 2023 | ▼ 42.0% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 264.9 | 2024 | ▲ 10.1% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 14 | 2022 | ▼ 17.3% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $546,186 | 2023 | ▼ 57.7% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 2.4% | 2024 | ▲ 27.1% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $2.0M | 2024 | ▲ 50.3% | WB |
▶Infrastructure3 indicators · 2019–2021 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 53,289 | 2019 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 99.6% | 2021 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2018–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 35.4% | 2024 | ▼ 4.2% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 40.9% | 2022 | ▲ 46.4% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 20.2% | 2025 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 87.5% | 2018 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 27.4 | 2023 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 89.56 | 2018 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.09 | 2020 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.98 | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.23 | 2023 | ▲ 14.6% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.84 | 2023 | ▼ 9.3% | WB |
| Political Stability | 0.26 | 2023 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.49 | 2023 | ▼ 3.2% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -0.83 | 2023 | ▲ 5.3% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.43 | 2023 | ▼ 11.5% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 47.6% | 2023 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 20.8% | 2023 | ▼ 12.0% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 21.7% | 2023 | ▲ 7.0% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 54.5% | 2023 | ▲ 3.2% | WB |
▶Military5 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 2.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $46.4M | 2024 | ▼ 15.8% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 2,000 | 2020 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 2.6% | 2024 | ▼ 18.6% | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.45 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.47 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.44 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 6.3 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism4 indicators · 2018–2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 74,800 | 2019 | — | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $78.0M | 2018 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $61.0M | 2020 | ▼ 44.5% | WB |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 64.0% | 2018 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development3 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.4% | 2024 | ▲ 25.9% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 33.9% | 2022 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
