Iceland—R&D Spending (% of GDP)
Iceland's r&d spending (% of gdp) was 2.60% in 2022, ranking #14 out of 105 countries. This represents a -6.4% change from 2021. Over the past 20 years, the highest recorded value was 2.85% (2006) and the lowest was 1.69% (2013). Data sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators.
Historical Data
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 2.60% | -6.4% |
| 2021 | 2.78% | +11.8% |
| 2020 | 2.49% | +6.2% |
| 2019 | 2.34% | +17.0% |
| 2018 | 2.00% | -4.0% |
| 2017 | 2.08% | -1.3% |
| 2016 | 2.11% | -3.3% |
| 2015 | 2.18% | +12.7% |
| 2014 | 1.94% | +14.4% |
| 2013 | 1.69% | -29.6% |
| 2011 | 2.40% | -7.4% |
| 2009 | 2.60% | +5.4% |
| 2008 | 2.46% | -2.7% |
| 2007 | 2.53% | -11.2% |
| 2006 | 2.85% | +6.5% |
| 2005 | 2.68% | -1.0% |
| 2003 | 2.71% | -4.1% |
| 2002 | 2.82% | -0.7% |
| 2001 | 2.84% | +10.4% |
| 2000 | 2.57% |
Top Countries — R&D Spending (% of GDP)
| # | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Israel | 6.02% | 2022 |
| 2 | Liechtenstein | 5.87% | 2019 |
| 3 | Korea, Rep. | 5.21% | 2022 |
| 4 | United States | 3.59% | 2022 |
| 5 | Sweden | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 6 | Belgium | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 7 | Japan | 3.41% | 2022 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 3.31% | 2021 |
| 9 | Austria | 3.20% | 2022 |
| 10 | Germany | 3.13% | 2022 |
About This Indicator
Definition
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Methodology
Data compiled by Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02.