Latvia
LVAEurope & Central AsiaHigh incomeCapital: RigaEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
76/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$55
2027▲ 5.5%
Population
1.9M
2024▼ 0.9%
GDP per Capita
$29,620
2027▲ 5.7%
Life Expectancy
75.7 years
2023▲ 1.9%
Latvia in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Latvia· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Latvia
Latvia's GDP is $52.25B (2026), with a population of 1.9M, and GDP per capita of $28,024. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 2.2%, inflation at 2.6%, unemployment at 6.6%, government debt at 47.4% of GDP, life expectancy of 75.7 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
Located in Europe and Central Asia, this high-income economy is projected to see a GDP growth rate of 2.2% in 2026, with a total GDP of $52.248 billion. The GDP per capita is expected to reach $28,024.242 in the same year. Inflation is anticipated to be 2.6%, while trade as a percentage of GDP was 132.26% in 2024. The unemployment rate is projected to be 6.568% in 2025. The capital city is Riga. The population is approximately 1,866,124 as of 2024. Life expectancy stands at 75.68 years, reflecting advancements in healthcare and living standards. The society benefits from a robust education system and a growing integration into the European Union, contributing to its social and economic development.
▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2027 · IMF / WB
▶Financial Markets1 indicator · 2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central Bank Policy Rate (%) | 2.26% | 2025 | ▼ 39.4% | WB |
▶Fiscal & Monetary16 indicators · 2023–2027 · IMF / WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 2.8% | 2027 | ▲ 7.7% | IMF |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 49.0% | 2027 | ▲ 3.4% | IMF |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -4.2% | 2027 | ▼ 40.0% | IMF |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -2.4% | 2027 | ▼ 4.3% | IMF |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 6.6% | 2027 | ▲ 0.0% | IMF |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 1.3% | 2024 | ▼ 85.8% | WB |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 32.0% | 2023 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 34.2% | 2023 | ▼ 5.9% | WB |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 16.6% | 2023 | ▼ 3.0% | WB |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 40.0% | 2023 | ▼ 10.3% | WB |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 8.7% | 2023 | ▲ 3.0% | WB |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 4.0% | 2023 | ▲ 26.3% | WB |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $5.14B | 2024 | ▲ 3.7% | WB |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 1.8 | 2024 | ▲ 5.1% | WB |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 0.92 | 2024 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 0.5 | 2024 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 132.3% | 2024 | ▼ 2.5% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 65.3% | 2024 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 66.9% | 2024 | ▼ 3.9% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $28.54B | 2024 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $29.24B | 2024 | ▼ 1.9% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $20.67B | 2024 | ▼ 8.8% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $23.74B | 2024 | ▼ 13.3% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 3.5% | 2024 | ▼ 12.2% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.6% | 2024 | ▼ 75.4% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $1.51B | 2024 | ▼ 10.4% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $1.34B | 2024 | ▲ 8.4% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 3.1% | 2024 | ▲ 6.1% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 17.5% | 2024 | ▼ 5.7% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -1.6% | 2024 | ▲ 59.5% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-687.9M | 2024 | ▲ 58.6% | WB |
▶Finance7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 29.5% | 2024 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 9.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 2.4% | 2023 | ▲ 5.3% | WB |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 95.0% | 2024 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 95.4% | 2024 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 94.4% | 2024 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 18.1% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Business Environment1 indicator · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 37 | 2024 | — | WB |
▶Private Sector6 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 2.5% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 46.5% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 24.1% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Offering Training (%) | 43.3% | 2024 | — | WB |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 24 years | 2024 | — | WB |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 41.8% | 2024 | — | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.9M | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | -0.9% | 2024 | ▼ 507.9% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 30 | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 64,590 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 62,230 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 68.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 1.3M | 2024 | ▼ 0.8% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 31.5% | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 75.7 years | 2023 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 70.8 years | 2023 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 80.8 years | 2023 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.4 | 2023 | ▼ 7.5% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 7.7 | 2023 | ▼ 9.4% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 14.9 | 2023 | ▼ 9.1% | WB |
| Net Migration | -7,330 | 2025 | ▼ 229.4% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 15.4% | 2024 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 62.9% | 2024 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 21.7% | 2024 | ▲ 1.9% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 59.1% | 2024 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 34.6% | 2024 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 24.5% | 2024 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 227.2 | 2023 | ▼ 6.4% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 76.4 | 2023 | ▼ 11.8% | WB |
▶Labor20 indicators · 2024–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 946,983 | 2025 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 60.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 55.2% | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 66.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 6.6% | 2025 | ▼ 4.8% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 5.5% | 2025 | ▼ 4.8% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 7.6% | 2025 | ▼ 4.9% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 12.9% | 2025 | ▼ 4.9% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 6.7% | 2025 | ▼ 3.8% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 21.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 71.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Self-Employed (%) | 61.1% | 2024 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 8.6% | 2025 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 86.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 18.9% | 2024 | ▼ 4.5% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 5.0% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 49.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 56.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 13.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 9.0% | 2024 | ▲ 57.9% | WB |
▶Education17 indicators · 2016–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 4.3% | 2022 | ▼ 9.4% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 9.9% | 2022 | ▼ 7.2% | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 98.5% | 2023 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 102.1% | 2023 | ▼ 2.5% | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 85.7% | 2023 | ▼ 6.1% | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 97.6% | 2023 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 95.0% | 2023 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 2,427 | 2023 | ▲ 40.8% | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 978 | 2023 | ▲ 57.7% | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 9,709 | 2023 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 12,747 | 2023 | ▼ 2.5% | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 12 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 8 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 32.0% | 2016 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 94.7 | 2021 | ▼ 3.9% | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 33.4% | 2016 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 16.0% | 2016 | — | WB |
▶Health40 indicators · 2019–2024 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment16 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 3.6 | 2024 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 7 | 2024 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 2,240 | 2023 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,617 | 2023 | ▼ 2.6% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 63.6% | 2021 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 44.0% | 2021 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 100.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 100.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 11.6 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 55.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 34,224 | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 21.9% | 2023 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 17.9% | 2024 | ▲ 2.3% | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 16.4% | 2024 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 98.8% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 92.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 31.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,558 | 2023 | ▼ 15.0% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 103.9 | 2022 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 105.2 | 2022 | ▲ 4.7% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 102 | 2022 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 763,400 | 2023 | ▼ 1.5% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 66,838 | 2023 | ▲ 8.7% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 94.5 | 2023 | ▼ 7.0% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 2.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 1.0% | 2022 | ▼ 6.6% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 2.7M | 2023 | ▼ 16.3% | WB |
▶Technology13 indicators · 2021–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 92.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 120 | 2023 | ▲ 4.1% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 26 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 28,218.4 | 2024 | ▲ 8.2% | WB |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.76% | 2022 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 104 | 2021 | ▲ 11.8% | WB |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 4 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 1,690 | 2022 | ▼ 11.2% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $1.90B | 2024 | ▼ 11.1% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 17.5% | 2024 | ▲ 3.4% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $1.47B | 2024 | ▲ 7.1% | WB |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 84 | 2021 | — | WB |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 2,270 | 2022 | ▼ 5.2% | WB |
▶Infrastructure9 indicators · 2021–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 4.5M | 2023 | ▲ 22.1% | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 2.4 | 2023 | ▼ 90.6% | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 471,684 | 2022 | ▲ 8.6% | WB |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 1,859 | 2021 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 361 | 2021 | ▼ 12.6% | WB |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 7,367 | 2021 | ▼ 7.7% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.50 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.0% | 2023 | ▼ 47.5% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender8 indicators · 2017–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 32.0% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 55.9% | 2024 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 88.5% | 2025 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 99.3% | 2017 | — | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 7.6 | 2023 | ▼ 12.1% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 99.58 | 2017 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.00 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 1.00 | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.7 | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.7 | 2023 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Political Stability | 0.59 | 2023 | ▲ 21.5% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.17 | 2023 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Rule of Law | 1.04 | 2023 | ▲ 12.9% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | 0.99 | 2023 | ▲ 5.9% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 74.5% | 2023 | ▼ 1.2% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 74.1% | 2023 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 83.0% | 2023 | ▲ 4.1% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 66.8% | 2023 | ▲ 9.8% | WB |
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 3.3% | 2024 | ▲ 9.7% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $1.43B | 2024 | ▲ 13.7% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 9,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.9% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 7.5% | 2024 | ▲ 9.5% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 2.5 | 2023 | ▼ 29.9% | WB |
▶Poverty & Inequality12 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 0.4% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 0.7% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 2.8% | 2023 | ▼ 3.4% | WB |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 22.5% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Gini Index | 34 | 2023 | ▲ 0.9% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 26.2% | 2023 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.6% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 41.5% | 2023 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.2% | 2023 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 2.8% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 40.02 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 0.3% | 2023 | ▲ 50.0% | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.71 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.75 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.66 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 11.0 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism2 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 3.2M | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 690,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development7 indicators · 2022–2025 · WB / WHO
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | -0.8% | 2024 | ▼ 299.3% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 615,764 | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 48.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.5% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 0.6% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -1.3% | 2024 | ▼ 1374.0% | WB |
| Access to Safely Managed Drinking Water (%) | 97.0% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 92.5% | 2024 | ▲ 0.0% | WHO |
