Poland

Capital: WarsawRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: High income
GDP
$1.11T
2026
Population
36.6M
2024
GDP per Capita
$31K
2026
Life Expectancy
78.5 years
2023

Economy

IndicatorValueYear
GDP (Current USD, Billions)$1.11T2026
Real GDP Growth (%)3.1%2026
GDP per Capita (USD)$31K2026
GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $)$2.12T2026
GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $)$59K2026
Share of World GDP, PPP (%)0.97%2026
GNI (Current USD)$887.02B2024
GNI per Capita (USD)$22K2024
GNI per Capita, PPP (USD)$50K2024
Industry Value Added (% of GDP)27.2%2024
Services Value Added (% of GDP)59.1%2024
Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP)2.5%2024
Government Consumption (% of GDP)20.8%2024
Household Consumption (% of GDP)57.4%2024
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)17.8%2024
Gross Savings (% of GNI)18.1%2024
GDP Deflator (%)3.8%2024
GDP per Person Employed (USD)$93K2024
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)16.1%2024
Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total)33.0%2022
Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD)$15K2021
Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI)10.8%2021
External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP)4.0%2024
Coal Rents (% of GDP)0.25%2021
Mineral Rents (% of GDP)0.48%2021
Oil Rents (% of GDP)0.04%2021
Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP)0.10%2021
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)1.0%2021
Forest Rents (% of GDP)0.16%2021
Industry Value Added (Current USD)$250.07B2024

Fiscal & Monetary

IndicatorValueYear
Inflation, Consumer Prices (%)2.8%2026
Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP)65.8%2026
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP)-6.7%2026
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)-0.8%2026
Unemployment Rate (%)3.1%2026
Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank)3.8%2024
Government Revenue (% of GDP)35.9%2023
Tax Revenue (% of GDP)18.0%2023
Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue)35.1%2023
Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev)13.4%2023
Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP)2.6%2023
Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD)$223.11B2024
Total Reserves (months of imports)5.42024
Official Exchange Rate (per USD)3.982024
Broad Money (% of GDP)67.8%2024

Trade

IndicatorValueYear
Trade (% of GDP)100.4%2024
Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP)48.2%2024
Exports of Goods & Services (USD)$478.89B2024
Imports of Goods & Services (USD)$442.18B2024
Merchandise Exports (USD)$380.06B2024
Merchandise Imports (USD)$379.31B2024
FDI Inflows (% of GDP)2.2%2024
FDI Outflows (% of GDP)1.1%2024
FDI Net Inflows (USD)$20.61B2024
Personal Remittances Received (USD)$8.69B2024
Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP)0.9%2024
High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured)13.5%2024
Current Account Balance (% of GDP)0.3%2024
Current Account Balance (USD)$2.79B2024

Finance

IndicatorValueYear
Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP)33.6%2024
Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP)21.5%2024
Stock Market Capitalization (USD)$197.36B2024
Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP)8.8%2024
Listed Domestic Companies7492024
Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%)6.3%2023
Bank Nonperforming Loans (%)2.3%2023
Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%)86.1%2024
Account Ownership, Female (%)86.3%2024
Account Ownership, Male (%)85.9%2024
Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%)46.8%2025

Business Environment

IndicatorValueYear
Time to Get Electricity (days)2822025

Private Sector

IndicatorValueYear
Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%)6.5%2025
Firms with Female Top Manager (%)36.9%2025
Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%)32.3%2025
Average Firm Age (years)3 years2025
Firms Using Computers (%)29.7%2025

People

IndicatorValueYear
Population36.6M2024
Population Growth (%)-0.3%2024
Population Density (per km²)1202023
Surface Area (sq km)313,9302023
Land Area (sq km)306,2702023
Urban Population (%)60.0%2024
Urban Population (total)21.9M2024
Rural Population (%)40.0%2024
Life Expectancy at Birth78.5 years2023
Life Expectancy, Male74.8 years2023
Life Expectancy, Female82.4 years2023
Fertility Rate (births per woman)1.22023
Birth Rate (per 1,000)7.42023
Death Rate (per 1,000)11.12023
Net Migration-330,8202025
Population Ages 0–14 (%)14.8%2024
Population Ages 15–64 (%)65.1%2024
Population Ages 65+ (%)20.1%2024
Age Dependency Ratio (%)53.7%2024
Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000)144.22023
Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000)55.82023

Labor

IndicatorValueYear
Total Labor Force18.0M2025
Labor Force Participation (%)58.3%2025
Female Labor Force Participation (%)51.6%2025
Male Labor Force Participation (%)65.6%2025
Unemployment (%)3.0%2025
Female Unemployment (%)3.1%2025
Male Unemployment (%)2.8%2025
Youth Unemployment (%)10.7%2025
Employment in Agriculture (%)6.2%2025
Employment in Industry (%)30.0%2025
Employment in Services (%)63.8%2025
Vulnerable Employment (%)15.0%2025
Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total)81.1%2025
Part-Time Employment (%)22.6%2024
Employers (% of total employment)3.9%2025
Labor Force, Female (% of total)46.1%2025

Education

IndicatorValueYear
Education Spending (% of GDP)4.3%2022
Education Spending (% of govt expenditure)10.0%2022
Primary School Enrollment (%)105.4%2023
Secondary School Enrollment (%)108.4%2023
Tertiary School Enrollment (%)76.9%2023
Primary Completion Rate (%)104.0%2023
Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%)127.7%2023
Out-of-School Children, Primary1,8742023
Primary School Teachers130,2692023
Secondary School Teachers325,8872023
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary102017
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary92017
Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap)31.7%2016

Health

IndicatorValueYear
Health Spending (% of GDP)8.1%2024
Health Spending per Capita (USD)$2K2024
Government Health Spending (% of GDP)5.5%2023
Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total)16.2%2024
Physicians (per 1,000 people)4.02023
Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000)6.32022
Hospital Beds (per 1,000)6.02022
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)4.42023
Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000)3.92023
Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000)4.82023
Cause of Death, Communicable (%)5.9%2019
Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%)89.9%2019
Cause of Death, Injury (%)4.2%2019
Measles Immunization (% of children)92.0%2024
DPT Immunization (% of children)94.0%2024
Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000)112024
Smoking Prevalence, Males (%)27.1%2022
Smoking Prevalence, Females (%)20.1%2022
Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000)13.72021
Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita)11.72020

Energy & Environment

IndicatorValueYear
Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita)2,6392023
Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita)4,3822023
Renewable Electricity Output (%)17.5%2021
Renewable Energy Consumption (%)15.2%2021
Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%)100.0%2023
PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³)18.02020
Forest Area (%)31.1%2023
Forest Area (sq km)95,1902023
Terrestrial Protected Areas (%)38.2%2024
Marine Protected Areas (%)24.0%2024
Access to Basic Drinking Water (%)90.1%2024
Access to Basic Sanitation (%)99.0%2024

Agriculture

IndicatorValueYear
Agricultural Land (%)47.6%2023
Cereal Yield (kg per hectare)4,8952023
Food Production Index (2014–2016=100)111.72022
Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100)110.02022
Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100)113.32022
Land Under Cereal Production (hectares)7.2M2023
Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare)155.62023
Agricultural Irrigated Land (%)0.9%2023
Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal)17.5%2022

Technology

IndicatorValueYear
Internet Users (%)88.6%2024
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100)26.12023
Secure Internet Servers (per million)41,131.92024
R&D Spending (% of GDP)1.45%2022
Patent Applications, Residents3,3772021
Patent Applications, Non-Residents1112021
Scientific Journal Articles37,3682022
High-Technology Exports (USD)$40.11B2024
ICT Service Exports (% of service exports)16.7%2024
Industrial Design Applications, Resident2,4892021
Researchers in R&D (per million)3,7212022

Infrastructure

IndicatorValueYear
Air Transport, Passengers Carried8.8M2023
Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km)343.92023
Container Port Traffic (TEU)3.1M2022
Rail Lines (total km)18,6202021
Railways, Passengers (million km)15,8442021
Railways, Goods (million ton-km)54,3872021
Logistics Performance Index (1–5)3.602022
Electricity from Oil (%)1.2%2023
Electricity from Nuclear (%)0.0%2021

Gender

IndicatorValueYear
Women in Parliament (%)29.6%2024
Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%)52.1%2024
Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%)86.4%2025
Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000)6.22023
Gender Parity Index, Secondary0.992020

Governance

IndicatorValueYear
Control of Corruption0.572023
Government Effectiveness0.422023
Regulatory Quality0.782023
Voice & Accountability0.632023
Control of Corruption (percentile rank)68.9%2023
Government Effectiveness (percentile rank)66.5%2023
Rule of Law (percentile rank)65.1%2023
Political Stability (percentile rank)64.0%2023

Military

IndicatorValueYear
Military Spending (% of GDP)4.2%2024
Armed Forces (% of labor force)1.0%2020
Intentional Homicides (per 100,000)0.82023

Poverty & Inequality

IndicatorValueYear
Poverty at $2.15/day (%)0.2%2023
Poverty at $3.65/day (%)0.4%2023
Poverty at $6.85/day (%)1.1%2023
Gini Index28.52023
Income Share, Top 10%22.9%2023
Income Share, Bottom 10%3.3%2023
Income Share, Top 20%37.3%2023
Income Share, Bottom 20%8.6%2023
Shared Prosperity Premium (%)4.0%2023
Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day)44.052023

Social Protection

IndicatorValueYear
Social Assistance Coverage (%)53.3%2019
Labor Market Programs Coverage (%)1.2%2019
Human Capital Index (0–1)0.752020
Human Capital Index, Female0.792020
Human Capital Index, Male0.722020
Learning-Adjusted Years of School11.4 years2020

Tourism

IndicatorValueYear
International Tourism, Arrivals88.5M2019
International Tourism, Departures50.6M2019
Tourism Receipts (USD)$8.38B2020
Tourism Expenditures (USD)$5.55B2020
Tourism Receipts (% of total exports)2.6%2020
International Tourism, Transport Services (USD)$608.0M2020

Urban Development

IndicatorValueYear
Population in Largest City1.8M2025
Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total)5.0%2025
Population in Slums (% of urban)4.2%2022
Rural Population Growth (%)-0.6%2024
Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%)97.8%2024