Mozambique
Capital: MaputoRegion: Sub-Saharan Africa Income: Low income
Mozambique's GDP is $26.51B (2026), with a population of 34.6M, and GDP per capita of $720. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 3.5%, inflation at 5.4%, government debt at 99.9% of GDP, life expectancy of 63.6 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Mozambique's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 5.4% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 99.9% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -4.2% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -36.6% | 2026 |
| Total Investment (% of GDP) | 49.1% | 2026 |
| Gross National Savings (% of GDP) | 12.6% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 4.1% | 2024 |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 14.3% | 2024 |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 21.7% | 2024 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 8.2% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 71.8% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 24.5% | 2024 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 26.0% | 2022 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 21.9% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 30.5% | 2024 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 5.3% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 39.1% | 2024 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 6.9% | 2024 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $3.84B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 3.4 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 63.91 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 24.61 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 50.1% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 95.7% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 42.8% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 52.8% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $9.74B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $12.02B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $8.21B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $9.21B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 15.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | -0.2% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $3.51B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $266.9M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 1.2% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 3.6% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -11.0% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-2.49B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 350.6% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $69.77B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 22.4% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $7.63B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $1.15B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 15.3% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $2.93B | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 17.6% | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 12.8% | 2022 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 9.0% | 2022 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 54.4% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 45.5% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 63.4% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 34.6M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 2.9% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 43 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 799,380 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 786,380 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 36.4% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 12.6M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 63.6% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 63.6 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 60.3 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 66.5 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 4.8 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 37.5 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -65,573 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 44.5% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 52.8% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 2.8% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 89.5% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 5.2% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 84.3% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 314.9 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 177.5 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 15.7M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 78.7% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 77.1% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 80.5% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 6.6% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 7.2% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 6.0% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 11.6% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 73.0% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 6.4% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 20.6% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 78.8% | 2022 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 83.7% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 14.7% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 49.9% | 2022 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 1.6% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 51.7% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 73.5% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 85.3% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 19.2% | 2022 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 6.0% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 20.4% | 2021 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 61.7% | 2022 |
| Female Literacy Rate (%) | 50.9% | 2022 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 74.1% | 2022 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 71.4% | 2022 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 119.2% | 2022 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 37.2% | 2017 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 72.4% | 2022 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 42.8% | 2022 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 64,247 | 2022 |
| Primary School Teachers | 133,644 | 2022 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 33,281 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 55 | 2018 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 37 | 2017 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 49.2% | 2013 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 43.1 | 2019 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 30.6% | 2013 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 13.7% | 2013 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 0.3 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 10 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 359 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 398 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 82.7% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 76.9% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 36.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 7.4% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 20.1 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 45.8% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 360,265 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 7.2% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 18.0% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 2.2% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 66.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 38.6% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 52.8% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 738 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 161.7 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 157.5 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 153.3 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 3.3M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 413,540 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 15.1 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 21.8% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 1.5% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 2.5M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 19.8% | 2023 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 46 | 2022 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0.2 | 2022 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 37.2 | 2024 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 30 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 16 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 194 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $13.7M | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 0.8% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $9.1M | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 35 | 2021 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 680,108 | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 3 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 420,500 | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 3,116 | 2011 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 1,193 | 2011 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.68 | 2016 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.6% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 39.2% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 77.2% | 2022 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 8.7% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 168.8% | 2018 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 153.4 | 2023 |
| Women Who Believe Husband Can Beat Wife (%) | 18.7% | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 171.36 | 2018 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.93 | 2020 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.94 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.83 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.72 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -1.27 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.71 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -1.03 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.59 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 22.2% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 25.9% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 17.5% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 11.8% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 2.0% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $450.4M | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 11,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.1% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 6.1% | 2024 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 81.4% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 89.1% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 96.3% | 2022 |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 65.0% | 2022 |
| Gini Index | 49.6 | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 40.8% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 1.7% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 55.5% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 4.7% | 2022 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 0.3% | 2022 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 2.38 | 2022 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 44.7% | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Social Insurance Coverage (%) | 2.5% | 2019 |
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 2.7% | 2019 |
| Labor Market Programs Coverage (%) | 1.0% | 2019 |
| Social Protection Coverage (%) | 5.9% | 2019 |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.36 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 4.5 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 2.0M | 2019 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $113.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $95.0M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 2.5% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $23.0M | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 4.9% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 2.0M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 15.0% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 9.0% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 55.0% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 27.5% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 33.9% | 2024 |
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