Peru Economy 2026: GDP, Growth Rate & World Ranking

Peru has the 45th-largest nominal GDP of the 189 economies SOTW covers for 2026: $399.59 billion (IMF projection). It sits just behind Chile ($402.24 billion) and narrowly ahead of Kazakhstan ($397.92 billion). The IMF projects real GDP growth of 3.0% and inflation of 3.8% for 2026. Peru's population was 34.6 million in 2025.

Nominal GDP: $399.59B; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); current US dollars; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
399593000000 current US dollars
Real GDP growth: 3.0%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); annual percent change in real GDP; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
3 annual percent change in real GDP
Inflation (annual-average CPI): 3.8%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); annual percent change in average consumer prices; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
3.8 annual percent change in average consumer prices
Unemployment: 5.0%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); percent of labor force; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
5 percent of labor force
GDP per person: $11,498; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); current US dollars per person; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
11498.075 current US dollars per person
Population: 34.6M; Reference year 2025; people; World Bank (World Development Indicators); Series and history →; Unrounded value
34576665 people
General government gross debt: 28.6%; Reference year 2026 (IMF projection); percent of GDP; International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook); Series and history →; Unrounded value
28.6 percent of GDP
Life expectancy at birth: 77.9 years; Reference year 2024; years; World Bank (World Development Indicators); Series and history →; Unrounded value
77.941 years

IMF projection: a forecast from the IMF World Economic Outlook, revised at each release, not a measured value.

About these figures

Each figure keeps its own year, unit and source, shown on its card. Missing values are not zero: a card that says Not reported has no figure for this economy.

IMF figures for the current year and later are projections from the World Economic Outlook and change with each edition. Earlier IMF years can still be estimates. Some economies report on a fiscal year rather than a calendar year, and the source data do not record each country-specific fiscal-year mapping, so the same year label may not cover the same twelve months everywhere.

The GDP rank compares economies with a positive IMF figure for the same year; older figures and regional aggregates are not ranked. Nominal GDP is in US dollars at market exchange rates. GDP per person is output per person, not a typical income. General government gross debt covers every level of government, so it is broader than central-government debt.

Population follows the World Bank's midyear-estimate definition. Open a card's Unrounded value for the full figure, or its series link for the history.

Peru Economic Overview

Peru was one of Latin America's fastest-growing economies for two decades, averaging 5%+ annual GDP growth from 2000 to 2019. The economy is anchored by mining — Peru is the world's second-largest copper producer (after Chile), sixth-largest gold producer, and a significant producer of zinc, silver, and tin. Mining generates roughly 60% of export revenue and 15% of government income. The copper boom has been a major driver of poverty reduction and infrastructure development.

Peru has maintained remarkably sound macroeconomic management for a Latin American country: low inflation (the central bank has strong credibility), moderate government debt, healthy international reserves, and a floating exchange rate. This prudence has earned Peru investment-grade credit ratings and attracted significant mining FDI. The Pacific Alliance trade bloc (with Mexico, Colombia, and Chile) has deepened regional trade integration.

Challenges include persistent inequality between Lima and rural Andean/Amazonian regions, a large informal economy (employing ~70% of workers), political instability (frequent presidential crises), and mining community conflicts over environmental and water issues. GDP per capita at $11,498 in 2026 (IMF projection) places Peru as a lower-middle-income country with significant growth potential if political stability improves.

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Questions about Peru's figures

What is Peru's nominal GDP for 2026?

Peru's nominal GDP is $399.59B (current US dollars; reference year 2026, an IMF projection). Source: International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook). Rank 45 among 189 covered IMF economies for reference year 2026.

What is Peru's real GDP growth for 2026?

Peru's real GDP growth is 3.0% (annual percent change in real GDP; reference year 2026, an IMF projection). Source: International Monetary Fund (World Economic Outlook).

What is Peru's population for 2025?

Peru's population is 34.6M (people; reference year 2025). Source: World Bank (World Development Indicators). The World Bank definition describes midyear population estimates.

What is Peru's life expectancy at birth for 2024?

Peru's life expectancy at birth is 77.9 years (years; reference year 2024). Source: World Bank (World Development Indicators).