Sudan
Capital: KhartoumRegion: Sub-Saharan Africa Income: Low income
Sudan's GDP is $39.47B (2026), with a population of 50.4M, and GDP per capita of $763. Key indicators include real GDP growth of 9.5%, inflation at 54.6%, unemployment at 58.0%, government debt at 172.4% of GDP, life expectancy of 66.3 years. Data sourced from the IMF World Economic Outlook and World Bank World Development Indicators. Explore Sudan's full economic profile with 440+ indicators, interactive charts, and historical data below.
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook
Economy
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 54.6% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 172.4% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -4.1% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -7.7% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 58.0% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 138.8% | 2022 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 546.76 | 2022 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 729.48 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 31.9% | 2020 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 2.0% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 0.7% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 1.3% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $358.1M | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $633.1M | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $3.13B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $4.91B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 1.4% | 2023 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.2% | 2021 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $548.2M | 2023 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $900.0M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 1.8% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -8.6% | 2022 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-4.44B | 2022 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 45.4% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $22.02B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 0.4% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $20.15B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $2.33B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 3.5% | 2023 |
| Net ODA Received (USD) | $1.39B | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 5.6% | 2022 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 15.3% | 2014 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 10.0% | 2014 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 20.2% | 2014 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 50.4M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 0.8% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 27 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 1.9M | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 1.9M | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 34.9% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 17.6M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 65.1% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 66.3 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 63.3 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 69.6 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 4.3 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 33.6 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 6.4 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 291,469 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 40.5% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 56.2% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 3.3% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 77.9% | 2024 |
| Old-Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 5.9% | 2024 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio (%) | 72.0% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 259.5 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 158.5 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 10.9M | 2022 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 37.5% | 2022 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 14.5% | 2022 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.6% | 2022 |
| Unemployment (%) | 7.5% | 2022 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 14.0% | 2022 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 5.9% | 2022 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 12.0% | 2022 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 39.8% | 2022 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 14.0% | 2022 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 46.2% | 2022 |
| Self-Employed (%) | 37.9% | 2022 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 39.7% | 2022 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 53.5% | 2022 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 14.2% | 2022 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 6.9% | 2022 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 19.7% | 2022 |
| Employment to Population Ratio (%) | 34.7% | 2022 |
| Self-Employed (% of total) | 46.5% | 2022 |
| NEET Youth (% not in education/employment) | 46.5% | 2022 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 72.4% | 2019 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 43.5% | 2019 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 60.1% | 2019 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 47.5% | 2019 |
| Primary School Teachers | 193,338 | 2019 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 72,287 | 2019 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary) | 74.2 | 2018 |
Health
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| CO₂ Emissions (tonnes per capita) | 0.4 | 2024 |
| CO₂ Emissions (total kilotonnes) | 22 | 2024 |
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 412 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 279 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 58.0% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 61.0% | 2021 |
| Access to Electricity (%) | 66.0% | 2023 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 70.5% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 45.8 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 9.6% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 178,431 | 2023 |
| Arable Land (%) | 11.2% | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 2.8% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 17.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 64.9% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 65.7% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 60.3% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 449 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 116.4 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 126.2 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 106.4 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 9.3M | 2023 |
| Total Fisheries Production (metric tonnes) | 40,960 | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 7.1 | 2023 |
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (%) | 11.0% | 2021 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 1.4% | 2020 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 673.4% | 2022 |
| Cereal Production (metric tons) | 4.2M | 2023 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Mobile Subscriptions (per 100 people) | 70 | 2022 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 0.1 | 2022 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 2.4 | 2024 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 153 | 2020 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 7 | 2020 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 507 | 2022 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 0.1% | 2022 |
| ICT Service Exports (USD) | $912,664 | 2022 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 243 | 2020 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 911,090 | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 20 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 320,274 | 2021 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 2,747 | 2020 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 34 | 2013 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.40 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 28.6% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 30.5% | 2018 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 14.4% | 2022 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 43.2% | 2022 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 84.0% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 66.1 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Primary | 86.05 | 2017 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 1.02 | 2018 |
| Gender Parity in Primary Education | 0.93 | 2018 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.5 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -1.98 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | -2.47 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -1.6 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | -1.67 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.6 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 4.2% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 2.4% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 4.2% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 1.9% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 0.9% | 2021 |
| Military Expenditure (USD) | $375.2M | 2021 |
| Armed Forces Personnel | 144,000 | 2020 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 1.3% | 2020 |
| Military Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 9.5% | 2021 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.38 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.39 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.37 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 4.3 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 836,000 | 2018 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $1.04B | 2018 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $13.0M | 2018 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 20.9% | 2018 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Population Growth (%) | 1.0% | 2024 |
| Population in Largest City | 6.8M | 2025 |
| Population in Largest City (% of urban) | 37.4% | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 13.1% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 73.7% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 0.7% | 2024 |
Explore Rankings
See where Sudan ranks globally across key indicators
Similar Economies
Countries in the same region (Sub-Saharan Africa ) or income group (Low income)
