Nicaragua
NICLatin America & Caribbean Lower middle incomeCapital: ManaguaEconomy
Fiscal
People
Health
Education
Trade
Energy / Env
Tech
Governance
Equality
Infra
Labor
68/80 indicators · percentile vs world (IMF / WB / WHO)underover
GDP
$24.23B
2026▲ 8.9%
Population
6.9M
2024▲ 1.4%
GDP per Capita
$3,559
2026▲ 6.7%
Life Expectancy
74.9 years
2023▲ 0.6%
Nicaragua in world space2000–2023
192 countries · log scale on X world Nicaragua· trajectory line: 1980 → today
▶About Nicaragua
Nicaragua's GDP is $24.23B (2026), with a population of 7.0M, and GDP per capita of $3,559. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 3.8%, inflation at 3.5%, unemployment at 2.7%, government debt at 33.2% of GDP, life expectancy of 75.1 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators.
▶Economy30 indicators · 2021–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Fiscal & Monetary21 indicators · 2022–2026 · IMF / WB
▶Trade15 indicators · 2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 98.5% | 2024 | ▼ 6.2% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 40.5% | 2024 | ▼ 11.7% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 58.1% | 2024 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $7.97B | 2024 | ▼ 2.4% | WB |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $11.43B | 2024 | ▲ 8.6% | WB |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $7.52B | 2024 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $11.47B | 2024 | ▲ 5.1% | WB |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 6.9% | 2024 | ▲ 9.8% | WB |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2024 | ▲ 58.5% | WB |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $1.35B | 2024 | ▲ 21.4% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $5.25B | 2024 | ▲ 12.5% | WB |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 26.6% | 2024 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 0.6% | 2024 | ▼ 25.9% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | 4.2% | 2024 | ▼ 49.6% | WB |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $817.6M | 2024 | ▼ 44.2% | WB |
▶External Debt7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 82.8% | 2024 | ▼ 8.3% | WB |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $15.49B | 2024 | ▲ 0.8% | WB |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 9.7% | 2024 | ▼ 6.9% | WB |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $6.18B | 2024 | — | WB |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $600.4M | 2024 | ▼ 11.2% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 3.4% | 2023 | ▼ 56.2% | WB |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $581.8M | 2023 | ▼ 48.4% | WB |
▶Finance7 indicators · 2023–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 26.6% | 2024 | ▼ 5.3% | WB |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 29.7% | 2024 | ▼ 0.9% | WB |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 8.0% | 2023 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 1.5% | 2023 | ▼ 1.1% | WB |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 23.5% | 2024 | ▼ 9.8% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 21.2% | 2024 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 26.0% | 2024 | ▼ 16.1% | WB |
▶People23 indicators · 2023–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 6.9M | 2024 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Population Growth (%) | 1.3% | 2024 | ▼ 1.8% | WB |
| Population Density (per km²) | 57 | 2023 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 130,370 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Land Area (sq km) | 120,340 | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Urban Population (%) | 59.3% | 2024 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Urban Population (total) | 4.1M | 2024 | ▲ 1.6% | WB |
| Rural Population (%) | 40.7% | 2024 | ▼ 0.3% | WB |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 74.9 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 72.3 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.7% | WB |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 77.4 years | 2023 | ▲ 0.6% | WB |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 2.2 | 2023 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 19.4 | 2023 | ▼ 1.6% | WB |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 4.6 | 2023 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
| Net Migration | -8,371 | 2025 | ▼ 2.2% | WB |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 28.8% | 2024 | ▼ 1.5% | WB |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 65.7% | 2024 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 5.5% | 2024 | ▲ 2.9% | WB |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 52.2% | 2024 | ▼ 1.3% | WB |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 8.4% | 2024 | ▲ 2.4% | WB |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 43.8% | 2024 | ▼ 2.0% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 165.8 | 2023 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 92 | 2023 | ▼ 3.3% | WB |
▶Labor18 indicators · 2014–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 3.3M | 2025 | ▲ 2.0% | WB |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 66.1% | 2025 | ▲ 0.1% | WB |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 51.3% | 2025 | ▲ 0.3% | WB |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 81.8% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Unemployment (%) | 5.0% | 2025 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 5.2% | 2025 | ▲ 1.4% | WB |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 5.0% | 2025 | ▲ 1.1% | WB |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 9.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 30.5% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 16.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Employment in Services (%) | 52.6% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 38.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 55.7% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 5.4% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 39.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.2% | WB |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 62.7% | 2025 | ▼ 0.0% | WB |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 44.3% | 2025 | ▼ 0.5% | WB |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 24.5% | 2014 | — | WB |
▶Education15 indicators · 2007–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 2.9% | 2023 | ▼ 24.6% | WB |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 11.0% | 2024 | ▼ 37.7% | WB |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 109.5% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 70.2% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 30.4% | 2023 | — | WB |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 81.7% | 2022 | — | WB |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 64.7% | 2010 | — | WB |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 53,481 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 25,719 | 2023 | — | WB |
| Primary School Teachers | 29,707 | 2023 | ▼ 1.4% | WB |
| Secondary School Teachers | 12,739 | 2023 | ▼ 14.0% | WB |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 39.8% | 2010 | — | WB |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 48.4 | 2007 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 13.2% | 2010 | — | WB |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 26.0% | 2010 | — | WB |
▶Health33 indicators · 2012–2025 · WHO
▶Energy & Environment14 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 0.8 | 2024 | ▲ 2.3% | WB |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 6 | 2024 | ▲ 3.7% | WB |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 608 | 2022 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 682 | 2022 | ▲ 10.4% | WB |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 69.5% | 2021 | ▼ 1.0% | WB |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 50.4% | 2021 | — | WB |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 88.3% | 2023 | ▲ 2.1% | WB |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 59.6% | 2023 | ▲ 1.7% | WB |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 16.8 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Forest Area (%) | 25.8% | 2023 | ▼ 3.1% | WB |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 31,075 | 2023 | ▼ 3.1% | WB |
| Arable Land (%) | 12.5% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 10.1% | 2024 | ▲ 1.0% | WB |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 3.6% | 2024 | ▲ 5.9% | WB |
▶Agriculture11 indicators · 2022–2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 42.3% | 2023 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 2,515 | 2023 | ▲ 6.6% | WB |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 127.9 | 2022 | ▼ 0.2% | WB |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 130.8 | 2022 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 126 | 2022 | ▼ 3.1% | WB |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 350,425 | 2023 | ▼ 12.9% | WB |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 56,548 | 2023 | ▲ 5.2% | WB |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 64.2 | 2023 | ▲ 8.3% | WB |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 17.3% | 2022 | ▲ 1.8% | WB |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 0.8% | 2022 | ▲ 0.0% | WB |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 881,420 | 2023 | ▼ 7.1% | WB |
▶Technology8 indicators · 2022–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 58.2% | 2023 | ▲ 18.5% | WB |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 106 | 2023 | ▲ 1.5% | WB |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 5.4 | 2023 | ▲ 8.4% | WB |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 94 | 2024 | ▼ 9.2% | WB |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 41 | 2022 | ▼ 9.0% | WB |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $16.6M | 2024 | ▼ 27.7% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 19.4% | 2024 | ▲ 8.1% | WB |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $252.3M | 2024 | ▼ 10.0% | WB |
▶Infrastructure6 indicators · 2000–2022 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 61,031 | 2000 | — | WB |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 0.5 | 2000 | — | WB |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 153,390 | 2022 | ▼ 11.1% | WB |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.50 | 2022 | — | WB |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 35.5% | 2022 | ▲ 15.2% | WB |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Gender5 indicators · 2010–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 53.8% | 2024 | ▲ 4.3% | WB |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 50.9% | 2025 | ▲ 0.4% | WB |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 93.5 | 2023 | ▼ 0.6% | WB |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.13 | 2010 | — | WB |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.99 | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Governance10 indicators · 2023 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.39 | 2023 | ▼ 7.8% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness | -1.08 | 2023 | ▼ 4.6% | WB |
| Political Stability | -0.13 | 2023 | ▲ 65.0% | WB |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.88 | 2023 | ▲ 4.0% | WB |
| Rule of Law | -1.28 | 2023 | ▲ 2.5% | WB |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.39 | 2023 | ▼ 2.8% | WB |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 7.1% | 2023 | ▼ 6.2% | WB |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 13.2% | 2023 | ▼ 3.4% | WB |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 9.4% | 2023 | ▲ 5.3% | WB |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 42.2% | 2023 | ▲ 24.2% | WB |
▶Military6 indicators · 2020–2024 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 0.5% | 2024 | ▼ 1.7% | WB |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $105.3M | 2024 | ▲ 6.8% | WB |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 12,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.4% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 1.9% | 2024 | ▼ 9.6% | WB |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 11.3 | 2021 | — | WB |
▶Social Protection4 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.51 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.53 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.49 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 6.7 years | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Tourism3 indicators · 2020 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 474,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| International Tourism, Departures | 325,000 | 2020 | — | WB |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $102.0M | 2020 | — | WB |
▶Urban Development6 indicators · 2020–2025 · WB
| Indicator | Value | Year | Δ YoY | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.6% | 2024 | ▼ 0.7% | WB |
| Population in Largest City | 1.1M | 2025 | ▲ 1.2% | WB |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 26.9% | 2025 | ▼ 0.4% | WB |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 16.0% | 2025 | ▼ 0.1% | WB |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 5.5% | 2020 | — | WB |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.0% | 2024 | ▼ 4.3% | WB |
