Economic data

World Bank derived GEM observations; publisher native values and adjustment are preserved. Only reviewed individual countries/territories are included; regional/global aggregates are excluded. The workbook supplies no observation flags, detailed national methodological breaks or currency codes. No growth rate, quarter, currency conversion, annualization, deflation or rebasing is inferred. Quarterly GDP is the publisher quarterly measure, not guaranteed to be comparable with another publisher annual-rate convention. Local-currency levels and FX magnitudes cannot be compared across countries or across unreported currency redenominations. Monthly FX is an official period average, not a live currency-market quote; reserve cover refers only to merchandise imports. Rights apply to the World Bank published derived dataset, not underlying Datastream feeds.

Source: World Bank, Global Economic Monitor (GEM), CC BY 4.0. SOTW selects native country-level observations; no publisher endorsement is implied.

Reuse terms: CC-BY-4.0. Effective resale permission: permitted under the provider terms.

Series-wide coverage: 2015-01-01 to 2026-10-01. SOTW publication: 2026-10-23T13:40:15.299827+00:00.

Acquisition and dataset-update dates do not establish original publication dates. This view shows current source readings. Use a recorded-state pin to replay SOTW’s archive from its activation boundary.

Exchange rates retain national currency units per US dollar. View one source country at a time.

{
  "unit": "local currency units per US$",
  "dataset": "World Bank Global Economic Monitor (source 15, catalog 0037798)",
  "workbook": "Official exchange rate, LCU per USD, period average.xlsx",
  "frequency": "M",
  "selection": {
    "countries": "World Bank nonaggregate country catalog plus publisher-coded TWN exception",
    "worksheet": "monthly",
    "geographic_aliases": {
      "Lao, PDR": "LAO",
      "Slovakia": "SVK",
      "Moldova, Rep.": "MDA",
      "Taiwan, China": "TWN",
      "Virgin Islands, U.S.": "VIR",
      "Tanzania, United Rep.": "TZA"
    },
    "excluded_aggregates": [
      "Advanced Economies",
      "Commodity-exporting EMDE",
      "Commodity-importing EMDE",
      "Commodity-importing EMDE excluding China",
      "Developing Countries",
      "EMDE East Asia & Pacific",
      "EMDE East Asia and Pacific",
      "EMDE Europe & Central Asia",
      "EMDE Europe and Central Asia",
      "EMDE Latin America & Caribbean",
      "EMDE Latin America and the Caribbean",
      "EMDE Middle East and North Africa",
      "EMDE Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan",
      "EMDE South Asia",
      "EMDE Sub-Saharan Africa",
      "East Asia & Pacific developing",
      "Emerging Market and Developing Economies",
      "Emerging Market and Developing Economies (EMDEs)",
      "Europe and Central Asia developing",
      "High Income Countries",
      "Latin America & Caribbean developing",
      "Low Income Countries",
      "Low-Income Countries (LIC)",
      "Lower Middle Income Countries",
      "Middle East & N. Africa developing",
      "Middle Income Countries",
      "Middle-Income Countries (MIC)",
      "Netherlands Antilles",
      "Serbia and Montenegro",
      "South Asia developing",
      "Sub-Saharan Africa developing",
      "Upper Middle Income Countries",
      "World",
      "World (WBG members)"
    ]
  },
  "valuation": "national authority or legally sanctioned exchange market",
  "adjustment": "not specified by publisher; monthly period average",
  "annualization": null,
  "licence_review": {
    "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "terms_url": "https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/public-licenses?fragment=cc",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-10-11",
    "dataset_license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
    "dataset_specific_url": "https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/infrastructure-data/search/dataset/0037798/global-economic-monitor"
  },
  "transformation": "none",
  "units_authority": "current official bulk workbook filename and exact coded series dictionary; no rebasing applied",
  "publisher_metadata": {
    "Source": "World Bank staff calculations based on Datastream and IMF International Finance Statistics data.",
    "Longdefinition": "Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar)."
  },
  "publisher_indicator": "DPANUSLCU",
  "reviewed_since_year": 2015,
  "constant_price_base_year": null,
  "publisher_metadata_status": "supplied in source-15 metadata",
  "publisher_dictionary_label": "Official exchange rate, LCU per USD, period average,,"
}