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Timor-Leste

Capital: DiliRegion: East Asia & PacificIncome: Lower middle income
GDP
$2.21B
2026
Population
1.4M
2024
GDP per Capita
$2K
2026
Life Expectancy
67.7 years
2023

Economy

IndicatorValueYear
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$2.21B2026
Real GDP Growth (%)3.3%2026
GDP per Capita (USD)$2K2026
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$7.30B2026
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$5K2026
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)0.00%2026
GNI (Current USD)$2.13B2024
GNI per Capita (USD)$2K2024
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$5K2024
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)11.8%2024
Services Value Added (% of GDP)71.6%2024
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)20.2%2024
Government Consumption (% of GDP)60.6%2024
Household Consumption (% of GDP)83.6%2024
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)30.1%2024
Gross Savings (% of GNI)-21.1%2024
GDP Deflator (%)-1.3%2024
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$9K2024
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)1.9%2024
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$4182021
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)-81.6%2021
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)-74.3%2024
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.00%2021
Oil Rents (% of GDP)5.30%2021
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)29.38%2021
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)34.7%2021
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.05%2021
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$220.5M2024

Fiscal & Monetary

IndicatorValueYear
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)1.8%2026
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)14.7%2026
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-50.1%2026
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-32.3%2026
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)2.1%2024
Lending Interest Rate (%)10.6%2024
Deposit Interest Rate (%)0.5%2024
Government Revenue (% of GDP)51.5%2022
Tax Revenue (% of GDP)21.6%2022
Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue)5.4%2022
Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev)30.2%2022
Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP)4.4%2022
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$737.0M2024
Total Reserves (months of imports)5.52024
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)1.002024
Broad Money (% of GDP)60.0%2023

Trade

IndicatorValueYear
Trade (% of GDP)95.4%2024
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)84.9%2024
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$197.0M2024
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$1.58B2024
Merchandise Exports (USD)$85.0M2024
Merchandise Imports (USD)$968.0M2024
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)11.6%2024
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)0.2%2024
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$215.6M2024
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$219.6M2024
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)11.8%2024
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)1.5%2023
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-31.5%2024
Current Account Balance (USD)$-587.5M2024

External Debt

IndicatorValueYear
External Debt (% of GNI)15.4%2024
External Debt Stocks (USD)$296.7M2024
Total Debt Service (% of GNI)1.2%2024
Present Value of External Debt (USD)$173.4M2024
Use of IMF Credit (USD)$42.1M2024
Net ODA Received (% of GNI)11.3%2023

Finance

IndicatorValueYear
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)34.8%2024
Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%)12.7%2021

Business Environment

IndicatorValueYear
Time to Get Electricity (days)132021

Private Sector

IndicatorValueYear
Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%)5.7%2021
Firms with Female Top Manager (%)26.9%2021
Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%)32.2%2021
Average Firm Age (years)23 years2021
Firms Using Computers (%)14.2%2021

People

IndicatorValueYear
Population1.4M2024
Population Growth (%)1.2%2024
Population Density (per km²)932023
Surface Area (sq km)14,8702023
Land Area (sq km)14,8702023
Urban Population (%)28.7%2024
Urban Population (total)401,4802024
Rural Population (%)71.3%2024
Life Expectancy at Birth67.7 years2023
Life Expectancy, Male66.1 years2023
Life Expectancy, Female69.4 years2023
Fertility Rate (births per woman)2.72023
Birth Rate (per 1,000)22.12023
Death Rate (per 1,000)7.32023
Net Migration-2,5502025
Population Ages 0–14 (%)33.7%2024
Population Ages 15–64 (%)61.1%2024
Population Ages 65+ (%)5.3%2024
Age Dependency Ratio (%)63.8%2024
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)204.32023
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)158.02023

Labor

IndicatorValueYear
Total Labor Force635,4892025
Labor Force Participation (%)67.0%2025
Female Labor Force Participation (%)61.7%2025
Male Labor Force Participation (%)72.2%2025
Unemployment (%)1.6%2025
Female Unemployment (%)1.6%2025
Male Unemployment (%)1.6%2025
Youth Unemployment (%)3.7%2025
Employment in Agriculture (%)46.0%2025
Employment in Industry (%)3.8%2025
Employment in Services (%)50.2%2025
Vulnerable Employment (%)58.6%2025
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)25.1%2025
Part-Time Employment (%)38.7%2021
Employers (% of total employment)16.2%2025
Labor Force, Female (% of total)45.9%2025

Education

IndicatorValueYear
Education Spending (% of GDP)5.2%2023
Education Spending (% of govt expenditure)4.3%2025
Adult Literacy Rate (%)72.5%2022
Male Literacy Rate (%)73.1%2022
Youth Literacy Rate (%)84.9%2022
Primary School Enrollment (%)119.7%2023
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)31.0%2023
Primary Completion Rate (%)93.2%2023
Out-of-School Children, Primary13,0852023
Out-of-School Girls, Primary4,3752023
Primary School Teachers7,1442023
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary272018
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary272018

Health

IndicatorValueYear
Health Spending (% of GDP)9.6%2023
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$1442023
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)7.5%2023
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)7.0%2023
Physicians (per 1,000 people)0.82020
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)1.72020
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)0.42023
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)50.02023
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)45.82023
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)54.02023
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)40.1%2019
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)53.1%2019
Cause of Death, Injury (%)6.9%2019
Measles Immunization (% of children)72.0%2024
DPT Immunization (% of children)83.0%2024
HIV Incidence (per 1,000)0.112024
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)4962024
Stunting, Children Under 5 (%)46.7%2020
Overweight, Children Under 5 (%)1.3%2020
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)67.0%2022
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)10.5%2022
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)3.62021
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)0.22020

Energy & Environment

IndicatorValueYear
Renewable Electricity Output (%)0.4%2021
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)11.4%2022
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)19.1%2023
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)17.42020
Forest Area (%)61.7%2023
Forest Area (sq km)9,1692023
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)4.7%2024
Marine Protected Areas (%)0.7%2024
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)87.3%2024
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)72.9%2024

Agriculture

IndicatorValueYear
Agricultural Land (%)23.0%2023
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)2,1292023
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)101.72022
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)107.72022
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)92.02022
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)78,8942023
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)1.22022
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)14.3%2022

Technology

IndicatorValueYear
Internet Users (%)34.0%2023
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)0.02023
Secure Internet Servers (per million)264.92024
Scientific Journal Articles142022
High-Technology Exports (USD)$546K2023
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)2.4%2024

Infrastructure

IndicatorValueYear
Container Port Traffic (TEU)53,2892019
Electricity from Oil (%)99.6%2021
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021

Gender

IndicatorValueYear
Women in Parliament (%)35.4%2024
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)40.9%2022
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)20.2%2025
Girls Out-of-School Rate (%)87.5%2018
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)27.42023
Gender Parity Index, Secondary1.092020

Governance

IndicatorValueYear
Control of Corruption-0.232023
Government Effectiveness-0.842023
Regulatory Quality-0.492023
Voice & Accountability0.432023
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)47.6%2023
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)20.8%2023
Rule of Law (percentile rank)21.7%2023
Political Stability (percentile rank)54.5%2023

Military

IndicatorValueYear
Military Spending (% of GDP)2.7%2024
Armed Forces (% of labor force)0.4%2020

Social Protection

IndicatorValueYear
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.452020
Human Capital Index, Female0.472020
Human Capital Index, Male0.442020
Learning-Adjusted Years of School6.3 years2020

Tourism

IndicatorValueYear
International Tourism, Arrivals74,8002019
Tourism Receipts (USD)$78.0M2018
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$61.0M2020
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)64.0%2018

Urban Development

IndicatorValueYear
Population in Slums (% of urban)33.9%2022
Rural Population Growth (%)1.1%2024