Venezuela—R&D Spending (% of GDP)
Venezuela's R&D spending (% of GDP) was 0.34% in 2014. This represents a +5.8% change from 2013. Over the past 10 years, the highest recorded value was 0.34% (2014) and the lowest was 0.15% (2011). Data sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators.
Historical Data
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.34% | +5.8% |
| 2013 | 0.32% | +27.4% |
| 2012 | 0.25% | +63.5% |
| 2011 | 0.15% | -18.7% |
| 2010 | 0.19% | -21.6% |
| 2009 | 0.24% | +0.9% |
| 2008 | 0.24% | +18.4% |
| 2007 | 0.20% | -36.6% |
| 2006 | 0.32% | +67.9% |
| 2005 | 0.19% |
Top Countries — R&D Spending (% of GDP)
| # | Country | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Israel | 6.35% | 2023 |
| 2 | Liechtenstein | 6.01% | 2023 |
| 3 | South Korea | 4.94% | 2023 |
| 4 | Sweden | 3.60% | 2023 |
| 5 | United States | 3.45% | 2023 |
| 6 | Japan | 3.44% | 2023 |
| 7 | Belgium | 3.27% | 2023 |
| 8 | Austria | 3.26% | 2023 |
| 9 | Switzerland | 3.22% | 2023 |
| 10 | Germany | 3.15% | 2023 |
About This Indicator
Definition
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
Methodology
Data compiled by Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources/bulk, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), date accessed: 2025-03-26, date published: 2025-02.
Unit
% of GDP