Kenya
Capital: NairobiRegion: Sub-Saharan Africa Income: Lower middle income
Kenya's GDP is $140.87B (2026), with a population of 56.4M, and GDP per capita of $2,596. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 4.9%, inflation at 5.2%, government debt at 70.1% of GDP, life expectancy of 63.6 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Kenya's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Financial Markets
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate (per USD) | 130.06 | 2026 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 5.2% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 70.1% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -5.6% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -3.4% | 2026 |
| Total Investment (% of GDP) | 18.4% | 2026 |
| Gross National Savings (% of GDP) | 15.0% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 4.5% | 2024 |
| Real Interest Rate (%) | 7.8% | 2023 |
| Lending Interest Rate (%) | 13.6% | 2023 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 9.2% | 2023 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 18.6% | 2023 |
| Government Expenditure (% of GDP) | 27.8% | 2023 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 14.1% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 33.5% | 2023 |
| Taxes on International Trade (% of revenue) | 8.0% | 2023 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 33.3% | 2023 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 6.9% | 2023 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $10.07B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 4 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 134.82 | 2024 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 43.27 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 40.2% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 40.2% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 17.1% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 23.1% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $20.54B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $27.82B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $8.24B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $20.09B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.3% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $463.4M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $5.00B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 4.2% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 3.2% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -1.3% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-1.55B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 35.0% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $42.89B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 4.8% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $30.27B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $4.96B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 2.5% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $2.60B | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 55.7% | 2023 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 31.8% | 2023 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 12.5% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $15.00B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 0.3% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 59 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 10.4% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 12.3% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 90.1% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 86.5% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 93.9% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 56.4M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 2.0% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 95 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 591,969 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 580,876 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 31.9% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 18.0M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 68.1% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 63.6 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 61.5 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 65.9 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 3.2 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 27.1 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 7.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -27,330 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 36.8% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 60.2% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 3.0% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 66.1% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 4.9% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 61.2% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 356.1 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 274.7 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 24.7M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 67.4% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 63.0% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 71.8% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 5.4% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 6.7% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 4.3% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 15.2% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 45.8% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 12.5% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 41.7% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 59.1% | 2022 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 63.8% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 35.2% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 39.4% | 2022 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 1.0% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 47.4% | 2025 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 63.7% | 2025 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 64.8% | 2025 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 27.8% | 2022 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 4.0% | 2024 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 28.5% | 2025 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 98.2% | 2023 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 84.3% | 2023 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 10.4% | 2024 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 102.2% | 2016 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 101.2% | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 468,923 | 2023 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 17,499 | 2023 |
| Primary School Teachers | 281,500 | 2023 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 168,396 | 2023 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 31 | 2015 |
| Expenditure per Student, Primary (% of GDP/cap) | 36.3% | 2015 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 93.0 | 2014 |
| Education Spending, Secondary (% of govt) | 41.8% | 2015 |
| Education Spending, Tertiary (% of govt) | 13.1% | 2015 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 0.4 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 22 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 545 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 190 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 78.1% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 67.7% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 76.2% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 31.6% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 24.4 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 6.2% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 36,111 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 11.4% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 11.8% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 65.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 40.9% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 49.5% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 1,758 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 112.4 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 117 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 103.7 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 2.9M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 134,715 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 50.5 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 36.8% | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 1.0% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 19.5% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 5.1M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 35.0% | 2024 |
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 121 | 2023 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 2.4 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 399.7 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.81% | 2023 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 160 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 37 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 2,007 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $67.0M | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 10.6% | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $853.4M | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 126 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 201 | 2023 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 5.1M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 288.6 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 1.4M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 1,917 | 2004 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 1,399 | 2004 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.81 | 2018 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 10.3% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 23.3% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 54.3% | 2022 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 26.0% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 92.3% | 2016 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 56.3 | 2023 |
| Women Who Believe Husband Can Beat Wife (%) | 32.4% | 2022 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 94.06 | 2016 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.90 | 2009 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.97 | 2019 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.77 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.3 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -0.94 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.39 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -0.33 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.12 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 24.1% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 38.7% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 41.0% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 14.7% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.0% | 2024 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $1.23B | 2024 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 24,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 0.1% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 4.4% | 2024 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 4.9 | 2022 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 46.9% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 67.0% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 90.9% | 2022 |
| Poverty Headcount, National (%) | 39.8% | 2022 |
| Gini Index | 37.7 | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 30.1% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.9% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 45.6% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 7.2% | 2022 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | -3.1% | 2021 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 4.34 | 2021 |
| Poverty Gap at $2.15/day (%) | 14.1% | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.55 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 8.5 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 2.0M | 2019 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $1.76B | 2019 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 15.4% | 2019 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $755.0M | 2019 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 2.8% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 5.8M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 31.1% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 12.7% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 40.5% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 1.6% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 35.8% | 2024 |
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