SOTWStatistics of the World

Foreign Exchange Reserves by Country 2025

Total reserves held by each country’s monetary authorities, including monetary gold, special drawing rights and the reserve position at the IMF, in current US dollars.

China has the highest total reserves including gold: $3.75T in 2025. Next are the United States ($1.39T), Japan ($1.37T), Switzerland ($1.08T) and India ($700.07B). South Sudan has the lowest total reserves including gold: $16.0M in 2024. The median across the 173 countries is $8.60B, counting each country once, so it is not a world average.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators. 173 of 217 countries and territories have a figure. Each country shows its latest available year, from 2020 to 2025. The most common is 2025 (132 of 173 countries).

Highest
$3.75T
China, 2025
Lowest
$16.0M
South Sudan, 2024
Median
$8.60B
Counting each country once, so it is not a world average
Coverage
173 of 217
Countries and territories with a figure; latest available, 2020 to 2025
Sum of the table
$16.64T
Sum of 132 countries with 2025 figures, not an official world figure
Foreign Exchange Reserves by Country: 2025 Rankings: 173 countries and territories ranked by total reserves including gold, with the year of each figure.
#CountryTotal reserves (US$)YearMonths of imports
1China$3.75T202511.9
2United States$1.39T20252.8
3Japan$1.37T202514
4Switzerland$1.08T202513.1
5India$700.07B20257.9
6Russia$608.36B202416.8
7Germany$572.20B20253.1
8Saudi Arabia$505.16B202515.6
9South Korea$436.57B20256.5
10Italy$434.01B20255.7
11Singapore$432.11B20254.4
12France$428.21B20253.4
13Hong Kong$425.55B20235.7
14Brazil$358.51B20258.4
15United Arab Emirates$292.32B20255.2
16Thailand$282.26B20258.1
17Poland$271.81B20255.9
18Mexico$256.18B20253.7
19Israel$229.49B202514.4
20United Kingdom$214.36B20251.4
21Türkiye$185.57B20255.1
22Czechia$176.33B20257.6
23Indonesia$156.54B20255.5
24Spain$128.59B20252
25Denmark$127.76B20254.9
26Malaysia$125.63B20254.3
26Canada$125.63B20251.6
28Netherlands$118.06B20251
29Philippines$110.93B20257.3
30Libya$104.66B202531.62023
31Iraq$98.45B202511.6
32Romania$90.65B20255.5
33Peru$90.39B202510.4
34Vietnam$85.58B20252.1
35Norway$85.49B20254.4
36Algeria$76.83B202511.6
37South Africa$76.02B20256.2
38Sweden$74.20B20252.2
39Australia$72.63B20251.6
40Portugal$68.84B20254.7
41Kazakhstan$66.07B20257.4
42Uzbekistan$66.04B202513.6
43Colombia$65.81B20257.3
44Hungary$59.09B20253.5
45Ukraine$57.27B20255.8
46Belgium$56.39B20251
47Qatar$55.85B20257.5
48Austria$53.44B20251.8
49Kuwait$51.74B20258.4
50Chile$49.45B20254.2
51Egypt$48.88B20254.4
52Morocco$48.45B20255.9
53Bulgaria$47.15B20257.2
54Nigeria$46.02B20257.1
55Argentina$41.00B20254
56Serbia$34.15B20256.2
57Lebanon$33.30B202413.62023
58Guatemala$32.75B20259.3
59Macao$30.64B202510.1
60Bangladesh$28.56B20253.9
61New Zealand$28.15B20253.9
62Cambodia$27.52B20257.9
63Jordan$26.56B20257.82024
64Pakistan$26.46B20253.8
65Greece$24.05B20252
66Finland$22.46B20251.6
67Nepal$21.10B202515.5
68Uruguay$18.99B20258.6
69Oman$18.29B20243.7
70Slovakia$18.16B20251.5
71Costa Rica$17.09B20254.7
72Dominican Republic$14.78B20254
73Belarus$14.52B20253
74Ireland$13.66B20250.1
75Azerbaijan$13.56B20255
76Angola$13.54B20255.3
77Kenya$12.39B20254.6
78Ghana$12.13B20253.8
79Mauritius$10.31B20255.22024
80Honduras$10.20B20255.3
81Ecuador$9.80B20252.8
82Afghanistan$9.75B202016.6
83Paraguay$9.57B20245.6
84Bosnia and Herzegovina$9.42B20246.5
85Tunisia$9.34B20244.5
85Myanmar$9.34B2023n/a
87Kyrgyzstan$8.60B20253.92024
87Albania$8.60B20257.2
89Nicaragua$8.32B20255.72024
90Iceland$7.73B20255.3
91Lithuania$7.06B20251.2
92Mongolia$7.00B20254.2
93Jamaica$6.30B20257.1
94Panama$6.24B20251.7
95Georgia$6.16B20253
96Latvia$6.10B20252
97Sri Lanka$6.09B20242.9
98Moldova$6.01B20255.4
99North Macedonia$5.80B20254.6
100Brunei$5.49B20257.9
101Trinidad and Tobago$5.37B20255.5
102Bahrain$5.27B20251.4
103DR Congo$5.10B20231.7
104Armenia$5.09B20253.3
105Cameroon$5.06B20245.3
106El Salvador$4.82B20252.4
107Tajikistan$4.31B20255.7
108Croatia$4.22B20250.8
109Zambia$4.09B20243.3
110Mozambique$3.84B20243.4
111Ethiopia$3.78B20241.8
112Laos$3.71B20253.4
112Papua New Guinea$3.71B20244.9
114Slovenia$3.55B20250.7
115Uganda$3.48B20242.3
116Botswana$3.46B20244.7
117Haiti$3.39B20256.82024
118Namibia$3.10B202542024
119Luxembourg$3.06B20250.1
120Cyprus$2.95B20250.5
121Bahamas$2.81B202542024
122Madagascar$2.78B20245.5
123Estonia$2.44B20250.7
124Aruba$2.23B20255.82023
125Montenegro$2.20B20253.9
126Mauritania$2.04B20215.4
127Rwanda$1.96B20254.22024
128West Bank and Gaza$1.83B20252.3
129Fiji$1.66B20254.42024
130Barbados$1.65B2024n/a
131Suriname$1.62B20253.3
132Chad$1.55B2024n/a
133Malta$1.54B20250.22024
134Kosovo$1.52B20251.8
135Guyana$1.36B20250.82023
136Guinea$1.35B20241.3
137Cabo Verde$1.26B20258.7
138Yemen$1.25B2022n/a
139Bhutan$1.19B20256.62024
140Equatorial Guinea$1.08B2024n/a
141Lesotho$1.01B20245.5
142Maldives$984.6M20251.9
143San Marino$861.2M20252.62024
144Timor-Leste$806.3M20255.8
145Seychelles$773.7M20243.7
146Republic of the Congo$758.6M20241.62021
147Solomon Islands$685.8M20248.9
148Djibouti$655.7M20250.92024
149Gabon$638.8M2024n/a
150The Gambia$628.8M20244.8
151Vanuatu$614.6M202412.62022
152Samoa$598.3M202512.4
153Malawi$594.5M20201.9
154Bolivia$579.9M20250.5
155Belize$559.4M20253.5
156Eswatini$536.6M20241.9
157Micronesia$497.4M2021n/a
158Central African Republic$489.3M2024n/a
159Zimbabwe$485.0M20240.5
160St. Lucia$447.2M20253
161Sierra Leone$433.3M20241.8
162Tonga$412.7M202511
163Comoros$409.1M20257.62023
164Grenada$408.1M20254.4
165Antigua and Barbuda$378.5M20253
166Liberia$338.8M202522024
167St. Kitts and Nevis$282.1M20254.4
168St. Vincent and the Grenadines$281.2M20254.7
169Cayman Islands$270.4M20250.32024
170Dominica$164.7M20253.9
171Burundi$90.3M20230.7
172Sao Tome and Principe$58.8M20242.7
173South Sudan$16.0M20240.22023

Each figure is the latest available for that country, so rows can refer to different years; compare years before comparing values. n/a means the source has no figure for that country in that column. Values are rounded for display; the CSV download has full precision.

44 countries and territories have no figure

American Samoa, Andorra, Benin, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Burkina Faso, Channel Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Curaçao, Eritrea, Faroe Islands, French Polynesia, Gibraltar, Greenland, Guam, Guinea-Bissau, Iran, Isle of Man, Kiribati, Liechtenstein, Mali, Marshall Islands, Monaco, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niger, North Korea, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Puerto Rico, Saint Martin, Senegal, Sint Maarten, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, U.S. Virgin Islands, Venezuela.

World map of total reserves including gold, latest available, 2020 to 2025. Source: World Bank World Development Indicators.
Highest: China $3.75T (2025), United States $1.39T (2025), Japan $1.37T (2025). Source: World Bank World Development Indicators. 24 ranked countries are too small for the map's outlines and drawn as a dot at the capital. Shapes show location only.
Embed this map
<a href="https://statisticsoftheworld.com/foreign-exchange-reserves-by-country"><img src="https://statisticsoftheworld.com/maps/FI.RES.TOTL.CD.svg" width="960" height="500" alt="World map of total reserves including gold, latest available, 2020 to 2025. Source: World Bank World Development Indicators."></a>
<p>Source: World Bank World Development Indicators. Map: <a href="https://statisticsoftheworld.com/foreign-exchange-reserves-by-country">Statistics of the World</a></p>

Then and now

China2000: $171.76B2025: $3.75TUnited States2000: $128.40B2025: $1.39TJapan2000: $361.64B2025: $1.37TSwitzerland2000: $53.62B2025: $1.08TIndia2000: $41.06B2025: $700.07BRussia2000: $27.66B2024: $608.36B
Source: World Bank World Development Indicators. Years 2000 to 2025; each panel has its own scale.
The first 10 in each year, among the countries with a figure that year; the last column is the table above (latest available, 2020 to 2025).
#20002025
1Japan ($361.64B)China ($3.75T)
2China ($171.76B)United States ($1.39T)
3United States ($128.40B)Japan ($1.37T)
4Hong Kong ($107.56B)Switzerland ($1.08T)
5South Korea ($96.25B)India ($700.07B)
6Germany ($87.50B)Russia ($608.36B, 2024)
7Singapore ($81.08B)Germany ($572.20B)
8France ($63.73B)Saudi Arabia ($505.16B)
9Switzerland ($53.62B)South Korea ($436.57B)
10United Kingdom ($50.94B)Italy ($434.01B)

By region

total reserves including gold by World Bank region: countries with a figure, highest, lowest and median.
RegionCountriesHighestLowestMedian, each country counted onceSum of same-year figures
East Asia & Pacific26China ($3.75T)Tonga ($412.7M)$27.84B$6.93T (20 countries, 2025)
Europe & Central Asia49Switzerland ($1.08T)San Marino ($861.2M)$24.05B$4.68T (47 countries, 2025)
Latin America & Caribbean33Brazil ($358.51B)Dominica ($164.7M)$5.37B$1.01T (31 countries, 2025)
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan21Saudi Arabia ($505.16B)Djibouti ($655.7M)$33.30B$1.57T (16 countries, 2025)
North America2United States ($1.39T)Canada ($125.63B)$755.54B$1.51T (2 countries, 2025)
South Asia6India ($700.07B)Maldives ($984.6M)$13.60B$751.92B (5 countries, 2025)
Sub-Saharan Africa36South Africa ($76.02B)South Sudan ($16.0M, 2024)$1.45B$177.49B (11 countries, 2025)

A regional sum adds the countries with 2025 figures; it is not an official regional figure.

Where major economies rank

  • United States: $1.39T in 2025, rank 2 of 173.
  • China: $3.75T in 2025, rank 1 of 173.
  • India: $700.07B in 2025, rank 5 of 173.
  • Japan: $1.37T in 2025, rank 3 of 173.
  • Germany: $572.20B in 2025, rank 7 of 173.
  • United Kingdom: $214.36B in 2025, rank 20 of 173.
  • France: $428.21B in 2025, rank 12 of 173.
  • Brazil: $358.51B in 2025, rank 14 of 173.
  • Canada: $125.63B in 2025, rank 26 of 173.
  • Nigeria: $46.02B in 2025, rank 54 of 173.

Compare these economies side by side

About foreign exchange reserves

Reserves are the foreign assets a central bank can use at short notice: foreign currency deposits and securities, monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs) and its reserve position at the IMF. This ranking includes gold, valued at market prices, so a rise in the gold price raises reserves without any new buying.

The second column puts reserves against the country’s imports: how many months of imports of goods and services the reserves could pay for, a common yardstick of how well a country can absorb a sudden stop in foreign money. A large economy needs large reserves to reach the same cover as a small one.

The World Bank publishes no figure for Taiwan, which holds large reserves, so it is not in this table. Euro area members hold reserves at their national central banks; the European Central Bank’s own reserves are not counted under any country.

About these figures

Definition. Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars. (The publisher's definition of “Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)”, copied from the World Bank (World Development Indicators) on 2026-09-07.)

Unit. includes gold, current US dollars

Coverage. 173 of 217 countries and territories have a figure. Each country shows its latest available year, from 2020 to 2025. The most common is 2025 (132 of 173 countries).

The median and any other summary on this page count each country once, so they are not world averages. Values are rounded for display; the CSV download has full precision.

The publisher revises past years when it updates the series, so a figure here can change after it first appears.

Questions about these figures

Which country has the highest total reserves including gold?

China has the highest total reserves including gold: $3.75T in 2025. The figures come from the World Bank World Development Indicators.

Which country has the lowest total reserves including gold?

South Sudan has the lowest total reserves including gold: $16.0M in 2024.

How many countries are ranked, and for which years?

173 countries and territories have a figure in this ranking. Each country shows its latest available year, from 2020 to 2025. The most common is 2025 (132 of 173 countries).

What is the median total reserves including gold across countries?

The median is $8.60B: half of the 173 countries are above it and half below. The most common year of the figures is 2025. It counts each country once, so it is not a world average.

How much of the combined total do the largest countries account for?

Among the 132 countries with 2025 figures, the ten largest account for 64.1% of their combined total.

Where does the United States rank on total reserves including gold?

The United States ranks 2 of 173, at $1.39T in 2025.

Which country has the highest total reserves including gold in each region?

East Asia & Pacific: China ($3.75T); Europe & Central Asia: Switzerland ($1.08T); Latin America & Caribbean: Brazil ($358.51B); Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan: Saudi Arabia ($505.16B); North America: the United States ($1.39T); South Asia: India ($700.07B); Sub-Saharan Africa: South Africa ($76.02B). Figures are for 2025 unless another year is shown. Regions follow the World Bank's groups.

Use and cite this data

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Statistics of the World. Foreign Exchange Reserves by Country: 2025 Rankings. Data: World Bank World Development Indicators, figures for 2020 to 2025. https://statisticsoftheworld.com/foreign-exchange-reserves-by-country